MicroRNA-506 (miRNA-506) is located in the X chromosome and influences various processes, such as cell proliferation, apoptosis, senescence, cell cycle, cell differentiation, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis, through post-transcriptional regulation of its targets. Recent studies have shown that miRNA-506 plays an important role in tumorigen-esis and progression of many types of tumors. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that miRNA-506 suppresses progression of sev-eral tumors and promotes response of tumor cells to chemotherapy. However, miRNA-506 plays different roles in different tumors. This review summarizes the functions and mechanisms of miRNA-506 in different tumors to identify a new target for the targeted ther-apy of certain tumors.

The normal and ischemic dog myocardia were treated with freeze-etching method and observed by transmission electron microscope, with special reference to the ultrastructural changes of myocardial cell membrane.Following 6 hours of coronary occlusion, the myocardial samples were taken from central and borderline ischemic areas as well as from distant normal area. The samples were cut into slices of about 1.5?1.5?3 mm~3 in size and proceeded by the routine freeze etching procedure.The myocardial cell membrane were fractured into the P face and E face. In normal myocardial cell membrane, the number of intramembranous particles of the P face was exceedingly larger than that of the E face. There were numerous caveolae appearing as depressions on the P face and elevated structures on the E face. In central and borderline ischemic areas, intramembranous particles were significantly decreased and aggregated. Following coronary occlusion, the caveolae of the myocardial cell membrane were found to be decreased, deformed or absent. In the severe ischemic area, spherical elevations with "rosette" configuration were occasionally observed as elevation on P face and depressions on E face.

The normal rabbit pancreas was treated with DMSO freeze-cracking method and observed by scanning electron microscope, with special reference to examine the ultrastructure of pancreatic exocrine portion.The pancreatic acinus was composed of five to six pyramidal acinar cells around the lumen. A few short microvilli were present at the apex of each acinar cell. The spherical nucleus was located in the basal region, with one to three nucleoli.Numerous rough surfaced endoplasmic reticula were found in the basal region of acinar cells arranged either in longitudinal arrays, or concentrically. Mitochondria were located between rough surfaced endoplasmic reticula. The rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum may extend into supranuclear portion where well-developed Golgi apparatus and numerous spherical zymogen granules were situated.

Post-menopause hypertension in female is the appearance of elevation of blood pressure in one year after menopause.It will always bring obesity,blood lipid abnormality,disorders of carbohydrate metabolism,elevation of insulin's leave,elevation of sympathetic nerve's irritability,and so on by the hormone leave and other reason,which has caused wide public concern as one of the reason of coronary heart disease(CHD).The possible pathogenesis of female hypertension is complicated and many factors.These disorders may include decrease of estrogen,overfull pituitrin,putting on weight,composite factors and others unknown neurohumoral factors.During the treatment of high blood pressure,considering the diversity of post-menopause female,it need take concrete illness into account to choose reducing the pressure drug.There are many experiments to approve applied hormone replacement therapy(CRT),but it is still incertitude on post-menopause hypertensive female sufferer.At the same time,hypertension is not the contraindication in application of HRT.It need more advanced stochastic clinical experimentation to prove whether CHD female could benefit from HRT application.

Retinol binding protein 4 (RBP4), synthesized in the liver, is an adipocytokine existing in the circulation. It is closely related to the incidence of macrovascular complications of diabetes. It also promotes the occurrence and development of diabetic microangiopathy. This paper summarized the progress in the field about the structure and function of RBP4, RBP4 and coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis, as well as RBP4 and diabetic nephropathy and diabetic retinopathy.

BACKGROUND: Avascular necrosis of the femoral head is mainly caused by insufficient blood supply of the femoral head. Core decompression is a common clinical treatment, enriched autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation can improve hip function, and combined application can promote early recovery of patients. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the therapeutic effects of enriched autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation combined with core decompression on serum levels of fibroblast growth factor-2, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor in patients with early avascular necrosis of femoral head. METHODS: Sixty-two cases of early avascular necrosis of femoral head treated from January 2016 to January 2018 were selected, and were divided into study group (n=31) and control group (n=31) according to the random number table method. The control group was treated with fine-needle porous-channel core pulp decompression, while the study group was treated with enriched autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation on the basis of the control group. Harris score, Visual Analogue Scale score, serum fibroblast growth factor-2, hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor levels and adverse reactions were observed before and after treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The Harris scores at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment in the two groups were higher than those before treatment (P < 0.05), and those in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (2) The Visual Analogue Scale scores at 3, 6 and 12 months after treatment in the two groups were lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05), and the scores at 3 and 6 months after treatment in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (3) The levels of serum fibroblast growth factor-2 at 3, 6 and 12 months in the two groups were higher than those before treatment, and the scores in the study group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor in the two groups were significantly lower than those before treatment (P < 0.05), and those in the study group were lower than those in the control group (P < 0.05). (4) There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between two groups after treatment (P > 0.05). (5) These results suggest that enriched autologous bone marrow stem cell transplantation combined with core decompression in the treatment of early avascular necrosis of femoral head can effectively improve hip joint function, promote the repair of femoral head necrosis area, alleviate pain, increase the level of fibroblast growth factor-2, and reduce the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α and vascular endothelial growth factor.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteris tics and diagnostic outline and to elucidate the effects of different managements of femoral shaft fractures with ipsila teral femoral neck fractures.Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 18patients with ipsilateral femo ral neck and femoral shaft fractures from 1998to 2001,and their managements and final clinical outcomes were reviewed.Results The follow -up ranged from8to 40months with an average of 16mon ths.All the fractures united except one femoral shaft fracture and one femoral neck fracture.Conclusion Retrograde intramedullary nailing with multiple cancellous screws to t reat ipsilateral femoral neck and femora l shaft fractures has been proved an e ffective technique.For the cases overlooked initially,treatment with multiple nailing around the intramedullary n ail is a good choice.[

