OBJECTIVEThe clinical results of restoring defective teeth with two types of glass fiber prothetic systems is investigated to acquire clinical experience for further application of glass fiber posts with independent intellectual property rights.

METHODSA total of 120 out-patients with restored defective teeth were selected from the Department of Stomatology, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and randomly divided into two groups. OUYA FIBER posts and Tenax Fiber White posts were used to restore defective teeth in the experimental group and the control group, respectively. Clinical evaluation was conducted one week and three months post-restoration.

RESULTSBoth clinical satisfactory rates of OUYA FIBER posts and Tenax Fiber White posts were higher than 98% one week post-restoration and higher than 96% three months post-restoration. No significant differences were observed between the clinical results of restoring defective teeth with the two types of fiber posts. Throughout the healing process, no root canal fracture or marginal staining were observed.

CONCLUSIONOUYA FIBER post and Tenax Fiber White post showed similar clinical outcomes during the period of observation in this study. However, the long-term effects should be observed in future studies.

Objective:To explore the influence of Shenhong Tongluo Granules in the lipid levels,atherosclerosis plaques and apoptosis in the plaques of atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knokout mice,and to clarify the mechanism of Shenhong Tongluo Granules in anti-atherosclerosis.Methods:Forty SPF male mice aged six-week old were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,low dose of traditional chinese medicine (TCM) group and high dose of TCM group (n=10)after fed adaptively for 1 week.The mice in normal control group were fed with normal diet continuously, the mice in other three groups were fed with high fat diet to establish atherosclerosis model,and then the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were respectively given Shenhong Tongluo Granules (5.06 and 10.12 g·kg-1 · d-1 )by gavage for 6 weeks. The levels of serum total cholesterol (TC),triglycerides (TG),low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)of the mice in various groups were measured after the eyeball blood was collected.The aortic arch tissue was separated,and the morphotogy and the areas of atherosclerotic plaques were observed and calculated by HE staining;the apoptosis in plaques of the mice was evaluated by TUNEL method, and the apoptosis index was calculated. The expressions of apoptosis-assoicated gene Bcl-2 and Bax protein were measured by immunohistochemical staining.Results:The serum level of TG in low dose of TCM group was lower than that in model group (P <0.05);the serum levels of HDL-C in low and high doses of TCM groups were lower than that in model group (P <0.05 or P <0.01);the serum levels of TG and HDL-C in high dose of TCM group was higher than that in low dose of TCM group (P <0.05).The areas of atherosclerotic plaques of the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were significantly smaller than that in model group (P <0.01).The apoptosis index of mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were significantly lower than that in model group (P <0.01);the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein in atherosclerosis plaques of the mice in low and high doses of TCM groups were lower than that in model group,while the expression levels of Bax were significantly higher than that in model group (P <0.05 or P <0.01).Conclusion:Shenhong Tongluo Granules could effectively reduce the serum lipid level of ApoE-/-mice,meanwhile it could inhibit apoptosis by regulating the expressions of Bcl-2 and Bax protein,and then inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic plaques.

Objective To monitor ventilator-associated event (VAE) for the first time in an intensive care unit (ICU) in China,understand the applicability,incidence,and clinical significance of VAE in China.Methods Targeted monitoring on VAE was performed among patients ≥18 years and with mechanical ventilation (MV)＞2 days in the ICU of a hospital between January 2014 and September 2015,incidence of VAE was calculated,and patients were grouped according to whether or not they had VAE,prognostic factors were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 1 004 patients were monitored,the total hospital stay was 13 795 days in patients who used ventilator,307 (30.58％) cases of VAE occurred,incidence of VAE per 1 000 ventilator-days was 22.25.Univariate analysis showed that patients with VAE had longer length of ICU stay and MV,and higher mortality rate than patients without VAE when they moved out of ICU (all P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that VAE was independent risk factor for length of ICU stay,duration of MV,as well as mortality when patients moved out of ICU(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Judgment of VAE is based on MV parameters,it is more objective and accurate.There is a high incidence of VAE among ICU patients,it may lead to poor clinical outcomes,and has good values for the targeted monitoring on ICU patients in large comprehensive hospitals of China.

