With the improvement of people's living standard,the occurrence of children obesity is also increasing.Children obesity not only affects children' s growth,but also is closely related to the occurrence of many diseases in adults.Therefore,prevention and treatment of child overweight and obesity are very important for improving people's health.This paper summarizes several childhood obesity intervention in recent years.

ObjectiveTo search clinical operational threshold of neonatal hypoglycemia.Methods From Jan 2007 to Jan 2009,128 neonates in our hospital were divided into 4 groups:normal control group (blood glucose range 3.30 ～ 6.10 mmol/L during hospitalization) ;treatment I group (blood glucose range 2.60 ～ 3.29 mmol/L keep 2 h,maintain normal range after 4 h) ; treatment Ⅱ group ( blood glucose range 2.20 ～ 2.59 mmol/L keep 2 h,maintain normal range after 4 h ) ;treatment Ⅲ group(blood glucose ＜2.20 mmol/L keep 2 h,maintain normal range after 3 h).Relevant data of the latency of main waves on the neonates were collected and analyzed by flash visual evoked potential( F-VEP) test.ResultsThe main waves of F-VEP in all the 128 neonates were existed.The latency of main waves in group Ⅱ [ (212.9 ± 18.9) ms] and group Ⅲ [ (223.1 ±20.4) ms] were significantly longer than that in the normal control group [ ( 199.2 ± 14.3) ms] respectively (P ＜0.01 ),and the latency of main wavesin group Ⅲ were longer than that in group Ⅱ ( P ＜0.01 ).There were no significant difference in group I [ (203.3 ± 15.4) ms ] as compared with the other groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).When blood glucose of the treatment group maintain on 3.30 ～ 6.10 mmol/L,the latency of main waves of F-VEP in group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ [ (202.9 ± 15.2) ms,(203.1 ± 15.5) ms ] had no differences as compared with the control group[ ( 199.2 ± 14.3 ) ms ] (P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionIt may be appropriate that the threshold of blood glucose for diagnostic criteria of neonatal hypoglycemia is less than 2.60 mmol/L rather than 2.20 mmol/L,whether the neonates have any clinical manifestations or not.

The incidence of food allergy has increased in recent years.The current management of food allergy includes strict dietary avoidance and rapid medical treatment in case of accidental exposure.As a new immunotherapy method,sublingual immunotherapy has shown promising as alternative treatment for food allergy.This review discusses the clinical effectiveness and safety of sublingual immunotherapy for food allergy that are recently being investigated.

AIM: To establish the quality standard for Kangmailing Capsule(Ginkgo Biloba extract, Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Rhizoma Chuanxiong). METHODS: The flavone glycoside content in Kangmailing Capsule was determined by HPLC. Waters ? bondapak C 18(3.9 mm?300 mm, 5 ?m) column was used. The mobile phase was metanol-0.4%H 3PO 4(50∶50), and UV detection wavelength was at 360 nm. Rhizoma Gastrodiae, Rhizoma Chuanxiong, Ginkgo Lactone and Ginkgolic acid in Capsules were identified by TLC. RESULTS: The calibration curves of Quercetin, Kaempferol and Isorhamnetin were linear at the range of 0.150 ?g-1.50 ?g, 0.142 ?g- 1.42 ?g and 0. 096 ?g-0.96 ?g, respectively. The average recovery was all 98.9%, and RSD was 0.98%, 1.15% and 1.57% (n=5). The TLC sports developed were fairly clear, and the blank test showed no interference, the quantitative limitation of Ginkgolic acid was controlled under 5 mg?kg -1. CONCLUSIONS: The established method is accurate,reliable and specific. The results are stable with good reproducibility. The quality of the capsules can be controlled by the method.

Liver fibrosis is an important pathological hallmark in the early stage of chronic liver injury,which can be gradually treated by drug treatment.Traditional medicine has limited therapeutic effect and is toxic to the normal organs.The drug delivery system based on nanotechnology can overcome the deficiency of traditional drugs to protect the drug which can be delivered to the target cells.Four major types of cells in liver play critical role in liver fibrogenesis,including hepatocytes,hepatic stellate cells,kupffer cells and hepatic sinusoidal endothelial cells.Liver targeted nanomedicine can be delivered to these liver cells based on their material and functional modification and enhance anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic effect.They also can reduce the toxic side effects and reverse liver fibrosis.This article gives an overview on current strategies of the application of nanotechnology in targeting treatment for liver fibrosis.

