Antenatal corticosteroids (ACS) have been used clinically for more than half a century. They effectively reduce the incidence of preterm-related complications, such as neonatal respiratory distress syndrome (NRDS). Based on the significant beneficial effect in singleton pregnancies, several international guidelines recommend that ACS for twin pregnancies refer to their singleton pregnancies protocol. However, the prevention effect of ACS on NRDS in twin pregnancy is inconsistent. This review summarizes the effects of ACS on the prevention of NRDS in twin pregnancy to provide a reference for clinical management and further study.

In this paper , 2280 strains of suspicious Shigella c culture were detected by the diagnostic typing phage set for Enterobacteriaceae, the routine identification of them were carried oat at the same time . The results showed that 100% of shigella cultures were lysed with 10~3RTD and 99.9% lysed with 1RTD of phage Sh. 12.3% of 65 non-shigeUa cultures agglutinating with typing serum of shigeUa was lysed with 10~3RTD, 4.6% lysed with 1RTD of phage Sh. The determination of lytic-pattern of 2215 shigella culture indicated that only 3 strains of Boyd 5 of lytic-pattern 3 were not reported in literature, the rest strains were consistent to fomer studies. The nonshigella cultures lysed by Sh 10~3RTD could be excluded with 1RTD and its lytic-pattern. 20 strains of Enteroinvasive Escherichia coli possessing shigeUa-related antigens could be differentiated by Sh 10~3RTD. 1RTD and its lytic-pattern.

We report a woman with twin pregnancy who suffered from repeated late postpartum hemorrhage at 16 days and 22 days after a cesarean section. Tortuous myometrial vessels with significant flow signal on the uterus were discovered through color Doppler ultrasonography. In both occasions, vaginal bleeding was reduced after uterotonic administration, and Doppler ultrasound found gradually narrowed tortuous tubular myometrial vessels and no further massive vaginal bleeding. Regular Doppler ultrasonography follow-up is of vital importance for the diagnosis and monitoring of recurrent late postpartum hemorrhage.

Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is a kind of autoimmune disease which has complex clinical manifestations.The treatment is diverse and controversial but the effect is uncertain.Nonsurgical treatment is particularly critical in the process of diseases.However, there is no uniform standard for clinical use among various methods,which often makes it difficult to develop the treatment program.This paper summarizes and compares the methods that have been proven or are expected to be effective in the treatment of TAO in recent years, which committed to provide a reference for clinicians.