Malignant biliary obstructive diseases are caused by various primary or metastatic malignancies of the liver, the biliary tract, and the pancreas, with major clinical manifestations of obstructive jaundice, liver impairment, and cholangitis. Early diagnosis of such patients is difficult, and most patients are in an advanced stage at the time of diagnosis and lose the opportunity for surgical resection. Nonsurgical treatment techniques including biliary drainage and biliary stent implantation play an important role in palliative treatment of patients with unresectable malignant biliary obstructive diseases. The application of new techniques, such as biliary radiofrequency ablation, intraductal brachytherapy, and photodynamic therapy, further promotes the improvement in the effect of nonsurgical treatment methods including biliary drainage. With the help of related research advances, these techniques can be applied in clinical practice in a standardized way.

Acute pancreatitis is a kind of acute inflammatory medium reaction caused by pancreatic enzyme activation within pancreatic tissue by its own digestion.It may induce systemic inflammatory medium reaction and cause multiple organfailure,even cause death of the patients with acute pancreatitis.In recent years,a lot of research data indicate that activation of NF-kappa B and oxidative stress have played an important role in the occurrence and development of acute pancreatitis.Hence treatment of antioxidant supplement to patients with acute pancreatitis is deemed to a new research direction.Multiple studies have shown that simplex or associated antioxidant therapy is beneficial to acute pancreatitispatient with lower infection rate and other complications.At the same time,more studies of antioxidants such as various plant extracts in animal models have made progress.By reviewing the relevant experimental and clinical literature,the activation of NF-kappa B and the effect of oxidative stress on acute pancreatitis and the progress of antioxidant therapy for acute pancreatitis are reviewed.