Objective To assess the clinical value of limited internal fixation combined with hinged super-articular external fixator for the treatment of elbow fracture. Methods 10 patents with elbow fracture were treated with hinged external fixator from March 2001 to November 2002. It involved 8 males and 2 females, aged from 22 to 46 years. There were 4 humeral intercondylar fractures of Riseborough type Ⅳ, the fractures were fixed with few cancellous or interfacial screws through the postero-medial approach, the olecranon and the attached triceps were reflected proximally after the olecranon osteotomy. Among the other 6 severe fracture-dislocations of the elbow, 2 complicated with fracture of the coronoid process; 1 fracture of the Regan type Ⅲ, whose fragments were over 50% of the coronoid process, was fixed with screws; another 1 fracture of the Regan type Ⅱ, whose comminution was less than 50%, was sutured with the joint capsule from proximal to distal part; 2 combined with radial head fracture of Mason type Ⅳ, both selected the lateral elbow approach, 1 with resection because of comminution, the other was fixed nearly the 2/3 of its whole dimension; and 2 with olecranon fracture were fixed with tension-band wire. Results All 10 patients were available at final follow up, the mean duration was 12 months (range, 6-18 months). According to the Morry scoring system, there were 6 excellent, 3 good, 1 fair, and the effective rate was 90%. 8 cases united in the first-stage, the other 2 achieved delayed union because of open fracture. Conclusion The technique of hinged external fixator for the fractures around elbow not only can help to stabilize the fractures but also allows early rehabilitation. In comparison with other methods, it can better improve the function of elbow, so it is an effective treatment for this kind of injury.

Objective To evaluate the surgical management and its results of type C fractures of distal humerus. Methods From January 1997 to November 2002, 30 patients of type C fractures of distal humerus were treated surgically. There were 11 males and 19 females with mean age of 41 years (range 16-67 years). Thirteen fractures occurred in left extremity and 17 in the right. Nine patients suffered open fracture, including Custilo typeⅠfracture in 5, and typeⅡin 4 cases. Twenty-one patients suffered closed fracture. The fracture were caused by falling injury in 21 cases, by traffic accident in 7 cases and by another cause in 2 cases. Associated injuries included: distal fracture of radius in 2 cases, fracture of rib in 1 case, and fracture of surgical neck of humerus in 1 case. According to AO/ASIF classification, type C1 fracture was found in 4 cases, type C2 in 14 cases and type C3 in 12 cases. Of the 30 patients, 21 cases were operated with the approach of extra-articular osteotomy of olecranon, and 9 cases with the approach of liguliform flap of musculus triceps brachii. The fractures were reduced and fixed with dual-plates(DP) in 17 cases, and double tension bands(DTB) in 13 cases. The operation was performed in 0-17 days after injury with mean 7 days. Clinical data were recorded and reviewed retrospectively according to the surgical approach, operating time, amount of bleeding, types of internal fixation, function of the elbow and the complications. Results All the patients were followed up, with the duration from 6 to 62 months(mean, 28.5 months). The function of the elbow was evaluated according to Morrey's scale, the results showed excellent in 23 cases, good in 4 cases, and poor in 3 cases. Conclusion The modified approach of extra-articular osteotomy of olecranon provide sufficient exposure without injury of articular surface, and the osteotomy healed easily with long-term stability. The type C fractures of distal humerus should be fixed with DP or DTB for two column fixation. DTB provide a new sufficient internal fixation with simple technical procedure, shortening operation time, less bleeding and reliable stability with similar results compared with DP fixation.

