Purpose　The aim is to sulfonize Hunai polysaccharide fr om p leurotus tuber-rigium(Fr.)Sing. and to evaluate the antioxidative activities of the sulfated po lysaccharide (S-HNP).Methods　S-HNP was prepared by the reacti on of Hunai polysaccharide with chlorosulfonic acid-Pyridine. The antioxidative activities o f S-HNP were evaluated as follows: (1) the inhibition effects on Fe2+- Vc inducing the injury of rat liver mitochondria in vitro, (2) the protectiv e ef fect on CuSO4 -Phen-Vc-H2O2 inducing the damage of DNA, (3) the scaven ging effect on O*-2. Results　 S-HNP could protect mitochondria from lipid peroxidation induced by Fe2+-Vc, i ncluding the inhibitions of the increase of TBARS content, the swelling of mitoc hondria and the decrease of membrane fluidity, and protect DNA from the damage induced by CuSO4-Phen-Vc-H2O2， and scavenge O*-2 generated in the sel f-oxidation of pyrogallic acid. Conclusion　S-HNP exhibi ted marked antioxidative activities.

This study investigated the intracellular localization of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) in the relation with chemoresistance in leukemia. pIRES-GFP-ASNS-Flag/Neo expression vector was transiently tansfected into SK-N-MC cells and 297T cells respectively. Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis were performed for cellular localization of ASNS respectively. U937 cells were treated with L-asparaginase for 48 h and examined for endogenous ASNS expression on plasma membrane by immunofluorescence staining. Immunofluorescence staining showed that the transiently expressed ASNS was partly localized on transfected-SK-N-MC cell surface. Moreover, Western blotting exhibited that ASNS expressed both in cytosol and on plasma membrane of transfected-293T cells. Immunofluorescence staining with anti-ASNS-specific monoclonal antibody revealed that endogenous ASNS was localized on the plasma membrane of U937 cells, except for its distribution in the cytosol. In addition, ASNS exhibited a higher expression on plasma membrane after treatment with L-asparaginase as compared with the untreated cells. It was concluded that the subcellular translocation of ASNS may play an important role in L-asparaginase resistance in leukemia cells.

Objectives To evaluate the long-term outcomes of childhood low-or intermediate-risk neuroblastoma (NB) and their relevant prognostic factors. Methods A total of 70 new cases of low-or intermediate-risk NB diagnosed and treated by NB-99 protocol between 1999 and 2008 were analyzed retrospectively. Results Of these 70 NB patients, fourteen patients were in low-risk group and 56 were in intermediate-risk group. Sixty-seven patients reached complete remission (CR) or very good partial remission and 3 (5%) achieved partial remission. Ten patients relapsed. One patient occured second malignant neo-plasm. No patients died of chemotherapy-related adverse events or infections. The 5 year overall survival rate was 85.9%, event-free survival rate was 81.0%. Bone marrow infiltration, age at diagnosis, stage, lactate dehydrogenase level had a significant effect on prognosis. Conclusion Develop cytogenetic and molecular biology tests and pretreatment risk stratification are im-portant for further improvement of treatment protocol.

Betacellulin (BTC) is one of "islets regeneration factors" which received more and more attention these years. BTCe is the C-terminal 50-residue region of mature BTC protein and can bind with erbB-1?erbB-4 receptor. It has the same mitogenic activity on cells as the whole section. BTC and BTCe can improve the level of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion (GSIS) during islets culture in vitro though they had no effect on the acute insulin secretion. BTCe also effectively ameliorated the hyperglycemia of STZ-induced diabetic rats by a single plasmid injection into muscle of rats. It is supposed that BTCe promote the proliferation of PDX-1 positive cells or repair some signal transduction pathway. Perhaps the latter is more important.

Objective To explore the effects of continuing nursing on shortening the time of wound healing and reducing the risk of wound infection following cervical loop eelectrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP). Methods A total of 100 patients receiving cervical LEEP in the Cervical Department of Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital were selected by convenient sampling and divided into the control group (n=50) and the observation group (n=50) according to the time of admission. Patients in the control group received conventional nursing care, while patients in the observation group received continuing nursing on the basis of conventional nursing care as well as regular wound cleaning and dressing change for 6 weeks postoperatively. And multiple methods were used to enhance health education for them step by step. The rate of wound infection and the time of wound healing were compared between the two groups. Results After the intervention, there were statistical differences in the rate of wound infection and the time of wound healing between the two groups (P＜ 0.05). Conclusions Continuing nursing can reduce the rate of wound infection and shorten the time of wound healing following cervical LEEP, and enable the patients to return to society as soon as possible.

