Objective:We compared the clinical outcomes between β-blocker with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) or angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) without left ventricular systolic dysfunction.Methods:A total of 750 patients who were diagnosed as AMI without left ventricular systolic dysfunction and successfully received percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital from October 2016 to September 2017 were collected retrospectively. We divided the patients into two groups: β-blocker + ACEI group (BB+ ACEI group, n=666) and β-blocker + ARB group (BB+ ARB group, n=84) according to discharge medications. The clinical datas were gathered and the end-point events were followed up. K-M curve was used to describe cumulative survival rate of the two groups. We used Cox regression analysis to compare the clinical outcomes of the two groups. Results:The occurrence of major adverse cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events (MACCE) (8.3% vs 3.4%, HR=2.377, 95% CI: 1.006-5.616, P=0.048), all-cause death (3.6% vs 0.4%, HR=12.951, 95% CI: 1.947-86.159, P=0.008) and non-fatal myocardial infarction (3.6% vs 0.8%, HR=5.231, 95% CI: 1.193-22.934, P=0.028) in the BB+ ARB group was significantly higher than those in the BB+ ACEI group followed up for 13 months. However, there was no difference between the two groups in the incidence of stroke (1.2% vs 1.4%, HR=0.922, 95% CI: 0.117-7.276, P=0.516) and target vessel revascularization (3.6% vs 1.6%, HR=1.607, 95% CI: 0.384-6.729, P=0.516). The cumulative survival rate of BB+ ACEI group was higher than that of BB+ ARB group, with statistically significant difference ( P<0.05). Conclusions:Compared with β-blocker combined with ARB, β-blocker combined with ACEI are more beneficial to reduce the incidence of MACCE, all-cause death and non-fatal myocardial infarction in AMI patients without left ventricular systolic dysfunction after PCI.

Objective:To evaluate the effect of statins combined with PCSK9 inhibitors on coronary artery atherosclerotic plaque, as well as to verify the lipid-lowering effect of the combined therapy.Methods:A computerized search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Wanfang, and CNKI databases was conducted to retrieve published literature from inception to December 20, 2022. The English search terms utilized included "PCSK9 inhibitors," "Alirocumab," "Evolocumab," "plaque," "IVUS," and "OCT." The corresponding Chinese search terms were "PCSK9 inhibitors," "plateau," "intravascular ultrasound," and "optical coherence tomography." The literature that examined the effect of statins alone or in combination with PCSK9 inhibitors on coronary atherosclerotic plaques using intravascular ultrasound or optical coherence tomography was identified. The collected data were subsequently processed using Review Manager (Revman) version 5.4.Results:In the final analysis, nine studies involving 1912 patients were included. The analysis results revealed that compared with statins alone, statins combined with PCSK9 inhibitors significantly reduced the percentage of atherosclerotic volume ( MD: -2.08 mm 3, 95% CI: -2.94 to -1.23 mm 3, P < 0.001), accelerated the regression of atherosclerotic volume ( MD: -1.13 mm 3, 95% CI: -1.49 to -0.77 mm 3, P < 0.001), slightly, but not significantly, reduced the overall atherosclerotic volume ( MD: -6.42 mm 3, 95% CI: -14.34-1.51 mm 3, P = 0.110). Nevertheless, the combined therapy contributed to a significant reduction in atherosclerotic volume ( MD: -5.16 mm 3, 95% CI: -7.09 to -3.23 mm 3, P < 0.001) and significantly increased the fiber cap thickness of thin cap plaques ( MD: 8.46 μm, 95% CI: 5.13-11.79 μm, P < 0.001). Additionally, this combined therapy significantly lowered blood lipid levels. Conclusion:The combination of statins and PCSK9 inhibitors can significantly improve the characteristics and phenotype of atherosclerotic plaques and significantly reduce blood lipid levels. For patients with high cardiovascular risk, it is recommended to initiate treatment with statins combined with PCSK9 inhibitors as soon as possible and maintain it for a long time to ensure more benefits.