Objective To summarize the clinical results of combined procedure of resections and constructions of bronchus,great vessels and heart in the treatment of 79 patients with central lung cancer.Methods From Jun,1988 to Jun,2005,the combined procedure of resections and constructions of bronchus,great vessels and heart were carried out in 74 patients with central lung cancer.The operations included ring of bronchus or sleeve lobectomy in 57 cases,double sleeve lobectomy in 15 cases,carinal resection and reconstruction in 4 cases.Results There was no operative deaths and 7(8.86 %) patients had operative complications.The survival rates of 12,36,60 months and 10 years were 78.5%,59.5%,35.4% and 17.7% respectively.Conclusion With the treatment of sleeve lobectomy or combined with resection and reconstruction of pulmonary artery,great vessels or heart,the pulmonary function can be protected significantly,and the cure rate and the long term survival rate can be improved in patients with central lung cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effects of Lipo prostaglandin E1(Lipo-PGE1) on the lower limb blood vessel in diabetic patients.Methods The study was performed in 36 patients with diabetes related lower limb vascular disease.Before and after Lipo-PGE1 treatment for 28 days,vascular diameter and blood flow velocity of femoral artery,popliteal artery,posterior tibial artery and dorsal pedal artery were measured by Doppler ultrasonography examination.Results After the treatment with Lipo-PGE1,the vascular diameters of femoral artery,popliteal artery,posterior tibial artery and dorsal pedal artery were dilated;and there were significant differences in posterior tibial artery and dorsal pedal artery.After the treatment with Lipo-PGE1,blood flow velocity of femoral artery,popliteal artery,posterior tibial artery and dorsal pedal artery were increased,however,there were no significantly statistical differences.After the treatment with Lipo-PGE1,all the patients feel well.Painless walking distance and maximal walking distance of 18 patients with intermittent claudication were increased.Conclusion Lipo-PGE1 causes a significant improvement of diabetes related lower limb vascular disease.Furthermore,the results demonstrated the major effects on posterior tibial artery and dorsal pedal artery.Lipo-PGE1 can dilate the smaller artery,which is important and helpful for patients to improve symptoms and signs.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteris tics and diagnostic outline and to elucidate the effects of different managements of femoral shaft fractures with ipsila teral femoral neck fractures.Methods A retrospective study was carried out in 18patients with ipsilateral femo ral neck and femoral shaft fractures from 1998to 2001,and their managements and final clinical outcomes were reviewed.Results The follow -up ranged from8to 40months with an average of 16mon ths.All the fractures united except one femoral shaft fracture and one femoral neck fracture.Conclusion Retrograde intramedullary nailing with multiple cancellous screws to t reat ipsilateral femoral neck and femora l shaft fractures has been proved an e ffective technique.For the cases overlooked initially,treatment with multiple nailing around the intramedullary n ail is a good choice.[

Objective To assess the clinical value of hybrid external fixator combined with limited internal fixation for distal tibial fracture.Methods 22 patients with distal tibial fracture were treated with hybrid external fixator and limited internal fixation from March 2002 to January 2005.In those cases,17 patients were male and 5 patients were female,their age was from 20 to 48 years old,with an averge of 33 years old,all fracture sites were not beyond the ankle joint for 5 cm.Among those cases,18 patients were intraarticular fracture and between them 4 patients belong to Ruedi typeⅡ,14 patients belong to Ruedi type Ⅲ.4 patients were extraarticular fracture.18 patients were close injury and of them 16 patients belong to modified Tscherne typeⅡ,2 patients belong to modified Tscherne typeⅢ.4 patients were open fracture,2 patients belong to GustiloⅡand 2 patients belong to Gustilo Ⅲ.Displaced articular fragments were fixed with cannulated lag screws or Kischner wires,the reduction of extraarticular fracture by adjusting external fixator to acquire.Results All patients were followed-up from 8 to 28 months,mean 18 months and average heal time was 3.2 months.Using Tornetta criteria,excellent 10,good 5,fair 3,with 83% excellent and good rate for intraarticular fracture.Excellent 3,good 1,for extraarticular fracture.There were 20 patients with wound primary healing,2 patients delayed healing and they all were open fracture.Complications included 10? anterior angled malunion in 1 case,and pin tract infection in 2 cases.Conclusion Using this metheod treated distal tibial fracture can reduce soft tissue injury,can obviously reduce the wound infectious rate and admit early motion of ankle joint,so it is beneficial to early restore the ankle joint's function.

