Objective To evaluate the treatment effect of balloon angioplasty and cryoplasty on iliac artery stenosis in canine model.Methods Canine models of iliac artery stenosis were established with surgical ligation and transfixion.Models were randomly divided into two groups:iliac artery stenosis treated by cryoplasty (n =8) and by balloon angioplasty (n =8).The degree of iliac artery stenosis of two model groups was assessed by digital subtraction angiography (DSA) immediately and two weeks after the angioplasties.Then all the dogs were executed for pathological observation of the target vessels.Results Sixteen canine models of iliac artery stenosis were established by surgical ligation and transfixion method with 100％ success rate.DSA showed there was (45 ± 12)％ of residual artery stenosis in the cryoplasty group immediately after surgery,while it was (39-12)％ in the balloon angioplasty group,and there was no significant difference between them(t =3.183,P ＞ 0.05).The artery stenosis of cryoplasty group was (48 ± 17) ％ after two weeks and not significantly different from that after surgery immediately (t =-1.271,P ＞ 0.05).The artery stenosis of balloon angioplasty group was (67 ± 13)％ after two weeks,and it was significantly higher compared with at after surgery immediately (t =-6.666,P ＜ 0.01).The degree of vascular stenosis in balloon angioplasty group was severer than that in cryoplasty group two weeks after angiography(P =0.041).The pathological examination showed artery intimal hyperplasia in cryoplasty group was milder than that in balloon angioplasty group and neointimal content of collagen in cryoplasty group was less than that in balloon angioplasty group.Conclusions The animal models of iliac artery stenosis were established successfully with surgical ligation and transfixion by damaging the intima and media of arterial wall.Compared with balloon angioplasty,the cryoplasty was able to inhibit proliferation of intimal and reduce collagen synthesis to prevent the iliac artery restenosis.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of percutaneous transhepatic insertion of biliary stent (PTIBS) combined with radioactive seed implantation in treating malignant biliary obstruction. Methods A total of 38 patients with malignant biliary obstruction were enrolled in this study. Radioactive 125I seed was used, and each 125I seed was 4.5 mm in length and 0.8 mm in diameter. The 125I seeds were placed in a catheter to prepare the 125I seed- strip. PTCD was carried out first, then percutaneous catheterization was performed and a guide- wire was inserted through the catheter until it passed the obstructed biliary segment. The obstructed segment was dilated by a balloon - catheter, which was followed by PTIBS. An 8 - 10 F drainage - catheter was placed into the biliary duct through the stent. Finally, guided by fluoroscopy the catheter with the 125I seed- strip was inserted via the drainage- catheter to the area that was planned to be radiated. The external drainage- catheter was wrapped and fixed to the skin, or was imbedded under the skin. Results Of the 38 patients with malignant biliary obstruction, successful PTIBS combined with radioactive seed implantation was accomplished in 36 patients. After the treatment, the serum bilirubin level fell to normal or near normal range in all patients (P < 0.05). No obvious side effects were observed. Conclusion For the treatment of malignant biliary obstruction, percutaneous transhepatic insertion of biliary stent combined with radioactive 125I seed - strip implantation is a safe and effective method.

Objective To investigate genetic characteristics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (N.gonorrhoeae) isolates from Guangzhou city in 2014,and to analyze the relationship of N.gonorrhoeae multi-antigen sequence typing (NGMAST) sequence types (STs) with ciprofloxacin resistance.Methods An agar dilution method was used to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of ciprofloxacin in 97 N.gonorrhoeae isolates from Guangzhou city.PCR was performed to amplify the gyrA,parC,porB and tbpB genes from these isolates,followed by gene sequencing and determination of NG-MAST STs.Results Of the 97 N.gonorrhoeae isolates,95 (97.9％) were resistant to ciprofloxacin,including 41 high-level (MIC ≥ 16 mg/L) and 54 low-level (1 mg/L ≤ MIC ＜ 16 mg/L) resistant strains.Mutations were detected at codons 91 and 95 encoding serine in the gyrA gene of all the 95 ciprofloxacin-resistant strains,and in the parC gene of 93 resistant strains.The frequency of the mutation at codon 87 in the parC gene was 85.4％ (35/41) in high-level resistant strains,significantly higher than that in low-level resistant strains (59.3％[32/54],x2 =7.64,P ＜ 0.05).MAST STs were successfully determined for all the 97 N.gonorrhoeae isolates except 1 isolate with incorrect PCR amplicons.Of the 96 genotyped isolates,50 were assigned to 35 known STs by using the NG-MAST website (www.ngmast.net),among which,10 STs each contained 2 to 4 isolates.The most common ST was ST5309.Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that the 96 genotyped N.gonorrhoeae isolates could be classified into 2 groups,and the proportion of isolates with MIC ≥ 16 mg/L is 46.4％ (39/84) in group 1,but only 1/12 in group 2 (x2 =6.27,P=0.012).Conclusions High-level resistance of N.gonorrhoeae to ciprofloxacin may be mainly associated with the mutation at codon 87 in the parC gene.NG-MAST STs may be related to the degree of ciprofloxacin resistance.

