Objective To determine the value of complexed prostate-specific antigen (cPSA) in predicting metastasis in patients with prostate cancer.Methods From January 2012 to April 2014,the clinical data of 74 patients with newly diagnosed prostate cancer in our hospital was retrospective reviewed.The prostate cancer was diagnosed by transrectal ultrasound guided biopsy and postoperative pathologic diagnosis.The patients were divided to 2 groups according to metastases status.There were 38 patients in the group of metastasis and 36 patients in the group of without metastasis.In metastasis group,the bone metastasis was found in 36 cases.There is only one case with lung metastasis and one case with lymph node metastasis.In the group without metastasis,the T stages classification were T1-T2 in 17 cases and T3-T4 in 19 cases.While,10 cases with T1-T2 stage and 28 cases with T3-T4 stage were confirmed in the group with metastasis.There was no statistical significance of T stages and mean age in two groups (P＞0.05).The level of cPSA in the serum was detected by chemiluminescent immunoassay,the level of tPSA,fPSA were detected by electro-chemiluminescent immunoassay,fPSA/tPSA,cPSA/tPSA were evaluated and the corresponding specificity were calculated.The correlation of age with tPSA,cPSA were analysed.The differences in PSA,fPSA/tPSA,cPSA/tPSA were compared between metastasis and non-metastasis group.ROC curve analysis was used to determine the diagnostic value of cPSA and tPSA,In the meantime,area of ROC curves were compared by Z test.Results The age was not related to the value of tPSA (r=-0.09,P=0.12) and cPSA(r=-0.38,P=0.14).The median levels of tPSA,fPSA,and cPSA are 29.88μg/L,2.18 μg/L and 18.86 μg/L in the group without metastasis,respectively.The median levels of tPSA,fPSA,and cPSA were 410.05 μg/L,51.50 μ.g/L and 290.40 μg/L in the group with metastasis,respectively.Significant differences of those results could be found in two groups (P＜0.05).fPSA/tPSA was 0.07 and cPSA/tPSA was 0.79 in the group without metastasis.fPSA/tPSA was 0.08 and cPSA/tPSA was 0.80 in the group of metastasis.fPSA/tPSA (P=0.77),cPSA/tPSA (P=0.64) in patients with metastasis were not greater than in those without metastasis (P＞0.05).The area under the curve of tPSA and cPSA were 0.83 (95％ CI 0.73-0.93) and 0.82 (95％CI 0.73-0.92) respectively.Analysis of ROC curves showed that the AUC for cPSA is not significant different from tPSA (Z=1.64,P=0.10).The specificity of cPSA was 22.2％ which is higher than that of tPSA (19.4％) at a sensitivity of 92.1％ in predicting metastasis comparing with the patients without metastasis.The sensitivity could reach to 90.0％ when the cut off value of tPSA was 9μg/L or the cut off value of cPSA was 7 μg/L.Conclusions In our study,a preliminary validation that cPSA is useful for predicting the metastasis in patients with prostate cancer was made.

Objective To prepare the 99Tcm-labeled human epidermal growth factor receptor type 2 (HER2) affibody molecule ZHER2:342 and evaluate its receptor binding specificity in vitro.Methods The molecular ZHERa:342 was labeled with 99Tcm using the ligand exchange method.The labeling efficiency and radiochemical purity were measured by HPLC.The major factors,such as the mass of SnC12 and NaOH and reaction time were analyzed,and the optimal method was summarized.Cell binding kinetics and cellular retention of the probe were investigated in HER2-expressing SKOV-3 cells and MDA-MB-231 cells with low HER2 expression respectively.HER2 binding specificity of 99Tcm-ZHER2:342 was analyzed by a pre-injection of excess unlabeled ZHER2:342 to saturate HER2 receptors.One-way analysis of variance and two-sample t test were used.Results The optimal labeling procedure was as follows:5 μg (1 g/L) of ZHER2:342 was mixed with 5 μg of NaOH (1 g/L),then 8.8 μg SnC12(1 g/L,solution) was added,followed by 150 μl (37 MBq) 99TcmO4-solution,and finally the mixture was slightly vortexed and incubated for 1 h at room temperature.99TcmZHER2:342 was stable in vitro with a high labeling efficiency of (98.10± 1.73)％.The radiochemical purity was ＞ 98％,and was more than 85％ after the incubation for 24 h in saline and fresh human serum.The cell binding of 99Tcm-ZHER2:342 with HER2-expressing SKOV-3 cells gradually increased over time with a peak of (9.95± 1.02)％ at 6 h.The binding of 99Tcm-ZHER2:342 in SKOV-3 cells was significantly higher than that in MDA-MB-231 cells at every time point (5.68-9.88 vs 0.56-2.11 ; t:from-34.50 to-13.14,all P＜0.01).The labeled molecular probe retained the capacity to bind specifically to HER2-expressing SKOV-3 cells since the cell binding decreased from (9.95 ± 1.02) ％ to (2.11 ±0.27) ％ after receptor saturation (t =-13.14,P＜0.01).Conclusions 99Tcm-ZHER2:342 has a high labeling efficiency,good stability and optimal binding specificity.These characteristics enable it to be a promising molecular probe for HER2-targeting imaging.