[Objective]To explore the micro-ecological mechanism of soil amendment combined with Trichoderma solution in resolving the replant obstacles of Atractylodes macrocephala through studying their effects on the microbial community structure in the rhizosphere soil.[Methods]In pot experiment and field experiment,different soil amendments and Trichoderma inoculants were applied to Atractylodes macrocephala,the survival rate,physiochemical properties of soil and microbial community were detected,as well as analysis of the microenvironmental changes in the rhizosphere.[Results]The number of leaves and survival rate were significantly increased after the application of lime(mainly composed of calcium oxide)and mixed bacterial solution;the activity of soil-urease(S-UE),soil-phosphatase(S-NP),solid-β-glucosidase(S-β-GC),soil-catalase(S-CAT)in the rhizosphere were also increased,indicating that the replant obstacle was alleviated.Meanwhile,the rhizosphere bacteria and fungi were the highest.The sequencing results showed that the bacteria in the rhizosphere soil after the application of lime and mixed bacterial solution were mainly composed of Gemmatimonadetes,Verrucomicrobia,Firmicutes,Actinobacteria,while the fungi were mainly composed of Ascomycetes,Mortierella,Basidiomycetes and Chytridiomycota,after the application of lime and mixed bacterial solution,the proportion of Fusarium decreased,and the proportion of Penicillium increased.[Conclusion]The combination of lime as a soil amendment and Trichoderma can effectively improve the replant disorder of Atractylodes macrocephala and promote the growth of Atractylodes macrocephala,which may be by improving the structure of the microbial communities in the rhizosphere,increasing the abundance of biocontrol bacteria and reducing the abundance of pathogenic bacteria.

This study investigated the intracellular localization of asparagine synthetase (ASNS) in the relation with chemoresistance in leukemia.pIRES-GFP-ASNS-Flag/Neo expression vector was transiently tansfected into SK-N-MC cells and 297T cells respectively.Immunofluorescence and Western blot analysis were performed for cellular localization of ASNS respectively.U937 cells were treated with L-asparaginase for 48 h and examined for endogenous ASNS expression on plasma membrane by immunofluorescence staining.Immunofluorescence staining showed that the transiently expressed ASNS was partly localized on transfected-SK-N-MC cell surface.Moreover,Western blotting exhibited that ASNS expressed both in cytosol and on plasma membrane of transfected-293T cells.Immunofluo-rescence staining with anti-ASNS-specific monoclonal antibody revealed that endogenous ASNS was localized on the plasma membrane of U937 cells,except for its distribution in the cytosol.In addition,ASNS exhibited a higher expression on plasma membrane after treatment with L-asparaginase as compared with the untreated cells.It was concluded that the subcellular translocation of ASNS may play an important role in L-asparaginase resistance in leukemia cells.

Objective:To evaluate the effects of a booster immunization with a candidate tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid and acellular pertussis combined vaccine (Tdap) in a rat model after primary vaccination with diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis and Sabin strain inactivated poliovirus combined vaccine (DTacP-sIPV) or diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis, inactivated poliovirus and haemophilus type b combined vaccine (DTacP-IPV/Hib) for further preclinical study.Methods:Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups and respectively immunized with a self-developed DTacP-sIPV, a marketed DTacP-IPV/Hib and normal saline at 0, 1, and 2 months of age. Serum levels of antibody against each component in each group were detected before immunization and after each dose. A booster dose of the candidate Tdap was given 10 months after primary immunization. Serum levels of antibody against each component in each group were detected before, 1 month and 6 months after the booster immunization.Results:One month after three doses of primary immunization, the geometric mean titers (GMT, Log2) of antibodies against diphtheria toxoid (DT), tetanus toxoid (TT), pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA) and pertactin (PRN) in the DTacP-sIPV group were 17.41, 18.34, 18.11, 19.93 and 13.91, respectively, and the seroconversion rates of these components all reached 100%. Ten months after primary immunization, the GMTs of antibodies against DT, TT, PT, FHA and PRN decreased to 15.17, 14.26, 13.60, 14.51 and 10.39, respectively, and the seroconversion rates remained above 89%. One month after booster immunization, the GMTs of antibodies against DT, TT, PT and FHA in the DTacP-sIPV and DTacP-IPV/Hib groups were 16.49/17.26, 16.80/17.63, 16.70/17.74 and 18.48/19.26, respectively, and the seroconversion rates of these components all reached 100% with no significant difference between the two groups ( P>0.05). The GMTs of anti-PRN antibody in the DTacP-sIPV and DTacP-IPV/Hib groups were 13.07 and 11.00, and the seroconversion rates were 100% and 88%, which were higher in the DTacP-sIPV group than in the DTacP-IPV/Hib group ( P<0.05). Six months after booster immunization, the GMTs of antibodies against DT, TT, PT, FHA and PRN in the DTacP-sIPV and DTacP-IPV/Hib groups decreased to 15.74/14.87, 15.07/15.14, 14.84/15.73, 16.62/16.37 and 11.44/9.96, respectively, and the seroconversion rates remained above 88%. Conclusions:Booster vaccination with the candidate Tdap vaccine induces humoral immune response following primary immunization with DTacP-sIPV or DTacP-IPV/Hib in the Wistar rat model, while the antibody titer decreases with time.