Objective To understand hypertension risk factors among adult residents in Hebei province.Methods The adult residents were selected by multistage stratified sampling,and investigated with the same questionnaires,body measurement,blood pressure measurement,blood sample analysis,to analyze risk factors of hypertension by ?2 with simple factor and by logistic regression with mult-factors.Results The prevalence of hypertension in 4200 adult residents(18-69 ages) was 39.6% and age-adjusted rate was 28.5%.The single factors analysis indicated that the prevalence of hypertension was higher in men than in women,in countryside than in city,and increased with age rising.Its prevalence is correlated with education level,marriage status,occupation,income,smoking,passive smoking,manual activity,eating habits,BMI,waist,diabetes,blood fat,status of spirit and health.Multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that city,female,educational level of senior high school and above that,farm working,eating less brined vegetables is protective factors for hypertension,and their OR(95%CI) were 0.777(0.644~0.937),0.674(0.551~0.823),0.654(0.534~0.801),0.826(0.684~0.997),0.844(0.729~0.977) respectively,and more than 35 ages,not usually eating vegetable,bad status of health by self-sensations,high serum TC and TG,overweight and obesity were the main risk factors for hypertension,and their OR(95%CI) were 4.145(3.263~5.266),4.460(1.049~18.969),1.234(1.068~1.425),1.400(1.200~1.634),1.420(1.074~1.878),1.478(1.235~1.768),1.728(1.448~2.061) respectively.Conclusion The prevalence of hypertension in adult residents in Hebei province was correlated with multi-factors,so complicated prevention and control in hypertension should be reinforced.

Objective To investigate the changes of plasma fibrinolytic activity and D dimer level in the primary hypertension of the elderly.Methods ELISA was applied to measure blood and urine D dimer.Chromophore substrate method was used to detect PL,Plg,t PA and PAI 1.Results The levels of PAI 1,D dimer and Plg were obviously higher in the elderly primary hypertension and hypertentive kidney disease than those in the control group,while t PA and PL activity were lower than in the control group.Conclusion The changes of PLA and D dimer play an important role in hypertension and hypertentive renal disease of the elderly,on which the early diagnosis can be based.

Objective To evaluate the surgical management and its results of type C fractures of distal humerus. Methods From January 1997 to November 2002, 30 patients of type C fractures of distal humerus were treated surgically. There were 11 males and 19 females with mean age of 41 years (range 16-67 years). Thirteen fractures occurred in left extremity and 17 in the right. Nine patients suffered open fracture, including Custilo typeⅠfracture in 5, and typeⅡin 4 cases. Twenty-one patients suffered closed fracture. The fracture were caused by falling injury in 21 cases, by traffic accident in 7 cases and by another cause in 2 cases. Associated injuries included: distal fracture of radius in 2 cases, fracture of rib in 1 case, and fracture of surgical neck of humerus in 1 case. According to AO/ASIF classification, type C1 fracture was found in 4 cases, type C2 in 14 cases and type C3 in 12 cases. Of the 30 patients, 21 cases were operated with the approach of extra-articular osteotomy of olecranon, and 9 cases with the approach of liguliform flap of musculus triceps brachii. The fractures were reduced and fixed with dual-plates(DP) in 17 cases, and double tension bands(DTB) in 13 cases. The operation was performed in 0-17 days after injury with mean 7 days. Clinical data were recorded and reviewed retrospectively according to the surgical approach, operating time, amount of bleeding, types of internal fixation, function of the elbow and the complications. Results All the patients were followed up, with the duration from 6 to 62 months(mean, 28.5 months). The function of the elbow was evaluated according to Morrey's scale, the results showed excellent in 23 cases, good in 4 cases, and poor in 3 cases. Conclusion The modified approach of extra-articular osteotomy of olecranon provide sufficient exposure without injury of articular surface, and the osteotomy healed easily with long-term stability. The type C fractures of distal humerus should be fixed with DP or DTB for two column fixation. DTB provide a new sufficient internal fixation with simple technical procedure, shortening operation time, less bleeding and reliable stability with similar results compared with DP fixation.