Objective:To study the clinical prognosis and related factors affecting optimal medical therapy (OMT) compliance of patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:A prospective study was conducted to select 3 818 patients who were diagnosed with CAD and successfully underwent PCI in TEDA International Cardiovascular Hospital from October 2016 to September 2017. The clinical information and application of OMT during hospitalization and 1 year later were collected for research.The patients were divided into OMT group and non OMT group according to whether they adhered to OMT during follow-up one year after discharge. After comparing the imbalance baseline data of hypertension,diabetes and hyperlipidemia with propensity score,demographic characteristics, coronary revascularization history, CAD, laboratory related laboratory examinations,and the use of OMT drugs were compared between the two groups. Cox regression model was used to analyze the relationship between long-term OMT and clinical prognosis in patients with CAD.Multivariate binary logistic regression was used to analyze the related factors affecting long-term OMT compliance.Results:A total of 3 818 cases of CAD patients were matched by propensity score and 2 596 patients were included in the study. There were 1 609 males and 987 females. The age was (62.51±9.56) years old.One year later,1298 patients (50%) insisted on OMT,including dual antiplatelet therapy(DAPT), statins, β-blockers and ACEI/ARB were 97.0% (2 517/2 596),94.5%(2 454/2 596),69.6% (1 806/2 596) and 64.2% (1 666/2 596), especially angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors / angiotensin receptor blockers and β Receptor blockers decreased the most.Cox regression analysis showed that after adjusting for other factors, compared with non-adherence to OMT group,OMT after PCI was associated with better prognosis ( HR=0.416,95% CI 0.270-0.641, P<0.001). The prognosis of CAD patients with history of old myocardial infarction ( HR=1.804,95% CI 1.070-3.041, P=0.027),cardiac insufficiency ( HR=2.074,95% CI 1.161-3.702, P=0.014),multivessel coronary disease ( HR=2.211,95% CI 1.228-3.983, P=0.008) and BMI>24 ( HR=1.570,95% CI 1.037-2.377, P=0.033) were related to worse clinical outcomes. Multi-factor binary Logistic regression showed that OMT at hospitalization was a strong influencing factor of long-term adherence to OMT ( OR=41.278,95% CI 29.961-56.871, P<0.001). Patients with higher education,employee medical insurance and with history of PCI tend to persist in OMT. Conclusion:The medication compliance of patients with long-term OMT after PCI is still poor,while the high compliance of OMT is related to the lower incidence of adverse cardiovascular events,including death, nonfatal myocardial infarction and stroke. If there is no obvious contraindication,all patients after PCI should adhere to OMT.

【Objective】 To develop a quick and accurate crossmatching test technology without the power equipment and additional reagents before blood transfusion, so as to improve the timeliness and safety of blood transfusion treatment in sudden situations as war or natural disasters. 【Methods】 The irregular antibodies quickly promote coagulants (QPC) were used as the reaction medium reagent. The 200 μL QPC were wrapped in the bursts bead and preset within different recess of the detection tubes. The bursts beads were squeezed with the reagent left in the well, then the blood samples were dropped in the main(recipient plasma: 200 μL, donor 3%—5% RBC: 100 μL) and secondary(donor plasma: 200 μL, recipient 3%—5% RBC: 100 μL)reaction grooves. The result interpretated by hand wrestling or 1 500 g centrifugation of 15 seconds. Meanwhile, the comparing experiments with the prior methods were implemented to evaluate the method’s reliability. 【Results】 The results of the bursting reagent, being stored at 37℃ for one week, were consistent with those of the freshly prepared cross-matching reagent, indicating that the bursting reagent was practical in the field and had good stability at normal temperature. No statistical difference between the sensitivity and the results of the microcolumn gel method was noticed by paired data t test (P>0.05). The parallel cross matching tests of 50 clinical samples were performed by microcolumn gel method and coagulant-bursting technique; the Kappa value was 0.973 2, and irregular antibodies were detected in 2 cases, with concordance rate at 100%, showing good consistency. 【Conclusion】 The improved method is simple and fast, and also safe and reliable for compatibility testing before blood transfusion, which is especially suitable for the field rescue of the wounded in wartime and sudden natural disasters, and is worthy of popularization.