Objective To study the effects of Fasudil on expression of Nogo-A and NF200 in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain damage(HIBD) rats.Methods One hundred and twenty 7-day-old Wistar rats were divided into 3 groups with random number table:Sham operation group (n =40),HIBD group (n =40) and Fasudil group (n =40).Sham group only separated from the common carotid artery,without ligation,direct suture the incision does not do hypoxia; HIBD group were injected with saline; Fasudil group was injected with fasudil(10 mg/kg).The rats were killed at 6 h,12 h,24 h,72 h,7 d,after administration.The pathological changes were observed by means of HE.The expression of Nogo-A and NF200 was studied with immunohistochemical staining.Results 1.Naked eye observation:Sham group bilateral symmetrical cerebral hemispheres; HIBD group of brain edema aggravated,the visible hemisphere focal necrosis; fasudil treatment group of edema than HIBD group ease.2.HE stain:the structure and shape of brain in Sham operation group were normal.In HIBD group,the cells became edema,karyopyknosis,lyse,and the inflammatory cells became more.The number of edema cells and karyopyknosis decreased in Fasudil group.3.Immunohistochemical stain:there were less expressions of Nogo-A in Sham operation group.It increased slightly after 12 h in HIBD group but decreased later.The expression of Nogo-A in Fasudil group was less than the other two groups at any time except 6 h (P ＜0.01).There was more expression in HIBD and Fasudil group compared with Sham operation group(P ＜0.01).NF200 was less expression in Sham operation group.NF200 appeared after 6 h and became less after 12 h.The expression of NF200 was at 24 h and later became more.The expression of NF200 in Fasudil group was more with HIBD group at each different time (P ＜ 0.01).The expressions of NF200 in Fasudil and HIBD group were more compared with Sham operation group.Conclusions Fasudil can rehabilitate the damaged axon and promote nerve regeneration through controlling the Rho/Rock and make the expression of NF200 increase.

Objective To certify that Chlamydia can spread from the genital tract to the gastrointestinal tract for long-lasting colonization.Methods Totally,120 female C57BL/6J mice aged 5-6 weeks were divided into 4 experimental groups to be inoculated with purified Chlamydia muridarum (C.muridarum) elementary bodies in the vagina (n =35),gastric area (n =30),anus and rectum (n =30),retro-orbital venous plexus (n =5) respectively.Moreover,corresponding negative groups inoculated with sucrose phosphate glutamate buffer (n =5) were set up for each experimental group.On days 3,7,and every 7 days,vaginal and rectal discharges were collected with swabs from the mice,and the number of live C muridarum orgnisms in exfoliated cells infected with C muridarum in the swabs was determined.Indirect immunofluorescence assay and quantitative PCR (qPCR) were performed to determine the number of live chlamydial organisms and the copy number of chlamydial genomes in the mouse genital tract (vagina,uterus,oviduct and ovary),gastrointestinal tract (stomach,small intestine,cecum,colon,rectum)and parenteral tissues (heart,liver,spleen,lung,kidney) on days 7,14,28,56 and 105 after the inoculation.The number of live chlamydial organisms and copy number of chlamydial genomes were transformed logarithmically with a base of 10.The degree of hydrosalpinx and inflammation in the genital tract,and histopathological changes of the gastrointestinal tract were observed.The infectivity and virulence of C.muridarum in the genital tract and gastrointestinal tract were evaluated in the intragastric inoculation group and intra-anal and intrarectal inoculation group on days 28 and 56 after the inoculation.Blood samples were obtained from the mouse caudal vein in the retro-orbital venous plexus inoculation group on days 3,5,7,10 and 14 after the inoculation,the number of live chlamydial organisms and the copy number of chlamydial genomes in the blood samples were determined,and chlamydial infectivity in the genital tract and gastrointestinal tract was evaluated on day 56.Results On day 7 after the inoculation in the vagina,both C.muridarum live organisms and genomes were detected in the genital tract,gastrointestinal tract and parenteral tissues of all the mice.The largest common logarithm of the number of C.muridarum inclusion forming units (IFU) was observed in the vagina (6.26 ± 0.56),with the common logarithm of the copy number of chlamydial genomes in the vagina being 7.30 ± 0.23,and the common logarithms of the number of Chlamydia IFU and genomic copy were 2.60 ± 1.95 and 4.87 ± 0.09 respectively in the rectum.On day 28,no live Chlamydia was detected in the heart,lung or other parenteral tissues,while live Chlamydia could be found in the genital tract and gastrointestinal tract.The common logarithms of the number of Chlamydia IFU and genomic copy were 3.47 ± 1.06 and 5.80 ± 1.49 respectively in the vagina,and 4.00 ±0.35 and 5.14 ± 0.81 respectively in the rectum.On day 56,live Chlamydia could only be detected in the gastrointestinal tract.On day 105,live Chlamydia and its genomes could be still detected in the gastrointestinal tract,and the common logarithms of the number of Chlamydia IFU and genomic copy could be up to 2.60 ± 0.65 and 4.29 ± 0.57 respectively in the rectum.On days 28 and 56 after the inoculation,both live Chlamydia and its genomes could be detected in the gastrointestinal tract of all the mice in the intragastric inoculation group and intra-anal and intrarectal inoculation group.Chlamydia could survive in the blood for about 14 days in the retro-orbital venous plexus inoculation group,and live Chlamydia was detected in anal-rectal swabs in all the mice on day 14.On day 56 after the intravaginal inoculation with C.muridarum,severe hydrosalpinx,chronic inflammation and oviduct dilation occurred in the genital tract of 5 mice,but there was no obvious infiltration of inflammatory cells in the gastrointestinal tract,and inflammatory pathological changes were not observed in the gastrointestinal tract of mice after inoculation with Chlamydia through other routes either.Conclusion The infection with Chlamydia in the genital tract can lead to systemic dissemination,and Chlamydia can be spread to the gastrointestinal tract,and colonize and survive in the gastrointestinal tract for a long time.