Objective: To evaluate the long-term efficacy and prognostic factors of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) enrolled in Shanghai Children's Medical Center-Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia-2005(SCMC-ALL-2005) multicenter study. Methods: Between May 2005 and December 2014, 1 497 newly diagnosed ALL patients were enrolled and treated in 5 hospitals of SCMC-ALL-2005 study group, using risk-stratified SCMC-ALL-2005 protocol. Risk group classification and treatment intensity were based on clinical features, genetic abnormalities, early response to treatment and levels of minimal residual disease (MRD). Kaplan-Meier method was used to generate overall survival (OS) and event-free survival(EFS) curves. Cox proportional hazards models were used for multivariate analyses. Results: The patients were followed up to December 31, 2016, the median follow-up time was 69 months (24-141 months). The 5-year and 10-year OS rates were (80.0±1.0)% and (76.0±2.0)%. The 5-year and 10-year EFS rates were (69.0±1.0)% and (66.0±2.0)%. The 5-year and 10-year relapse rates were (23.0±1.0)% and (25.0±2.0)%. The 5-year OS and EFS for low risk (LR), intermediate risk (IR) and high risk (HR) were (91.1±1.4)% and (83.3±1.8)%, (79.2±1.5)% and (68.9±1.7)%, (52.9±4.4)% and (30.0±3.8)%, respectively. MRD negative status (<0.01%) on day 55 was seen in 792 patients (82.8%) and positive MRD on day 55 was associated with poor prognosis (OR=1.9, 95%CI: 1.3-2.7, P=0.001). Twenty-four HR patients received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and 17(70.8%) of them were alive and in remission. A total of 164 severe adverse events occurred, 46 of them died, treatment-related mortality was 3.1%. Conclusions In this large sample research, the overall outcome for multi-center SCMC-ALL-2005 study was favorable. This helps to promote the standardized treatment of childhood ALL to the whole country. MRD results on day 55 of induction therapy have important prognostic and therapeutic implications.

Objective To analyze three-dimensional(3D)radiographic characterizations of bone island(BI)in jaw using cone-beam computed tomography(CBCT).Methods CBCT data from four thousand patients were selected,reconstructed and analyzed using NNT 10.0 software.The sagittal,coronal and axial planes were used to analyze the 3D radiographic characteristics of BIs,including the localization,shape,density,boundary,the relationship between BIs and tooth and bone cortex,diameter and anatomical structures and complications involved.Their relationship with gender were analyzed.Results A total of 803 people had BIs,with the prevalence rate of 20.08%,including 338 males with 389 BIs and 465 females with 526 BIs.Both males and females had a dominant BI,and the ratio between male and female was 1∶1.38,but the difference was not statistically significant(P＞0.05).The BIs of both male and female mostly occurred in the mandibular premolars and molars area,and appeared irregular in shape,dense and contact with lingual bone cortex.Mostly BIs were apical type and with unclear boundary.The mean maximum diameter of mesial/distal direction was greater than buccal/lingual direction(P＜0.05).The most commonly involved anatomy structure was the inferior alveolar neural canal,cortical infil-tration and mental foramen.Conclusion There are no significant differences between males and females in the three-dimensional image characteristics of BIs in Chinese populations.CBCT can accurately and comprehensively analyze the 3D radiographic characteris-tics of BI and its relationship with the surrounding teeth and bone.