Objective To explore the impact of concentrated teaching, self-help training, intensive training, scenario simulation and other systemic training methods on the health teaching level of community health education staff,and the impact of community health education on cultivation of residents' health behavior before and after training. Methods 60 community doctors and nurses involved in systematic training. Taught concentrated 8 hours every week, and continuous for 4 weeks with medicine, psychology, sociology, pedagogy, aesthetics and production of courseware. Trainees who awarded 80 points or more in examination took part in simulated scene training, which completed a 30-minute design of concentrated health lesson and a 15-minute design of one to one health lesson in written form and multimedia teaching. Teaching effect-site was evaluated by the residents of the community lectures. The impact on cultivation of residents' behaviors was evaluated with ruler evaluation method.Results The community health care workers' teaching ability had significant change after training: plan design (2.32 ± 1.41 vs 4.26 ±0.61 ), lectures (2.63 ±0.89 vs 4.09 ±0.93), teaching skills ( 1.97 ± 1.32 vs 3.89 ±1. 13 ), teaching aids configuration ( 1.68 ± 1. 43 vs 3.97 ± 1. 26 ), educational methods ( 2.01 ± 0. 96 vs 4.03 ±0.82), time control (2.83 ±0.26 vs 4.67 ±0.25), the classroom atmosphere (2.78 ± 1. 13 vs 4.12 ±0.67),courseware ( 2.48 ± 1. 08 vs 3.89 ± 1.02 ) , teaching the image ( 2.15 ± 1.15 vs 4.06 ± 0.78 ), overall evaluation (2.36 ± 1.21 vs 4. 16 ± 0.65 )(P ＜ 0. 0 1 ). After training, community residents' knowledge on community health care workers' one to one health education and collective health education training, and positive evaluation of helpful to students' behavior improved significantly ( x2 = 17.19,36.37 ;8.91,20.98 ;34.14,32.29) ,and all had remarkable difference( all P＜0. 01 ). Evaluating the impact of health care workers' teach on cultivating residents'health behavior after one year, it improved significantly (P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusion Systemic training can improve health education ability of community medical staff and the impact on cultivating residents' health behavior is remarkable.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the determining contents of 5 anthraquinones constituents in Sanhuang drop pills. METHODS:HPLC method was adopted. The column was Diamonsil C18 with the mobile phase of methanol-0.23% phosphoric acid(85∶15,V/V)at the flow rate of 1.0 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 440 nm and the volume temperature was room tem-perature. The sample size was 10 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 0.070-0.700 μg for aloeemodin(r=0.999 9),0.646-6.460 μg for rhein(r=0.999 9),0.130-1.300 μg for emodin(r=0.999 9),0.150-1.500 μg for chrysophanol(r=0.999 9)and 0.074-0.740 μg for physcion(r=0.999 9),respectively. The RSDs of precision,stability and repeatability tests were no more than 1.96%. The av-erage recoveries were respectively 100.92%(RSD=2.80%,n=9),97.39%(RSD=1.39%,n=9),99.29%(RSD=1.81%,n=9), 100.73%(RSD=2.60%,n=9)and 99.81%(RSD=2.06%,n=9). CONCLUSIONS:The method is simple,accurate and specific, and can used for the content control of 5 constituents in Sanhuang drop pills.

Objective To observe the effect of extract from Branchlets roses on blood glucose and glucose tolerance in diabetes mice induced by alloxan.Methods Diabetes animal model was established by alloxan.Dividing the model mice into eight groups:model group,water extract high,middle,and low dose (3.70,1.85,and 0.93 g/kg) group,and ethanol extract high,middle,and low dose (2.75,1.37,and 0.70 g/kg) group,and metformin (positive drug,200 mg/kg) group,and normal mice were taken as control group.Drug was ig administered to mice 3 d after molding once daily.Blood glucose test paper was used to determine fasting blood glucose 0,10,20,and 28 d after modeling,and the glucose tolerance test was performed 30 d after modeling.Results The extract of Branchlets roses from all the groups could decrease the blood glucose and improve the glucose tolerance,and showed a certain dose-effect relationship.In all the extracts,the alcohol extract had the best effect,but the effect was not as good as the positive control drug metformin hydrochloride group.Conclusion The extract of Branchlets roses can reduce the blood sugar content of diabetic mice,and improve the glucose tolerance.

Mitochondria play a central role in the regulation of cellular energy metabolism, bio-synthesis and cell death. Dysfunction of mitochondria can lead to many diseases. Mitochondrial proteomics provides important theoretical foundation for a systematic understanding of the biological functions of mitochondria, studying the mechanisms of mitochondria-related diseases, and promoting the research and development of mitochondria-targeting drugs. The methodologies, recent technology development, and characteristics and applications of mitochondrial proteomics were reviewed and the challenges and prospects were also discussed.