Objective To analyze retrospectively the relationship between protein nutrition index (PNI) and survival conditions in patients with peritoneal dialysis (PD).Methods Various clinical and laboratory indexes of patients with chronic kidney disease from January 2004 to January 2014 were analyzed retrospectively.PNI score was determined by serum albumin (ALB),normalized protein nitrogen presentation rate (nPNA),lean body mass (LBM).According to PNI score,PD patients were divided into four groups:good nutrition status,nutrition status in general,poor nutrition,PEW status.Linear regression analysis was used to analyze determine factors of PNI;analysis of Kaplan-Meier was applied to examine relationship between the protein nutrition status and survival rate;COX regression analysis was used to analyze the risk factors for survival in patients with PD.Results All the indexes,age,complications index,serum Cr,K-Kt/V,T-Kt/V had a linear relationship with PNI.5-year survival rate in the four groups were respectively 95％,92％,65％,23％.Age,complications,PNI index were the survival risk factors of PD patients.Conclusions According to PNI score,evaluation of protein nutritional status of patients with PD could predict survival conditions of PD patients,the higher PNI score,the higher survival rate.

Objective To evaluate the in vitro effect on tumor cell uptake,tumor imaging and in vivo biodistribution of 99Tcm-epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA antisense PNA probe mediated by cationic liposome.Methods The oligonucleotide with sequence complementary to part of the EGFR mRNA antisense PNA was hybridized in an anti-parallel orientation targeted PNA.PNA hybridization complexes were labeled with 99Tcm by ligand exchange.The assembly of lipofectamine and 99Tcm-labeled heteroduplex was achieved by electrostatic interactions,and the radiolabeled purity was determined by reversedphase HPLC (RP-HPLC).The disparities of cell uptake in SKOV3 cells and the differences of biodistribution and molecular imaging in BALB/c nude mice bearing SKOV3 xenografts between lipofectanine-mediated 99Tcm-EGFR mRNA antisense PNA (group 1) and 99Tcm-EGFR mRNA antisense PNA (group 2) were analyzed.Two-sample t (or t') test and Wilcoxon rank sum test were used for statistical analysis.Results The labeling rates of both group 1 and group 2 were more than 95％ within 6 h.The cell uptake at 1,2,4,6,12,24 h after injection was (28.90±1.12)％,(32.76±1.20)％,(38.20±3.11)％,(41.23±1.60)％,(46.63±1.55)％ and (46.78±2.14)％ in group 1,and was (3.51±0.39)％,(3.90±0.40)％,(4.69±0.18)％,(5.91±0.26)％,(5.30±0.22)％ and (5.39±0.17)％ in group 2 respectively (t'=47.11-58.67,Z=2.80,all P＜0.05).The retention ratios showed significant difference between the two groups (t'=7.25-11.55,Z=2.80,all P＜0.05).The SKOV3 tumor could be visualized in both groups at 1 h post injection but much better visualized in group 1.The T/NT ratios were higher in group 1 at all time points (t =3.96,t'=12.65-14.69,Z=2.83-5.29,all P＜0.05).The T/NT ratios at uptake peak were 5.02 and 3.95,respectively.The probe accumulated mainly in tumor,kidneys and liver.Tumor uptake increased with time ((1.49±0.09) ％ID/g and (2.15±0.21) ％ID/g at 1 h,(3.90±0.65) ％ID/g and (5.00±0.10) ％ID/g at 6 h) after lipofectamine treatment.The ratios of tumor to contralateral muscle were also higher in group 1 (t =11.24,t' =3.96-11.94,all P＜0.05).Conclusions Lipofectamine-mediation can significantly improve the intracellular delivery of radionuclide molecular probe.Lipofectamine-mediated 99Tcm-EGFR mRNA antisense PNA can greatly improve imaging contrast and visualization of EGFR-over-expressing tumors.

