This article analyzes the risk factors of cystospasm and the related nursing countermeasure during cystospasm. The risk factors of cystospasm were analyzed by checking literature published in recent years. These studies suggest that only by fully understanding the risk factors of cystospasm can we take corresponding nursing measures on the patients. At the same time the occurrence of cystospasm can be reduced. It also can relieve the patients' pain and anxiety and help the patients recover earlier.

Carotid stenosis is one of the important causes of cerebral infarction. It has been demonstrated that carotid angioplasty and stenting (CAS) can prevent the occurrence of stroke, and its clinical application is continuously increasing. Although CAS is a microinvasive technique, it has some potential complications, such as hemodynamic abnormalities, hyperperfusion syndrome, cerebral infarction, and restenosis. This article reviews the complications of CAS and their management strategies.

TCM has shown prominent effect on treating breast hyperplasia,especially pair herbs has done.This article enumerates several common used herb pairs for treatment of breast hyperplasia from the aspects of soothing the liver and regulating qi,regulating blood and removing blood stasis,resolving phlegm,warming yang and tonification.And analyze the compatible characteristics of common used herb pairs in clinic.

0.05).Conclusions Both GH and GHF,gelatin hydrolysates with various molecular weights,can stimulate rat dermis fibroblasts proliferation,and the latter can meanwhile increase type Ⅰ collagen secretion.

The application of intracranial stent-assisted angioplasty has been in controversy.In recent years, the development novel stents, preoperative evaluation, and accumulation of periprocedural management experiences have significantly improved the success rate of this operation.The incidence of complications has decreased significantly. However, the efficacy and safety of intracranial stent-assisted angioplasty are still lack of support from prospective multicenter studies.This article reviews the recent advances in this field.

According Ming dynasty,Qing dynasty established the imperial drug institution(IDI) and set up service offices or pharmacy in several temporary imperial palaces besides office in Forbidden City,which was IDI offices outside Forbidden City.Base on assorting historical information and literature,eld research about historical remains,this article preliminary clari ed the o ces' names and locations of IDI outside Forbidden City.

Objective To construct and identify the Eukaryotic expression vector of RNAi hTRET. Methods The hRERT interference sequence was synthesized by artificial way and was directed cloning to the Eukaryotic expression vector pSilencer 3.1 H1 neo,and was identified by pcr,enzyme cutting,sequencing,determining its concentration and purity. Results We construct the Eukaryotic expression vector of RNAi hTRET successfully. Conclusion Construction of Eukaryotic expression vector of RNAi hTRET established foundation for biological effectiveness of telomere and telomerase in cancer cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of induction with Dezocine to prevent the agitation of the patient after remifentanil anesthesia.Methods60 patients of upper abdominal surgery,ASA Ⅰ ～ Ⅱ class,were randomly divided into 3 groups,20 patients in each group,anesthesia was induced with the midazolam 0.05 mg/kg,propofol 1 ～2mg/kg,vecuronium 0.12mg/kg.Analgesic drugs were administer as follow:control group,remifentanil ( group Rmf )1 μg/kg; fentanyl group ( group F) 4 μg/kg; Dezocine group ( group D) 0.2mg/kg.Remifentanil、propofol are used to maintain anesthesia.The time of recovery and extubation,the VAS pain score,the Ramsay score and adverse reactions such as vomiting,respiratory depression after extubation were recorded.ResultsCompared with group Rmf,the hemodynamic parameters was more stable in group F and group D.Compared with group F ( 1 μg/kg),the VAS pain score,the Ramsay score and adverse reactions significantly decreased in group D ( P ＜ 0.05 ),and the time of extubation in group F was longer than group D(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion0.2mg/kg of Dezocine could be used for the induction of anesthesia to reduce the incidence of agitation and adverse reactions during recovery period.

Different from Westerners,intracranial atherosclerosis (ICAS) is a main cause for acute ischemic stroke in Eastern population.Studies have shown that ICAS is associated with the risk factors including metabolic syndrome,dyslipidemia,diabetes mellitus,and inflammation.Adiponectin is involved in oxidative stress and glycolipid metabolism,its reduced level is the most important risk factor for metabolic syndrome and the most prominent inflammatory markers.Numerous studies have suggested that adiponectin is associated with cardiovascular diseases,and it is used as a preventive marker.In recent years,the relationship between adiponectin and ICAS has become a hot research topic.This article mainly reviews the roles of adiponectin in ICAS.

Objective:To investigate the feasibility,effectiveness and safety in the treatment of symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis with stenting.Methods:Twelve patients with middle cerebral artery stenosis were treated with stenting from August 2005 to December 2006.Among these patients,9 were male and 3 were female.The meam(SD)age was 69(5.3)years(range 56 to 81 years).The mean(SD)stenosis degree was 84.2%(3.7)(range 50% to 99%).All patients were successfully treated with balloon-expanded stents.and there was not any severe complications.Results:The rate of residual stenosis after the procedures was≤20%.No cerebral ischemic symptoms recurred in the patients over a 6-to 18-month follow-up period.Conclusions:Endovascular stenting is a safe and effective approach in the treatment of symptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis,and its short-term effect is significant.