Objective:To investigate the effective mechanism for transfection of rat brain derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF) gene by recombinant adeno-associated virus in the cultured hippocampal neurons.Methods:rAAV-BDNF was injected into the serum free-induced neurons.DAPI,PI and Actin stain was performed to measure the apoptosis cells and morphogenesis of the cells.Results:After the gene transfer,the survival rate of the serum free-induced neurons was increased by 65%.Conclusion:The recombinant adeno-associated virus vector can protect the serum free-induced neurons from Apoptosis.

The current status of otolaryngology at the undergraduate stage teaching is:Too many curriculum contents,few theoretical and practical courses,students' lack of interest in study because they feel the contents difficult and so on.According to these situations,teaching reform has been carried out.The curriculum resource is divided into content-based curriculum resources and conditional resources.The current undergraduate teaching materials(Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery by People's Medical Publishing House,the Eighth Edition) is taken as its entry point,based on the current curriculum resources and its application situation in the teaching process.The study combines the teaching contents and curriculum resources and further explores the potential of curriculum resources and enlarges the resource space in order to explore the way and the method of using curriculum resource reasonably and efficiently,and construct the curriculum resources which have otolaryngology subject features and then guide teaching better.

Objective To evaluate the expression of cytoplasmic CD_ 79a(CyCD_ 79a)on different acute leukemia(AL)cells and to explore its significance.Methods CyCD_ 79aexpression on the leukemic cells from 221 acute leukemia patients diagnosed from January 2003 to April 2004 was retrospectively analyzed by three-color cytometry with CD_ 45/SSC gating strategy.Results CyCD_ 79awas positive in 100%(57/57)of B cell-acute lymphoblastic leukemia(B-ALL)cases,which was higher than that of other B cell-associated antigens(CD_ 10,CD_ 19,CD_ 20and cytoplasmic CD_ 22)in B-ALL.Only 0.7%(1/134)of acute myeloid leukemia(AML)cases and 13.3%(2/15)of T cell-acute leukemia(T-ALL)cases expressed CyCD_ 79a,respectively.Conclusion CyCD_ 79ais sensitive and specific for B-ALL.CyCD_ 79amay be used as a reliable immunophenotyping marker for the diagnosis of B-ALL and be used to distinguish B-ALL from T-ALL and AML.

Objective To discuss the clinical significance of serum pyridinoline cross-linked carboxy-terminal telopeptide of typeⅠcollagen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Methods Serum ⅠCTP was measured by ELISA and RF, CRP by immunonephelometry assay in 55 patients with active and 25 with stable RA as well as 52 age and sex-matched normal controls. Results SerumⅠCTP was positively correlated with RF and CRP (rs=0.407, 0.534, P0.05). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of serumⅠCTP test were 67.3%, 84.6%, 75.7% in serum of the patients with active RA respectively. The mean serumⅠCTP in normal controls was (3.5?2.0) ?g/L. The serumⅠCTP was more sensitive than CRP in the patients with active RA. Conclusion SerumⅠCTP in patients of RA is a reliable assistant marker for early diagnosis, monitoring of the course and the effectiveness of treatment.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of TLR-2 and HO-1 in recurrent nasal polyps,and to discuss the relationship between the expression and the recurrence of nasal polyps. Methods The immune protein imprinting technology was used to detect the protein expression of TLR-2 and HO-1 in 20 cases of recurrent nasal polyps,20 cases of nasal polyps and 20 cases of normal mucosal tissue in control group, and the relationship between the two proteins were analyzed. Results Expression levels of TLR-2 and HO-1 in the tissues of the recurrent nasal polyps had statistically significant difference with nasal polyps group ( <0.05) . Expression levels of TLR-2 and HO-1 in the tissues of the nasal polyps had statistically significant difference with normal nasal mucosa tissues ( <0.05) .The expression of TLR-2 and HO-1 had significant correlation in each group ( <0.05) .Conclusion TLR-2 and HO-1 plays an important role in the recurrence mechanism of nasal polyps, and both of them may be as objective indicators for postoperative follow-up of patients with recurrent nasal polyps and judging the recurrent trend.