Objective To study the expression of phosphorylated serine 910 of focal adhesion kinase(FAKps910)in circulation endothelial cells(CEC)from patients with hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS).Methods Fifty HFRS patients were involved in the study and divided into mild(n=17),moderate(n=20)and severe(n=13)groups according to patients' conditions. Twenty healthy volunteers were enrolled as control group. CEC were isolated by Percoll density gradient centrifugation method. The expression of FAKps910 in specific APC-CD31+ CEC was measured by flow cytometry. The data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA. Results The positive rates of FAKps910 in CEC were 59.87%±9.58% in early febrile stage patients and 21.14%±2.53% in the healthy controls, while it was 11.64%±2.17%in the later febrile or hypotension stage patients(F=262.31,P＜0.01).It gradually restored to normal afterwards. The positive rates of FAKps910 in CEC were 17.45%±2.64%,13.84%±2.54% and 7.47%±2.57%,respectively in mild, morderate and severe groups in the later febrile or hypotension stage, which were all significantly different from that in control group(F=52.642,P＜0.01).Conclusions FAK in CEC iS related with the clinical severity of HFRS patients. FAK may be involved in intergrin β3-mediated endothelial injury during Hantavirus infection.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of genotyping and gene polymorphism of Neisseria gonorrhoeae(N.go) with azithromycin(AZM)-resistance(AZM-R) and decreased susceptibility to ceftriaxone(CROD).Methods The minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) of AZM and CRO were determined.AZM-R isolates were detected for mutations in 23S rRNA,mtrR and penA genes.Genotypes were analyzed by using N.go multi-antigen sequence typing(NG-MAST).Results All total of 485 isolates of N.go were detected.77(15.9%) strains were AZM-R(MIC≥1 mg/L),including 33(6.8%) isolates of AZM low-level resistant(AZM-LLR,MIC=1 mg/L) strains and 44(9.1%) isolates of AZM middle-level resistant(AZM-MLR,MIC≥2 mg/L) strains.There were more CROD(MIC≥0.125 mg/L) strains in AZM-MLR isolates(43.2%),compared with those in AZM-LLR isolates(18.2%,P<0.05).The detected rates of 23S rRNA,mtrR,penA single or combined mutations were without significant differences between AZM-LLR isolates and AZM-MLR isolates(P>0.05).Similar results were found between combined AZM-LLR/CROD isolates and combined AZM-MLR/CROD isolates(P>0.05).No mutation of A2059G and AZM high-level resistant(AZM-HLR,MIC≥256 mg/L) isolate were found.Among 77 AZM-R isolates,67 sequence types(ST) were identified by NG-MAST,of which 30 types were novel.Most ST were represented by a single isolate.Conclusion AZM-R and CROD isolates,presented in this area,might be deserved continuous surveillance to identify the mechanism of concurrent resistance.