Cancer stem cells (CSCs) and angiogenesis play important roles in generation and development of malignant tumours. The number of researches concerned both of them is increasing rapidly and many impressive conclusions have been achieved based on recent studies. It is indicated that the CSCs have complicated interaction with the adjacent vascular microenvironment and they act on the disease progression together. CSCs may enhance angiogenesis while the vascular microenvironment has effects on maintenance and even induction of stemness, and new illustrations of mechanisms are constantly obtained. In this review, we summarize the current research status of mutual actions between CSCs and the vascular microenvironment, and also overview the latest progresses about relevant targeted therapies, to provide advisable information for future preclinical and clinical explorations.
Humans ; Neoplasms ; blood supply ; pathology ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; pathology ; physiology ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Tumor Microenvironment

In order to investigate the angiogenic effect of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), two parts of experiment were performed. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was used for in vivo angiogenic research. The chick embryos were divided into 4 groups: ICAM-1 group (divided into 3 subgroups, I, II and III) for screening the angiogenic effect of ICAM-1 by adding different concentrations of ICAM-1 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 microg/microL) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup; Anti-ICAM-1 group A (divided into 2 subgroups, I and II) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate the effect of ICAM-1 on the survival of microvessels through observing whether Anti-ICAM-1 could induce involution of the microvessels on CAMs; Anti-ICAM-1 group B (divided into 2 subgroups, I and II) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 microL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 6 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate whether ICAM-1 involved in embryonic angiogenesis through observing the growth of microvessels on CAMs; Control group: ICAM-1 or Anti-ICAM-1 was substituted by PBS 5 muL on the day 10 or day 6 after incubation. Three days later, the CAMs were photographed in vivo, excised, sectioned and the number of microvessels was counted. In ICAM-1 group, there was increased number of microvessels arranged radially with "spoked-wheel" pattern around the gelatin sponges. The new microvessels growing perpendicularly to gelatin sponges were observed. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in 3 subgroups was higher than that in control group (P<0.01), however, there was no significant difference among the 3 subgroups (P>0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group A, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of ICAM-1 group. Few new microvessels were detected in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in subgroup II was lower than that in control group (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the number of the microvessels around the sponges between subgroup I and control group (P>0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group B, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of control group. New microvessels were very scarce in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in the 2 subgroups were less than that in control group (P<0.01), and there was significant difference between the 2 subgroups (P<0.05). It was suggested that ICAM-1 could induce angiogenesis and support the survival of microvessels, and ICAM-1 was involved in embryonic angiogenesis.

Objective:To observe whether 10.6 μm infrared laser moxibustion provides greater pain and stiffness relief and improves joint function in patients with knee osteoarthritis(KOA)compared with sham laser moxibustion. Methods:A total of 178 patients with KOA were randomly divided into a CO2 laser moxibustion group and a sham laser moxibustion group by block randomization method.Patients in the two groups received 10.6 μm infrared laser moxibustion or sham laser moxibustion treatment symmetrically at bilateral Dubi(ST35),respectively.Patients in both groups received 20 min of treatment,3 times per week for 4 weeks.Treatment effects were assessed by changes in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities osteoarthritis index(WOMAC)before treatment,at mid-treatment(2 weeks),at the end of treatment(4 weeks),and 4 weeks after treatment.Completion time for walking 50 yards was evaluated as a secondary measurement. Results:There were no statistical differences in the WOMAC scores for pain,stiffness,and function between the two groups before treatment(P>0.05).Patients in the CO2 laser moxibustion group experienced greater improvement in WOMAC pain,stiffness,and function scores at mid-treatment,the end of treatment,and 4 weeks after treatment(P<0.05).No significant inter-group difference was found at each assessment of the 50-yard walking time(P>0.05). Conclusion:Compared with the sham laser moxibustion,10.6 μm laser moxibustion can significantly reduce pain and improve knee joint stiffness and function in patients with KOA.

Objective To test the expression of MIF in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs)from patients with Cry-tococcal Meningitis and further discuss its clinical significance.Methods Peripheral blood from 42 patients with Crytococcal Meningitis diagnosed in Changhai Hospital,Shanghai and 42 healthy individuals examined at the same time was collected from August,2012 to November,2015.PBMCs were separated by density gradient centrifugation method,mRNA relative expression of MIF in PBMCs was measured by PCR,the level of MIF,IL-17,IL-1β,TNF-α,IFN-γand IL-4 in plasma was tested by Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The comparison for expression level of cytokines between the two groups was by two-independent samples t test.Pearson correlation coefficient was used to measure the relation between MIF and other cytokines.Results The protein levels of MIF in experimental and controlled groups were 34.17±7.88 ng/ml vs 10.89±2.76 ng/ml(t=18.07,P<0.0001),while relative expression of RNA was 2.87±0.94 vs 1.95±0.89(t=4.606,P<0.0001),and there was statistical significance (P<0.005).Pearson correlation analysis showed that MIF was positively related with IL-1β,IL-17 (r=0.467,0.401,P<0.01),with statisticaldifference.Conclusion MIF may involve in the im-mune regulation for Crytococcal Meningitis by affecting the secretion and function of cytokines as IL-1β,IL-17,and it was potential target and monitored biomarker for this disease.