This study aims to investigate the current situation of the enrollment , training model and career planning of medical students in the targeted admission program .After analyzing the implementation process of this targeted admission policy in medical education , we raised some feasible strategies to increase the attraction and reten-tion of health professionals in rural China .The study covered 4 medical universities in central and western China .A cohort of 308 medical graduates from this targeted admission program were recruited in June 2015 .A baseline survey , including questionnaire survey , in-depth interviews and the focus group discussions , were conducted right before their graduation .The first follow-up online survey was done 6 months after their graduation .he findings of this investiga-tion show that 72.9%of the investigated students in the program used to live in rural areas before 15 years old.The average annual household income was 28,200 Yuan.The top three reasons of choosing this program were guaranteed job after graduation , low performance in the college entrance examination , and wavier of tuition fee .There were sig-nificant differences of implementation of this policy between different provinces , especially the contract-signing and job deployment .Income and working environment were the main influencing factors of the medical graduates 'job-see-king intention .Based on the findings of this study , it can be concluded that the targeted admission program is rather successful in attracting medical graduates for rural health services .However , extra efforts are needed to improve the implementation of the policy and to retain the medical graduates in rural area .

Objective:To develop a method for the rapid determination of 15 elements such as Al,Ca,Cr,Mg,Zn,K,B,Sr, Cd,Ba,Pb,As,Sb,Na and Li in ibuprofen injection by ICP-MS. Methods:After diluted by 2% nitric acid solution,the samples was determined directly by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry(ICP-MS)with the online internal standard to correct matrix interference and signal drifting. Results:The detection limits of the method were ranged from 0. 031 to 5. 1 μg·L-1 . The average recoveries were within the range of 82. 6% -107% and RSDs were all less than 5% . Conclusion:The method is rapid, accurate and highly sensitive,which can provide technical support for the quality control of ibuprofen injection.

Objective:To assess the effects of a 12-month vitamin D 3 intervention on cognitive function and blood inflammatory cytokines in subjects with Alzheimer's disease(AD). Methods:Two hundred and ten AD patients were randomly divided into the intervention and control groups, with 105 patients in each group.The intervention group received vitamin D 3 800 U/day and the control group received a placebo for 12 months.Repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to evaluate the effects of vitamin D and placebo on cognitive performance and blood inflammatory cytokines at baseline, month 6 and month 12. Results:During the follow-up, serum 25(OH)D 3( F=712.086, P<0.001)and 1, 25(OH) 2D 3( F=372.038, P<0.001)concentrations in the intervention group were significantly higher than those in the control group.Changes in FSIQ, VIQ and PIQ between the groups, between different time points and with interaction between the variables taken into account were statistically significant(all P<0.001). Compared with the control group, interleukin-6(IL-6)( F=341.344, P<0.001)and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)( F=9.580, P<0.001)levels in the intervention group were significantly decreased, and the ratio of Aβ40 to Aβ42 was increased( F=4.617, P=0.010). There were interaction effects between group and time.Except for intervention effects, the baseline concentration of 25(OH)D 3 was positively correlated with scores of FSIQ( β=0.016, P=0.031)and VIQ( β=0.017, P=0.031). Conclusions:Daily oral vitamin D 3 supplementation(800 U/day)for 12 months may improve cognitive function and change inflammatory cytokines in elderly patients with AD.

OBJECTIVE To compare the phar macokinetics o f ligustrazine hydrochlori de，salvianic acid and rosemarinic acid from Shenxiong glucose injection （SGI）in normal and acute myocardial ischemia （AMI）rats. METHODS Male SD rats were randomly divided into normal group and model group ，with 9 rats in each group. AMI model was established by isoproterenol hydrochloride modeling method. Three rats in each group were selected for model verification. The remaining 6 rats in each group were given SGI （1.2 mL/kg）or equal volum of normal saline via tail vein ；0.3 mL blood was collected through orbital venous bush 0.083，0.167，0.333，0.5，0.75，1，1.5，2，3，5 h after administration. Using luteoloside as internal standard ，the plasma concentrations of ligustrazine hydrochloride ，salvianic acid and rosemarinic acid were determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Pharmacokinetic parameters were fitted by WinNonlin 8.1 software，and statistical analysis was performed by SPSS 18.0 software. RESULTS The linear ranges of ligustrazine hydrochloride ，salvianic acid and rosmarinic acid were 0.06-29.96，0.01-5.15 and 0.006-3.09 μ g/mL（all r＞0.99），respectively. The results of methodological investigation were all in line with the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia （2020 edition）. Compared with normal rats ，CLz of ligustrazine hydrochloride in AMI model rats was significantly increased （P＜0.05）；t1/2 and Vz of salvianic acid were significantly prolonged or increased （P＜0.05）；but the cmax and AUC 0－5 h were significantly decreased （P＜0.05）；AUC0－5 h of rosmarinic acid was significantly decreased （P＜0.05）. CONCLUSIONS The exposure levels of salvianic acid and rosmarinic acid in SGI are lower in AMI model rats than in normal rats ，and the elimination of ligustrazine hydrochloride in AMI model rats is stronger than that in normal rats.