Objective To explore the image quality and diagnostic efficiency of coronary CTA (CCTA) in patients without heart rate (HR) control by optimizing acquisition phase with auto-ECG-gating technology using 256-row wide-volume detector.Methods Totally 200 patients with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) were selected and underwent CCTA with auto-ECG-gating on a 256 row wide detector CT (Revolution CT).Patients were divided into 4 groups according to the real-time HR,group A (n=50):HR≤69 bpm;group B (n=50):HR 70-80 bpm;group C (n=50):HR 81-90 bpm;group D:HR≥91 bpm (n=50).CCTA images quality and diagnostic rate were assessed by two experienced radiologists blindly,and effective radiation dose were compared among 4 groups.Results There were no significant differences of age,sex,and body mass index among 4 groups (all P＞0.05),and there was significant difference of image quality score among 4 groups (P＜0.05).Totally,800 coronary arteries and 2 575 segments in 200 patients were assessed.There had no significant difference of diagnostic rate among four groups derived from the segment,coronary artery and patients (all P＞0.05).The effective radiation dose in A D groups were (1.05t0.48)mSv,(2.41± 1.20)mSv,(1.27±0.55) mSv,(2.66±1.12)mSv,and the difference was significant (F=29.22,P＜0.001).Conclusion It is feasible to perform CCTA in single cardiac cycle in patients with arbitrary heart rate by auto-ECG-gating using Revolution CT equipped widevolume detector.And it can improve image quality and success ratio in patients with moderate and high heart rate.

Objective To examine the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the metacognition assessment scale 2009 (MAS-R 2009).Methods Sixty college students from a medical university in Shenyang were enrolled in the study.All the subjects were required to fill in the basic information questionnaire,IRI-C,SPM,and the Chinese version of the MAS-R 2009 and had to be interviewed.Two to four weeks later,6 college students were randomly selected to be interviewed again.Results Cronbach'sα coefficient of the Chinese version of MAS-R 2009 was 0.934,test-retest reliability of the scale was 0.935 (r ＜ 0.01),and inter-rater reliability of the scale was 0.832 (P ＜ 0.01).The Chinese version of the MAS-R 2009 had good content validity.The correlation coefficient between the items and the subscales in MAS-R 2009 showed high correlation,and the correlation coefficient ranged from 0.456 to 0.905.Conclusion The results indicate that the reliability and validity of the Chinese version of the revised metacognitive assessment scale 2009 has satisfied the psychometric requirements.It has a certain application value for domestic research and scientific research on the ability of mentalization.

Enteral nutrition is an indispensable part of the treatment for critically ill patients. Various authoritative guidelines point out that early enteral nutrition is the key to improve the prognosis of disease. The key to improve and promote standardized enteral nutrition for criti-cally ill patients is the application of guidelines in the clinical practice. Based on clinical practice and theoretical basis, the authors propose a new insight into enteral nutrition and a new nutritional strategy of "individual treatment, circular evaluation, channel basis, quality-quatity balance, step-up achievement" for critically ill patients on basis of a 5W1H mindset.

Objective:To explore the change characteristics of amino acid levels in neonates, so as to provide theoretical basis for accurate clinical interpretation.Methods:By preliminary screening and diagnosis from 32 855 newborns, 32 843 samples were collected using tandem mass spectrometry to inherited metabolic disease (IMD) scree-ning in Sichuan Province from January to December 2018.Afterwards, according to gestational age (1 363 premature infants, 31 468 full-term infants and 12 overdue infants), blood collection time (3-7 days old, 3 095 cases, 8-28 days old, 1 637 cases, and more than 28 days old, 248 cases) and season (7 737 cases in the first quarter, 11 428 cases in the second quarter, 5 482 cases in the third quarter, and 8 196 cases in the fourth quarter), neonates were divided into different study groups.The difference of amino acid level in each group was compared, and the correlation between various influencing factors and metabolic index was analyzed.Results:(1) The distribution of 11 amino acids [alanine(ALA), arginine(ARG), citrulline(CIT), glycine(GLY), leucine+ isoleucine+ hydroxyproline (LEU+ ILE+ PRO-OH), methionine(MET), ornithine(ORN), phenylalanine(PHE), proline(PRO), tyrosine(TYR), and valine(VAL)] in neonates showed non-normally distribution.(2)The distribution of 11 amino acids in different gestational age were tested by nonparametric test, except for PHE( H=0.61, P>0.05)and TYR( H=2.02, P>0.05), and other indicators were significantly different [ALA( H=187.11, P<0.05), ARG( H=23.60, P<0.05), CIT( H=22.90, P<0.05), GLY( H=85.18, P<0.05), LEU( H=56.42, P<0.05), MET( H=18.74, P<0.05), ORN( H=129.27, P<0.05), PRO( H=344.40, P<0.05), and VAL( H=272.92, P<0.05)]. (3) The distribution of 11 amino acids in different blood collection time were significantly different [ALA( H=65.19, P<0.05), ARG( H=404.48, P<0.05), CIT( H=502.13, P<0.05), GLY( H=1 719.44, P<0.05), LEU( H=396.41, P<0.05), MET( H=199.39, P<0.05), ORN( H=31.26, P<0.05), PHE( H=325.49, P<0.05), PRO( H=70.09, P<0.05), TYR( H=159.29, P<0.05), and VAL( H=102.52, P<0.05)]. (4) The distribution of 11 amino acids in different birth seasons were significantly different [ALA( H=401.37, P<0.05), ARG( H=3 229.03, P<0.05), CIT( H=65.45, P<0.05), GLY( H=597.82, P<0.05), LEU( H=1 120.42, P<0.05), MET( H=10 515.18, P<0.05), ORN( H=1 275.23, P<0.05), PHE( H=2 260.17, P<0.05), PRO( H=319.57, P<0.05), TYR( H=884.37, P<0.05), and VAL( H=1 824.49, P<0.05)]. Conclusion:According to different gestational age, season and blood collection time, the metabolism of amino acids in neonates was different.When using tandem mass spectrometry for detection, appropriate interpretation criteria should be selected based on different conditions.

