Objective To detect the inhibitory effect of siliver nanoparticles loaded titanium nanotubes on staphylococcus aureus, and provide a theoretical basis for implant local application. Methods Orderly arrangement of titania nanotubes produced by anodic oxidation, loaded silver nanoparticals by situ replacement. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM) were used to detect the morphology topology of silver nanoparticals, titanium nanotubes and siliver particals loaded titanium nanotubes. The minimum inhibitory concentration of silver nanoparticles was calculated. The antibacterial of planktonic bacteria was detected 1 day, 3 days and 5 days after culturing staphylococcus aureus on siliver particals loaded titanium nanotubes. The inhibitory bacterial adhesion properties were detected by scanning electron microscopy. Results The uniform and orderly diameter of 80～120 nm TiO2 nanotubes were prepared under 18 V voltage, loaded diameter of 20 nm silver nanoparticals, which effectively inhibited adhesion and proliferation of staphylococcus aureus. Conclusion Titanium nanotubes produced by 18 V have a stronger drug loading capacity. The 100 mmol/L silver nanopartical solution loaded nanotubes can effectively inhibit staphylococcus aureus adhesion and proliferation within three days.

Objective To investigate the nutritional risk of hospitalized infants with severe pneumonia and its relationship with clinical outcome. Methods Totally 113 infants with severe pneumonia admitted to pediatric intensive care unit (PICU)were enrolled in the study. Nutritional risks were screened by STRONGkids, and the nutritional were assessment with WHO Anthro. Clinical outcomes were recorded and analyzed, including mechanical ventilation, length of PICU stay, total hospital expenses, prognosis, and biochemical test index. Results A total of 44 infants (38.9％) had high nutritional risk, 49 (43.4％) had medium nutritional risk, 20 (17.7％) had low nutritional risk when they admitted to PICU. A total of 59 (52.2％) infants were malnourished when they admitted to PICU. There was a significant correlation between the degree of malnutrition and nutritional risk (r =0.574, P<0.01).The incidence of high nutritional risk was significantly higher in 28d～1year-old group than in 1～3 year-old group (χ2=20.46, P<0.01). Nearly 42.5％(48/113) of the children had congenital disease and had higher incidence of high nutritional risk (χ2=11.375, P=0.003) and higher incidence of malnutrition (χ2=10.083, P=0.001) than those without congenital disease. The rate of mechanical ventilation (P=0.028), the duration of mechanical ventilation (P<0.01), total hospital expenses (P=0.002) and the incidence of poor prognosis(P=0.014) were significantly higher in high nutritional risk group than the low nutritional risk group. The retinol binding protein in the high nutrition risk group was significantly lower than the low nutrition risk group (χ2=6.333, P=0.021). Conclusions High nutritional risk and malnutrition are common in infants with severe pneumonia. Malnutrition and nutritional risk are increased in patients less than 1 year old or suffering from congenital disease. Patients with high nutritional risk are more likely to have worse clinical outcomes. STRONGkids is a valid tool for nutritional risk screening in hospitalized children, and early nutrition support is recommended.

Objective:To explore the MRI features of neonatal deep cerebral arterial infarctions.Methods:The medical and MRI datas of 23 neonates with deep cerebral arterial infarctions from January 2011 to December 2018 in Beijing Children′s Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. Both 11 males and 12 females with ages between 1-28 d were recruited and MRI were performed within 2-20 d after symptom onset. The MRI featurs including location, morphology, signal characteristics, enhancement features and other accompanied signs were reviewed.Results:A total of 15 cases with arterial infarction and 8 cases with complication of purulent meningitis were identified. The median age at presentation were 2 d and 7 d respectively. The unilateral involvement were demonstrated in all neonates with arterial infarctions. Among them, 11 had deep infarcts and the main branch of the middle cerebral artery was involved in 4 neonates. MRI showed slightly hypo-intensity on T 1WI and slightly hyper-intensity on T 2WI with indistinct boundary and focal punctate hyper-intensity on T 1WI and hypo-intensity on T 2WI. In 8 cases secondary to purulent meningitis, unilateral involvement was found in 5 cases and bilateral involvement in 3 cases. All cases showed hypo-intensity on T 1WI and hyper-intensity on T 2WI with indistinct boundary. Among them, 7 cases were heterogeneous, with small cystic changes which appeared as slightly hyper-intensity on T 1WI and slightly hypo-intensity on T 2WI peripherally, as well as nodular or patchy restricted diffusion. Marked swelling of the lesion was found in 6 cases. Multiple patchy or ring enhancement was revealed in 5 cases. Iso-intensity and restricted diffusion in posterior horn of the lateral ventricle were found in 2 cases. Restricted diffusion in frontotemporal subarachnoid space was found in 5 cases. One case showed subdural effusion. Conclusion:Neonatal deep cerebral arterial infarctions have certain characteristic appearance on MRI. Lesions secondary to purulent meningitis can be bilateral involvement with heterogeneous MRI intensities, and different period of infarction signs could be found concurrently. MRI is beneficial to the differential diagnosis.

According to the World Health Organization's world report on hearing, nearly 2.5 billion people worldwide will suffer from hearing loss by 2050, which may contribute to a severe impact on individual life quality and national economies. Sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) occurs commonly as a result of noise exposure, aging, and ototoxic drugs, and is pathologically characterized by the impairment of mechanosensory hair cells of the inner ear, which is mainly triggered by reactive oxygen species accumulation, inflammation, and mitochondrial dysfunction. Though recent advances have been made in understanding the ability of cochlear repair and regeneration, there are still no effective therapeutic drugs for SNHL. Chinese herbal medicine which is widely distributed and easily accessible in China has demonstrated a unique curative effect against SNHL with higher safety and lower cost compared with Western medicine. Herein we present trends in research for Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of SNHL, and elucidate their molecular mechanisms of action, to pave the way for further research and development of novel effective drugs in this field.