Objective To investigate effectiveness of treatment of Upper urinary tract calculus by MPCNL application.Methods From May 2000 to May 2007,causing artificial kidney hydronephrosis for the affected kidney,established renal percutaneous channels(F16～18),which established the single channels of 202 cases,dual-channel of 14 cases,by Ureteroscopic Lithotripsy and holmium laser lithotripsy.Results 183 cases of 216 patients were One-time stone;33 cases were second stone.The average clearance rate is 90.32%,the average operation time is 79min,average valume of about bleeding is 80ml,the average hospitalization days are 8 days,kidney ostomy average stay 7.5 days.Of the operation,9 cases of obviously bleeding(4%)before and after operation,1 case uncontrollable bleeding after interventional treatment failure with Nephrectomy,others to stop beeding by symptomatic treatment,2 cases find urinary extravasation postoperative and cured by adjusting location of renal ostomy.Conclusion Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy for the treatment of Upper urinary tract calculus is safe and effective for patients with less trauma,quicker recovery and high learance rate,the efficacy is satifactory.

Objective To evaluate the operative technique,perioperative management and ontcome of single lung transplantation and ventricular septal defect repair for Eisenmenger syndrome.Methods A 16 years old male patient with end-stage ventricular septal defect who received open heart exploration 12 years ago underwent right single lung transplantation and ventricular septal defect repair on Oct.22,2004.The operation was carried out under cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB) with beating heart.The donor lung was perfused with modified LPD solution.Tacrolimus(FK506),mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and corticosteroid regime was used for immunosuppressive therapy.CPB time was 244 min,and donor lung ischemic time was 6 h.Results During the operation,the pulmonary artery pressure was reduced from 110/60 mm Hg to 53/39 mm Hg after transplantation.The patient weaned from the ventilator at the 12th postoperative day.An acute rejection episode occurred on the 14th postoperative day.ICU stay was 30 days.99m-Tc-MAA pulmonary perfusion scan demonstrated predominant right lung blood flow.UCG assessed improved heart functions,intact ventricular septum and mean pulmonary artery pressure of 45 mm Hg.The exercise tolerance was prominently improved.The patient was discharged on the 62nd day after transplantation.Conclusions Single lung transplantation and congenital heart defect repair is effective for end-stage left-to-right shunt congenital heart diseases with satisfying short-term results.Closed follow-up and surveillance are needed for long-term outcomes.

Objective To evaluate the method and result of thyroid artery embolization as a new therapy for hyperthyroidism. Methods Twenty two patients with hyperthyroidism underwent selective thyroid artery embolization. Totally 52 thyroid arteries were embolized with microspheres. The indications to this therapy were following: hyperthyroid patients having indications to surgical and 131 I therapy, clinically being difficult to complete the preparation for subtotal thyroidectomy and having high risk for surgical process because of their huge thyroid gland. Results Serum level of thyroid hormones dropped significantly [median T3 from 8 8 nmol/L(4 3～ 43 0 nmol/L) to 4 0 nmol/L(1 1～9 2 nmol/L), median T4 from 206 4 nmol/L(77 4～748 2 nmol/L) to 144 5 nmol/L(25 8～279 9 nmol/L), P

The myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal disorder characterized by inefficient haematopoiesis,dysplasia of hematopoietic cells in bone marrow and unable production of mature cells with normal differentiation resulting in peripheral cytopenias.The incidence of MDS is increased with the increasing age,suggesting that the accumulation of genetic or epigenetic changes lead to DNA mutations in hematopoietic stem cell,activation of oncogenes and inactivation of tumor suppressor genes,increasing limitless self-proliferation,and eventually resulting in aberrant clonal hematopoiesis and the occurrence of MDS.About thirty percentage of patients with MDS will transform into acute myeloid leukemia (AML) at last.MDS is always not sensitive to cytotoxic drugs,but targeted drugs maybe help to improve the prognosis.

JAK2 V617F gene mutation positive myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) consists of polycythemia vera (PV),essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF).This article focuses on their risk scoring systems and treatment including first-and second-line therapies,JAK2 inhibitors,cytoreduction,antifibrosis and other single-agent or combination therapy.