In order to investigate the angiogenic effect of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), two parts of experiment were performed. Chick embryo chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay was used for in vivo angiogenic research. The chick embryos were divided into 4 groups: ICAM-1 group (divided into 3 subgroups, Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ) for screening the angiogenic effect of ICAM-1 by adding different concentrations of ICAM-1 (0.1, 0.2 and 0.3 μg/μL) 5 μL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup; Anti-ICAM-1 group A (divided into 2 subgroups, Ⅰ and Ⅱ) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 μL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 10 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate the effect of ICAM-1 on the survival of microvessels through observing whether Anti-ICAM-1 could induce involution of the microvessels on CAMs; Anti-ICAM-1 group B (divided into 2 subgroups, Ⅰ and Ⅱ ) by adding different concentrations of Anti-ICAM-1 (1:100, 1:50) 5 μL into the chick embryo CAMs on the day 6 after incubation for every subgroup to evaluate whether ICAM-1 involved in embryonic angiogenesis through observing the growth of microvessels on CAMs; Control group: ICAM-1 or Anti-ICAM-1 was substituted by PBS 5 μL on the day 10 or day 6 after incubation. Three days later, the CAMs were photographed in vivo, excised, sectioned and the number of microvessels was counted. In ICAM-1 group, there was increased number of microvessels arranged radially with "spoked-wheel" pattern around the gelatin sponges. The new microvessels growing perpendicularly to gelatin sponges were observed. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in 3 subgroups was higher than that in control group (P＜0.01), however, there was no significant difference among the 3 subgroups (P＞0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group A, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of ICAM-1 group. Few new microvessels were detected in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in subgroup Ⅱ was lower than that in control group (P＜0.01). There was no significant difference in the number of the microvessels around the sponges between subgroup Ⅰ and control group (P＞0.05). In anti-ICAM-1 group B, the radially arranged microvessels were very unclear around the sponges contrast to that of control group. New microvessels were very scarce in the center of the sponges. The number of the microvessels growing in the CAM mesenchymes around the sponges in the 2 subgroups were less than that in control group (P＜0.01), and there was significant difference between the 2 subgroups (P＜0.05). It was suggested that ICAM-1 could induce angiogenesis and support the survival of microvessels, and ICAM-1 was involved in embryonic angiogenesis.

Objective The clinical results of restoring defective teeth with two types of glass fiber prothetic systems is investigated to acquire clinical experience for further application of glass fiber posts with independent intellectual property rights. Methods A total of 120 out-patients with restored defective teeth were selected from the Department of Stomatology, Beijing Xuanwu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology and randomly divided into two groups. OUYA FIBER posts and Tenax Fiber White posts were used to restore defective teeth in the experimental group and the control group, respectively. Clinical evaluation was conducted one week and three months post-restoration. Results Both clinical satisfactory rates of OUYA FIBER posts and Tenax Fiber White posts were higher than 98% one week post-restoration and higher than 96% three months post-restoration. No significant differences were observed between the clinical results of restoring defective teeth with the two types of fiber posts. Throughout the healing process, no root canal fracture or marginal staining were observed. Conclusion OUYA FIBER post and Tenax Fiber White post showed similar clinical outcomes during the period of observation in this study. However, the long-term effects should be observed in future studies.

ObjectiveTo explore the application effect of outcome-based education model in clinical teaching for neurosurgery nursing students. MethodsBy convenience sampling, the nursing students on placement rotation in Department of Neurosurgery in Nanfang Hospital of Southern Medical University from August 2016 to July 2017 were selected and assigned into the control group (n=55), and those from August 2017 to July 2018 were put into the observation group (n=51). According to the requirements of the curriculum, the traditional teaching method was adopted for the control group, on the basis of that, the outcome-based education model was adopted for the observation group. The two groups of nursing students rotated in the Department of Neurosurgery for four weeks. Two independent sample t-test was used to compare the score of theoretical achievement, clinical achievement, Clinical Communication Ability Scale and Problem-solving Ability Scale between the two groups. ResultsThe average theoretical and operational scores of nursing students in the control group were (91.71±3.28) and (89.38±5.39) respectively. The average theoretical and operational scores of nursing students in the observation group were (94.06±2.73) and (91.71±4.67), respectively. There were significantly statistical differences between the two groups (P＜0.05). The total score of Clinical Communication Ability Scale of nursing students in the observation group was (90.08±7.43), higher than that of the control group (83.38 ±7.07), there were significantly statistical differences between the two groups (P＜ 0.01);the scores of Problem-solving Ability Scale of nursing students in the observation group were higher than that of the control group (P＜ 0.01), there was significantly statistical difference between the two groups. ConclusionsThe outcome-based education model in clinical teaching for neurosurgery nursing students can effectively improve the nursing students' theoretical and operational performance, enhance their clinical communication skills and problem-solving ability and is conducive to cultivating excellent practical talents in clinical practice.