OBJECTIVE:To discuss the disputes in pharmaceutical care and the relevant preventive measures.METHODS:The disputes in pharmaceutical care and their reasons were analyzed,and the countermeasures were put forward.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:The countermeasures against disputes in pharmaceutical care are as follows.Firstly,the conception of“patient first and foremost”in pharmaceutical care should be established.The pharmaceutical service should be improved,and the mis?takes in dispensing and pricing of drugs should be prevented by establishing the particular system of two persons checking the prescription.Secondly,the drugs should be arranged in a scientific way,and the shortage of drugs should be prevented,while the control of drugs’expiration dates should be reinforced.Thirdly,the proper arrangement of human resources should be made.Last but not the least,the knowledge about rational drug use should be publicized,and the monitoring on ADR of drug should be developed.

CpG motifs are unmethylated oligodeoxynucleotides,and its core sequences are composed of unmethylated cytosine and unmethylated guanine.CpG motifs can induce the immune response by activating a variety of immune cells against diseases.The changes of CpG structure will increase the biological activities of CpG,and then enhance the therapeutic effect of CpG as the immuno adjuvant and the sensitizer of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in cancer treatment

OBJECTIVE:To prepare Qingyang tea bag and establish the standard of quality control.METHODS:The Flos Lonicera and Radix Glycyrrhize were identified by TLC.The content of chlorogenic acid,the main active component in the tea derived from Flos Lonicera,was determined by TLCs.RESULTS:Linearity was found in the range from1.2?g～4.8?g of chlorogenic acid,r=0.9993;the average recovery was99.50%and RSD=2.39%.CONCLUSION:The method was found to be simple,precise and may be used for the quality control of the preparation.

To evaluate CT in the diagnosis of tuber culosis of the brain． CT findings in 95 cases with tuberculosis of t he bran confirmed clinically were analyzed retrospectively． Results: The CT detectability fate was 80%． The direct CT si ngs included exudation in basal system, meningitis, enhancement and intracranial tuberculosi s． The indirect signs had hydrocephalus infarction, atrophy calcification, periventricular hypo densith and subdural fluid accumulation etc． The most usual appearance was hydrocephalus． Conclusions: (1) It was helpful to diagnose when very two kinds of direct sings or a kind of dir ect sings and more than two kinds of indirect sings appeared． (2)The plain and contrast canning s hould be routinely used in tuberculosis of the brain．

The peripheral blood T lymphocyte subsets and ConA-induced suppressor cell activity (ConA-SCA) were determined in 37 patients with primary nephritic syndrome(PNS). The results showed that the patients in initial onset had the abnormal number and function of T lymphocytes, which returned to a normal level with treatment with steroid and improvement of patients'condition. The indings suggest that the immunoregulatory imbalance of this disease may be a primary change and play an important role in pathogenesis of PNS.

The principle and function of FluoViewTM FV500 laser scanning confocal microscope are expatiated.Suggestions are put forward in the selection of fluorescence probe,sample preparation,selection of parameters and environment requirment in using laser scanning confocal microscope.

To explore the opportunities and the challenges on continuing medical education of health technique cadres of armed police force,the article discussed the countermeasures of con-tinuing medical education of armed police force,in order to develop the work of continuing medical education of armed police force,which offered the methods and references for bringing up the ex-cellent health technique cadre of armed police force.

