To improve the oral medical students' entrepreneurial ability, in accordance with the requirements of national innovation and entrepreneurship training plan for the college students,Zhaoqing Medical College launches the entrepreneurship training project-establishing and managing private dental clinics, aiming at the development trend of China medical industry and professional characteristics. The project fully mobilizes students' initiative, enables them to learn how to establish, operate and manage the community oral clinic, stimulates students' entrepreneurial spirit and improves their ability.

OBJECTIVE To analyze the correlation between number of tissue eosinophils(Eos) and blood Eos levels in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps(CRSwNP), and to investigate if tissue and blood eosinophilia predicts disease severity and prognosis in CRSwNP. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 102 patients, who diagnosed with CRSwNP was carried out in this study. Surgical specimens were evaluated for degree of tissue Eos, which was compared with blood Eos. Patients were divided into two groups according to the results of endoscopy one year after surgery: recurrent and non-recurrent group. Statistical analysis was performed to compare tissue and blood Eos and CT Lund-Mackay scores. RESULTS Blood and tissue Eos in recurrent group was significantly higher than that in non-recurrent group(P=0.032, 0.033, 0.017). There was not a statistical difference of CT scores between two groups(P =0.089). There was a significant correlation between tissue Eos and absolute number of blood Eos(r=0.637, P=0.000) as well as between tissue Eos and percentage of blood Eos(r=0.542, P=0.000). However Eos and CT scores were not correlated statistically(P>0.05). CONCLUSION Blood Eos levels can predict the degree of Eos infiltration in nasal polyps. Blood and tissue Eos correlate with prognosis.

Objective To monitor ventilator-associated event (VAE) for the first time in an intensive care unit (ICU) in China,understand the applicability,incidence,and clinical significance of VAE in China.Methods Targeted monitoring on VAE was performed among patients ≥18 years and with mechanical ventilation (MV)＞2 days in the ICU of a hospital between January 2014 and September 2015,incidence of VAE was calculated,and patients were grouped according to whether or not they had VAE,prognostic factors were analyzed statistically.Results A total of 1 004 patients were monitored,the total hospital stay was 13 795 days in patients who used ventilator,307 (30.58％) cases of VAE occurred,incidence of VAE per 1 000 ventilator-days was 22.25.Univariate analysis showed that patients with VAE had longer length of ICU stay and MV,and higher mortality rate than patients without VAE when they moved out of ICU (all P＜0.05).Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that VAE was independent risk factor for length of ICU stay,duration of MV,as well as mortality when patients moved out of ICU(all P＜0.05).Conclusion Judgment of VAE is based on MV parameters,it is more objective and accurate.There is a high incidence of VAE among ICU patients,it may lead to poor clinical outcomes,and has good values for the targeted monitoring on ICU patients in large comprehensive hospitals of China.

Objective:To observe the inhibiting effects of manual acupuncture(MA)on bladder cell apoptosis in rats with diabetic neurogenic bladder(DNB)based on the protein and mRNA expression of B-cell lymphoma-leukemia(Bcl)-2,Bcl-2-associated X(Bax)protein,caspase-3,and the protein expression of α-smooth muscle actin(α-SMA),transforming growth factor(TGF)-β in the bladder tissue. Methods:A DNB rat model was established via intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin(STZ).The rats were randomly divided into a control group,a model group,and an MA group,with 10 rats in each group.For the MA group,MA was applied after modeling.The body mass,fasting blood glucose(FBG),bladder wet weight,and bladder histomorphology were observed.Protein and mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2,Bax,and caspase-3 and the protein expression of α-SMA and TGF-β in the bladder tissue were determined.The apoptotic index of bladder cells was also evaluated. Results:After STZ injection,compared with the control group,the model group and the MA group both showed higher FBG from week 3 and lower body mass from week 9(P<0.05),and had a larger bladder wet weight(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the MA group showed a smaller bladder wet weight(P<0.05).The histopathological evaluation indicated that MA improved muscle fiber alignment and detrusor cell compensatory hypertrophy in the bladder tissue.In addition,compared with the control group,the apoptotic index increased significantly in the model group and the MA group(P<0.05);the protein and mRNA expression levels of Bax and caspase-3 and the protein expression level of TGF-β in the bladder tissue in the model group and the MA group increased significantly(P<0.05),while the protein and mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 and the protein expression level of α-SMA in the bladder tissue decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with the model group,the apoptotic index of the MA group decreased significantly(P<0.05);the protein and mRNA expression levels of Bax and caspase-3 and the protein expression level of TGF-β in the bladder tissue decreased significantly(P<0.05),while the protein and mRNA expression levels of Bcl-2 and the protein expression level of α-SMA in the bladder tissue increased significantly(P<0.05). Conclusion:MA can protect the bladder by inhibiting the excessive apoptosis of bladder cells,which may be related to the down-regulation of Bax and caspase-3 proteins and mRNAs and TGF-β protein expression,and the up-regulation of Bcl-2 protein and mRNA and α-SMA protein expression.