Objective To compare the differences of safety and immunogenicity of DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB hexavaccine,DTaPIPV-Hib pentavaccine plus HepB single vaccine or DTaP-IPV-HepB pentavaccine plus Hib single vaccine,so as to provide a reference for the marketing and use of hexavaccine in China.Methods Randomized controlled trials(RCTs)of DTaP-IPVHib-HepB hexavaccine,DTaP triple vaccine,Hib,IPV and HepB vaccines published at home and abroad were searched.The safety and immunogenicity of the hexavaccine were evaluated by Meta-analysis using Revman 5.4.1 software.Results A total of 7 articles,8 RCTs and 3 429 subjects were included. Meta-analysis of safety showed that there was no significant difference in the incidence of injection site and systemic adverse reactions after vaccination with hexavaccine and pentavaccine plus single vaccine(P > 0. 05)except for induration at the inoculation site and crying. Meta-analysis of immunogenicity showed no significant difference in antibody indexes after vaccination with hexavaccine and pentavaccine plus single vaccine(P > 0. 05).Conclusion The safety and immunogenicity of DTaP-IPV-Hib-HepB hexavaccine in basic immunity was comparable to that of the control vaccine,and might be applied to infants and young children to prevent related diseases. However,due to the limitations of the quantity and quality of included studies,the above conclusions still depend on the further development of larger sample,multicenter and high-quality

Objective To investigate the changes of transcranial Doppler (TCD) patterns and parameters in various intracranial hypertension.Methods Sixty rabbits were randomized into 3 groups:control group,the group of mild-to-moderate intracranial hypertension,the group of serious intracranial hypertension.Acute intracranial hypertension was induced by inflating the balloon inserted into the epidural space.Blood flow velocity was measured with TCD and intracranial pressure (ICP) as well as cerebral perfusion pressure(CPP) was measured.Mannitol was injected to the animals of intracranial hypertension,blood flow velocity and ICP was measured.ResultsTwo characteristic flow patterns vere observed in the group of mild-to-moderate intracranial hypertension:high resistance pattern,systolic flow.At the last stage of extreme intracranial hypertension in the group of serious intracranial hypertension Doppler sonograms showed three characteristic flow patterns in the following sequence:retrograde diastolic flow,very small systolic flow and zero flow.Multiform retrograde diastolic flows were related to the phases of brain death.Very small systolic flow showed three shapes:systolic-spike,small systolic triangular and small double peak.AftermedicinaltreatmentICPdecreasedinthethegroupofmild-to-moderateintracranial hypertension,blood flow velocity also increased.After the same treatment IC,P and blood flow velocity did not change in the group of serious intracranial hypertension.ConclusionsAnalysing patterns and parameters of TCD may be helpful for evaluating ICP indirectly as well as clinical experience.

Polysaccharides are a class of natural macromolecules with biological activities which could regulate the immune system by activating immune cells and promoting the secretion of cytokines to exert the anti-tumor and anti-oxidation activities.The article reviews the mechanism of polysaccharides acting on the immune system and its anti-tumor immunotherapy applications.

Objective:To investigate the dependence of geometric efficiency (GE) on beam collimation and tube voltage.Methods: The dose profile was measured under the conditions of different collimations and tube voltages and GE was calculated.Results: GE was found to be from 11% to 68%, GE at central position and periphery were found to range from 11% to 49% and 16% to 68% respectively, and weighted GE was found to be from 17% to 58%. GE was increased with beam collimation, while it was less pronounced on tube voltages.Conclusion:The dependence of GE on collimation was significant. Therefore, operators should choose appropriate collimations to reduce the dose burden of patients in CT examinations.

Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma,nasal type is a common subtype of non-Hodgkin's lymphomas in China.Many difficulties remain in its diagnosis and treatment.Correct diagnosis can be established according to the typical histology findings and immunology phenotypes with CD33（E）,EBER and/or CD56 positive.Prognostic factors should be assessed in the initiation of diagnosis.Ann Arbor staging classification has still being widely used and PET-CT scan is strongly recommended.Chemotherapy followed by radiotherapy should been considered for early-stage patients and combined chemotherapy is the best choice for advanced stage patients.The regimens containing L-asparaginase should be considered firstly due to the evidences from many clinical trials.Stem cell transplantation is recommended to almost all patients except for IE stage patients without any unfavorable prognostic factor.New regimens should be investigated and assessed in the perspective randomized clinical trials.