We report a complete genomic sequence of rare isolates (minor genotype) of the SARS-CoV from SARS patients in Guangdong, China, where the first few cases emerged. The most striking discovery from the isolate is an extra 29-nucleotide sequence located at the nucleotide positions between 27,863 and 27,864 (referred to the complete sequence of BJ01) within an overlapped region composed of BGI-PUP5 (BGI-postulated uncharacterized protein 5) and BGI-PUP6 upstream of the N (nucleocapsid) protein. The discovery of this minor genotype, GD-Ins29, suggests a significant genetic event and differentiates it from the previously reported genotype, the dominant form among all sequenced SARS-CoV isolates. A 17-nt segment of this extra sequence is identical to a segment of the same size in two human mRNA sequences that may interfere with viral replication and transcription in the cytosol of the infected cells. It provides a new avenue for the exploration of the virus-host interaction in viral evolution, host pathogenesis, and vaccine development.
Base Sequence ; China ; Cluster Analysis ; Gene Components ; Genetic Variation ; Genome, Viral ; Genotype ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Phylogeny ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; SARS Virus ; genetics ; Sequence Analysis, DNA ; Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ; genetics

Inflammation is involved in the development of various acute and chronic diseases in the body. Sustained inflammatory responses are key driving factors for diseases such as cancer， neurodegenerative diseases， cardiovascular diseases， metabolic syndrome， inflammatory bowel disease， and arthritis. Therefore， finding anti-inflammatory drugs is crucial for the prevention and treatment of various diseases. In recent years， there has been increasing attention to finding natural drugs with minimal toxic side effects. Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos， as traditional Chinese medicines potent in clearing heat and removing toxins， have strong biological activity and multiple pharmacological effects. They are widely distributed in the plant world and have significant medicinal value. With the continuous advancement of the research on Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos， they have been widely used in the medical field and possess great development potential. Currently， research mainly focuses on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos， while systematic summaries of their anti-inflammatory active ingredients are rare. Therefore， this paper focuses on the differential analysis of the anti-inflammatory active components of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos. In addition， it reviewed the possible mechanisms by which extracts and active ingredients of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos may exert anti-inflammatory effects through various pathways， such as influencing the release of cellular inflammatory factors， regulating inflammatory signaling pathways such as nuclear factor-κB （NF-κB）， mitogen-activated protein kinase （MAPK）， signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）， MAPK/extracellular signal-regulated kinase （ERK）/c-Jun N-terminal kinase （JNK）， phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/protein kinase B （Akt）/NF-κB， and Janus kinase （JAK）/signal transducer and activator of transcription （STAT） signaling pathways， increasing antioxidant stress capacity， enhancing immune defense capabilities， and improving intestinal microbiota， aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the rational clinical application of Lonicerae Japonicae Flos and Lonicerae Flos.