bstract: Objective To elucidate the distribution characteristics of mosquito species and the population genetic diversity of important mosquito species in the Wuyi Mountain Nature Reserve, with the aim of providing a scientific basis for the prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases in the region. Methods Within Wuyi Mountain Nature Reserve 2022- 2023, 16 sampling sites were selected, where larvae were collected using the pipette method and adult mosquitoes were collected using the mosquito trap lamp method. Mosquito species identification was accomplished by integrating morphological characteristics and molecular identification techniques based on CO Ⅰ and CO Ⅱ gene sequences. Software tools such as ClustalX, DnaSP v5.0, and Network v4.6.1.0 were utilized to analyze the genetic differentiation (Fst), gene flow (Nm) among populations of Aedes japonicus, Aedes albopictus and Armigeres subalbatus. Results The mosquito specimens collected from the Wuyi Mountain Nature Reserve were identified as 30 species belonging to 8 genera within the Culicidae family. Among them, there were 10 species of Aedes, 13 species of Culex, 1 species each of Armigeres, Orthopodomyia, Uranotaenia, Tripyeroides, and Anopheles, and 2 species of Toxorhynchites. Analysis of the genetic structure of important mosquito populations showed that the haplotype diversity index (Hd) of Ae. japonicus was 0.994 7, with a generally moderate degree of differentiation between populations and a higher degree of genetic differentiation between populations 6 and 12; Aedeslbopictus had a haplotype diversity index of 0.634 0, with significant genetic differentiation between populations 1 and 2 compared to other groups; Armigeres subalbatus had a haplotype diversity index of 0.703 3, with substantial genetic differentiation and limited gene flow between population 2 and populations 3, 4, 6, and 7. Conclusions The mosquito species are rich in Wuyi Mountain Nature Reserve. A comprehensive survey of the composition and distribution of mosquito populations was carried out, and the characteristics of the population genetic structure of the important species of Ae. japonicus, Ae. Albopictus, and Ar. subalbatus populations were analyzed, providing valuable scientific data reference for local mosquito-borne ecological research and disease prevention and control.

Objective: To understand literacy development of school-aged children of grade 2-5 and its influencing factors in Guangzhou,and to provide a reference for the reform of the teaching of Chinese subject. Methods: By using cluster sampling method, 1 661 school-age children from grade 2 to grade 5 from 5 primary schools in Guangzhou were selected. The self-designed questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data of the participants. The Primary School Literacy Assessment Scale and the Pupil Rating Scale Revised Screening for Learning Disabilities was used to evaluate the literacy and the cognitive characteristics of participants. Results: The average literacy of children of grade 2 to grade 5 in Guangzhou was as follows: grade 2 was (1 159±295), grade 3 was (1 919±394), grade 4 was (2 599±365), grade 5 was (2 947±303), higher than the norm(P<0.01). The average literacy of grade 2 students was lower than the national curriculum requirements while students of grade 3 to grade 5 met the requirements. Univariate analysis found differences in literacy among school-age children based on gender, reading experience before age 6, and parental education background (P<0.01). Multiple linear regression analysis revealed that grade (β=607.04), preschool reading experience (β=109.89), father’s education (β=27.14), language factor (β=27.21), social behavior (β=16.03) was positively correlated with literacy in boys (P<0.05). Grade (β=603.53), auditory comprehension and memory (β=29.39), language factor (β=16.74) was positively correlated with the literacy of girls (P<0.05), while time and orientation judgments were negatively correlated with the literacy of both boys (β=-18.95) and girls (β=-21.93) (P<0.05). Conclusion The literacy level of school-age children in grade 2 to 5 in Guangzhou has reached the national literacy requirements with students in grade 2 being relatively lower. Literacy is related to grade, preschool reading experience, father’s education, and child’s cognitive characteristics. Factors affecting literacy in boys and girls are different. Literacy education should vary according to gender.