Objective:To detective the cut-off values of amino acid levels in premature infants in Sichuan.Methods:Data of newborns screening for inherited metabolic diseases (IMD) by tandem mass spectrometry in Sichuan Province from January 2018 to December 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.They were divided into premature infant group ( n=2 264, 1 312 males and 952 females) and full-term infant group ( n=53 275, 28 269 males and 25 006 females). The cut-off values of amino acids in dry blood spots were expressed as percentage ( P0.5 - P99.5), and rank sum test was used for comparison between preterm and full-term infants. Results:(1) The distribution of 11 amino acids [alanine (ALA), arginine (ARG), citrulline (CIT), glycine(GLY), leucine (LEU), methionine (MET), ornithine (ORN), phenylalanine (PHE), proline (PRO), tyrosine (TYR) and valine (VAL)] in premature infants were abnormal.(2) The cut-off values of amino acids in premature infants were as follows: ALA: 135.20-552.33 μmol/L, ARG: 1.34-47.04 μmol/L, CIT: 5.66-32.02 μmol/L, GLY: 181.48-909.93 μmol/L, LEU : 71.10-283.29 μmol/L, MET: 4.21-34.51 μmol/L, ORN: 40.58-293.76 μmol/L, PHE: 23.60-106.30 μmol/L, PRO: 77.76-358.24 μmol/L, TYR: 27.52-352.91 μmol/L, VAL: 53.74-228.37 μmol/L.(3) The cut-off values of amino acid in full-term infants were as follows: ALA: 135.20-552.33 μmol/L, ARG: 1.30-42.73 μmol/L, CIT: 5.92-30.35 μmol/L, GLY: 208.17-980.09 μmol/L, LEU: 72.91-287.49 μmol/L, MET: 4.27-33.90 μmol/L, ORN: 48.40-305.59 μmol/L, PHE: 27.63-92.27 μmol/L, PRO: 97.38-372.75 μmol/L, TYR: 40.19-276.54 μmol/L, VAL: 65.75-237.92 μmol/L.(4) Except for PHE ( Z=-0.58, P>0.05), the other indicators were significantly different between 2 groups [ALA ( Z=-15.32, P<0.05), ARG ( Z=-5.62, P<0.05), CIT ( Z=-5.86, P<0.05), GLY ( Z=-14.52, P<0.05), LEU ( Z=-5.62, P<0.05), MET ( Z=-5.22, P<0.05), ORN ( Z=-13.01, P<0.05), PRO ( Z=-22.09, P<0.05), TRY ( Z=-2.09, P<0.05), VAL ( Z=-17.82, P<0.05)]. Conclusions:The establishment of the cut-off values of amino acids in premature infants in Sichuan provides a theoretical basis for laboratory diagnosis of IMD screening, which enhances the accuracy of diagnosis and avoids excessive medical treatment.