BACKGROUND:The benefit of cell therapy may be partly due to the secretion of angiogenic and antiapoptotic growth factors.Whether amniotic fluid stem cells (AFS) could secrete some growth factors requires further studies.OBJECTIVE:To isolate and culture AFS cells,and explore the angiogenic or antiapoptotic effect of cytokines secreted by AFS on endothelial cells.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:A in vitro cytological experiment was performed at the Institute of Hypertensive Disease,First Affiliated Hospital,Nanchang University from December 2008 to June 2009.MATERIALS:Term amniotic fluid of ten samples,50 mL/case,was obtained following caesarean delivery.The umbilical vein was used to isolate endothelial cells.Written informed content was obtained from all women.METHODS:AFS isolated from human amniotic fluid was cultured and digested by trypsin at confluence of 80%.The third passage of cells at a density of 5×10~8/L were divided into two groups:hypoxia group:the cells were cultured in 2% O_2 + 5% CO_2 +93% N_2;normal group:the cells were cultured in 5% CO_2 + 95% air.Two groups were cultured at 37 ℃ for 24 hours.The supematant of two groups was collected.The second passage of human umbilical vein endothelial cells cultured in vitro was collected and seeded onto 12-well culture plate at a density of 2×10~4 cells/well,and divided into 3 groups:control group was cultured in 2 mL EBM-2 containing 5% fetal bovine serum (FBS);normal group was cultured in 1 mL EBM-2 containing 5% FBS and 1 mL AFS cell culture solution;hypoxia group was cultured in 1 mL EBM-2 containing 5% FBS and 1 mL hypoxia AFS cell culture solution for 3 days,followed by incubation with 10 μg/L tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:AFS surface phenotype was examined by flow cytometry;the secretion level and mRNA expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor (VEGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) were examined by ELISA or RT-PCR.The proliferation and apoptotic rates of endothelial cells were examined.RESULTS:AFS cells were long fusiform-shaped and arranged radially after 7 days of culture.The third passage of AFS cells expressed CD29 and CD105 while did not express CD34.AFS cells of normal culture secreted VEGF and HGF;AFS cells of hypoxia condition significantly increased secrete of VEGF (P＜0.01),and VEGF mRNA expression was significantly upregulated (P＜0.05),while HGF and mRNA expression remained unchanged (P＞0.05).Compared with control group,the number of endothelial cells was significantly increased in normal and hypoxia AFS cell groups after 3 days of culture (P＜0.05).After cocultured with TNF-α for 24 hours,the apoptosis rates of endothelial cells in AFS-conditioned medium was significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05),and the change degree of hypoxia AFS cell group was greater than normal AFS cell group (P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION:AFS can secrete cytokines such as VEGF and HGF.Moreover,it significantly promotes endothelial cells proliferation and inhibits apoptosis.Under hypoxia condition,the secretion of VEGF from AFS cells is increased,and the effects on endothelial cells proliferation and apeptosis are enhanced.

Objective To investigate the effect of the Senlm of patients with congestive heart failure(CHF) on the apoptosis of endothelial progentior eelts(EPCs)and protective role of carvedil01.Method Totally 20 patientswithCHF、^mre enrolledfromDepartment ofCardiology ofthe FirstHospital Affdiated ofNanchangUniversity between June and August 2007.Serum WflflL isolatedfrom blood ofthe patients.1lononuelear cells were isolated from blood of20 healthy volunteers by density gradient centrifugation.Attaching cells wel-e harvested after culture for 7 relays and the EPCs were anyzea by flow cytometry and immunofluorescenee method.EPCs were divided into 4 groups:group A,cultured in sE-of volunteers;group B,cultured in serum of CHF;group C,cultured in leNlm of CFIF and Carvedilol;group D,cultured in,erum of CI-IF and metoproM,After euhure for 24 hours,annex.inV/PI wss used to investigate the apoptosis rate ofEPCs and the activity ofcllspafle 3 were exanlilled.ELISA Wills used to detect the level of flerum TNF-a of patients with CHF.Multiple group compalrion Wills conducted with variance analvsis and q test.Results The apoptosis rate and easpase 3 activity of EPCs in group B[(7.5 4-0.9)%v8.(3.0 4-0.25)]were significantly ineased compared with group A[(3.4±0.7)%VS.(1.37±0.2),P

Objective To investigate the retention level and its influencing factors for male nurses,and explore effective strategies to increase retention level of male nurses.Methods A sample of 610 male nurses from many hospitals in Tianjin were investigated with the self-designed demographic questionnaire,Retention Scale and Perceived Organization Support.The results underwent analysis.Results Male nurses' retention score was (20.71±4.00) points.Single factor analysis found that marriage,age,number of children,time engaged in nursing work,the working years in present position,the purpose of the work had statistically significant influence on retention scores of the male nurses.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that marriage,professional and technical titles,the purpose of work,work support and value identification were the predictive effect on the degree of the retention.Conclusions The retention of male nurses in Tianjin was in the medium level.Hospitals and all relevant departments should take effective measures,improve the professional sense of worth of the male nurses and job satisfaction,in order to enhance the man nurses' retention rate,promote the sustainable development of the nursing team construction.