Objective: This study aims to explore the influence of birth order and age difference on the emotional and behavioral problems among children from two-child family, so as to provide advice on parenting. Methods: A total of 482 students in grades 2 to 5 from the 5 primary schools in Guangzhou were selected, all of whom came from two-child families (excluding twin children). Emotional and behavioral problems were investigated by using the Conner’s Parental Symptom Questionnaire (PSQ). Results: Among children from two-child families, higher prevalence of behavioral problems, learning problems, impulsive hyperactivity and hyperactivity index in older compared with younger children (β=-0.09，-0.16，-0.09，-0.10,P<0.05). The scores of behavioral problems and hyperactivity index were significantly higher among those of children who were 6-9 years older than young siblings, compared to those who were 0-3 years older than younger siblings(β=0.20,0.21,P<0.05). No similar pattern was found among the younger siblings(P>0.05). Conclusion Among school-age children from two-child families, emotional and behavioral problems of the elder ones were more serious than the younger ones’. Age difference between siblings shows impact on the emotional and behavioral development among elder children, however no significant impact is noticed among the younger ones.

Obesity has been identified as one of the risk factors for male sexual dysfunction, and it also has a certain impact on fertility. For people with obesity, sexual function is an important aspect of quality of life, but it is often overlooked. Society's stigma against obesity exacerbates the psychological stress of patients with obesity and negatively affects sexual function. Current studies have found that bariatric surgery can reduce body weight and improve sexual function in patients with obesity, and obesity-related gonadal dysfunction is also improved or even subsided after surgery. However, attention needs to be paid to postoperative body mass management and mental health status of patients to prevent postoperative body mass recovery and reversal of sex hormones and sexual function. In addition, there is still controversy about the change in sperm quality after bariatric surgery, and there is a lack of research data on sexual function and sperm parameters and mechanisms after bariatric surgery. Therefore, this article reviews the latest research progress of bariatric surgery and sexual dysfunction, as well as related mechanisms and sperm parameters, to provide a reference for bariatric surgery in patients with obesity with sexual dysfunction.

Objective To investigate the effect of pain nursing professional and technical team on the improvement of pain control quality .Methods A total of 314 nurses in our hospital were randomly selected by pain nursing professional and technical team for pain knowledge training .The hierarchical pain knowledge training was taken to compared nurses′professional knowledge , professional skills , pain nursing quality before and after pain knowledge training .Results 64.01% of the nurses thought that pain knowledge training was necessary , and 98.72% nurses agreed with teaching combined with practice in the form of training .After the training, nurses professional knowledge of pain (83.4 ±3.1), professional skills (85.4 ±2.7) were better than before (63.8 ±3.8),(66.2 ±5.5) and they had statistical difference (t=70.821, 19.200,respectively; P<0.01).Pain nursing quality score increased from (58.4 ±3.4) to (87.1 ±2.9), a significant difference was found before and after the training (t=143.608, P<0.01).Conclusions Pain nursing professional and technical team through carrying out a wide range of pain knowledge training can significantly improve the nurses′pain nursing professional knowledge, professional skills and pain nursing quality, and increase patient′s satisfaction.

Obesity has been identified as one of the risk factors for male sexual dysfunction, and it also has a certain impact on fertility. For people with obesity, sexual function is an important aspect of quality of life, but it is often overlooked. Society's stigma against obesity exacerbates the psychological stress of patients with obesity and negatively affects sexual function. Current studies have found that bariatric surgery can reduce body weight and improve sexual function in patients with obesity, and obesity-related gonadal dysfunction is also improved or even subsided after surgery. However, attention needs to be paid to postoperative body mass management and mental health status of patients to prevent postoperative body mass recovery and reversal of sex hormones and sexual function. In addition, there is still controversy about the change in sperm quality after bariatric surgery, and there is a lack of research data on sexual function and sperm parameters and mechanisms after bariatric surgery. Therefore, this article reviews the latest research progress of bariatric surgery and sexual dysfunction, as well as related mechanisms and sperm parameters, to provide a reference for bariatric surgery in patients with obesity with sexual dysfunction.