Objective To analyze pathologic features, therapeutic strategies and prognosis of patients with metastatic solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas (m-SPTP). Methods Twenty five patients with m-SPTP undergoing radical resection between June 1985 and Dec 2005 were retrospectively analyzed. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to screen out risk factors of the prognosis of m-SPTP patients.Results Twenty-three postoperative patients were followed up until Dec 2007. The follow-up rate was 92% and the median follow up time was 78 months. The 5-year overall survival rate was 82%. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that five variables including age, tumor size, pathologic features, number of metastatic lesions and lymphatic metastasis were related to overall survival. Conclusions Solid pseudopapillary tumor of the pancreas is low-grade malignant potential with a favorable prognosis, but not for the m-SPTP.Patients of ≥40 years old, tumor size (≥6 cm), pathologic features (including presence of areas with diffuse growth pattern and tumor necrosis), multiple metastatic lesions and lymphatic metastasis have poor prognosis.

With the progresses of the research on "Digital Human", more and more information has been needed for the setting up of the three-dimensional digital models of human organs. In the present paper, based on the method of block mapping with a normal-style bump mapping method, we normalized the vector of the surface of the models, computed offset of the texture coordinates and added to them. The projection of the coordinates to the tangential space complemented the disturbance to the vector of models' surface. The method was proposed with bump texture mapping on the surface of the biological models of organs to improve the impression of the visualization of the organ models and to enhance the sense of reality of the models.
Humans ; Models, Anatomic ; Models, Biological

AIM To study the effect of alendronate sodium (Alen) on osteoclastic bone resorbing lacunae. METHOD Using the method of culturing osteoclasts on slices, the techniques of photomicrography microdensitometric scan and computer image analysis. RESULTS Alen(0 5,5 or 50 ?mol?L -1 )reduced the number and the surface area of osteoctastic bone resorbing lacunae dose dependently compared with model group there was significant defference ( P

Objective To evaluate the differences in image quality and radiation dose in the neck CTA between low tube voltage scanning method combined with exact calculation of contrast dosage and conventional scanning methods.Methods Ninety patients who had undergone neck CTA examination from October 2012 to June 2013 were prospectively selected to perform study.Patients were randomly divided into Group A,B and C,each with 30 cases.Tube voltage and contrast amount were,respectively,120 kV and 70-80 ml for Group A (conventional group),100 kV and exact calculation for Group B,80 kV and exact calculation for Group C.Using ANOVA test,radiation dose,contrast amount,CNR were statistically analyzed among three groups.Subjective evaluations were made of image quality by two experienced radiologists based on a 5-point system.Results The effective doses in Group B and C were (4.5 ± 0.7) mSv and (2.1 ± 0.4) mSv,respectively,significantly lower than (6.6 ± 0.9) mSv in Group A,with statistically significant difference(F =72.4,P ＜ 0.05).The amounts of contrast were significantly lower in Group B and C than that in Group A,which respectively were (73.2 ± 8.2) ml for Group A and (48.2 ± 5.1) for Group B and (48.6 ± 5.4) ml for Group C,with statistically significant difference (F =56.8,P ＜ 0.05).CNRs increased respectively by 42.2％ in Group B and by 42.2％ in Group C compared with Group A,with statistically significant difference (F =72.6,P ＜ 0.05).Venous artifact images were found in 10 patients of Group A,having different effects on image quality,whereas in Group B and C,there were not vein artifacts to found.Conclusions The low tube voltage (80 kV) scanning method combined with exact calculation of contrast features not only significantly lower radiation dose and lower contrast amount used,but also improved image quality in comparison with conventional method.

Objective: To study the effects of percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) on blood levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), high sensitivity C-reaction protein (hs-CRP) and fibrinogen (Fg) in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
Methods: Our research included 2 groups: AMI group,n=110 patients with PCI and Control group,n=53 healthy subjects from physical examination. Blood levels of VEGF, hs-CRP and Fg were compared between pre-operation and 30 min, 24 h, 72 h post-operation; the peak values of VEGF, hs-CRP and Fg were compared between the patients with post-operative MACE occurrence at 24 h and the patients without MACE occurrence.
Results:①Compared with Control group, blood levels of VEGF, hs-CRP and Fg in AMI group were increased at pre-operation and 30 min, 24 h, 72 h post-operation, for VEGF (pg/ml) as (84.7±21.4) vs (130.5±40.2) and (143.2±49.7), (107.1±31.8), (97.3±24.4); for hs-CRP (mg/L) as (1.03±0.34) vs (3.11±0.56) and (4.67±0.62), (6.42±0.72), (2.83±0.56); for Fg (mg/L) as (3.86±0.32) vs (4.79±0.52) and (5.02±0.54), (5.54±0.67), (4.11±0.44) respectively, allP<0.05. In AMI group, the post-operative value of VEGF was ifrst increased, it reached the peak at 30 min and then gradually decreasing; while hs-CRP and Fg were increased gradually, they reached the peak values at 24h time point, allP<0.05.②In AMI group, compared with the patients without post-operative MACE (72/110), the patients with MACE (38) had elevated 24h post-operative levels of VEGF as (131.7±36.5 vs 155.5±42.8), hs-CRP as (5.68±0.62 vs 6.89±0.53) and Fg as (5.23±0.60 vs 5.66±0.55) respectively, all P<0.01.
Conclusion: Post-operative monitoring of blood levels of VEGF, hs-CRP and Fg had the important clinical value in AMI patients after PCI.

AimTo study the anti-inflammatory effect of astragalosides(AST) and its mechanisms of action. Methods The exudate volume, neutrophil count and protein content in exudate were measuredinthe carrageenan-induced air pounch model in rats. The content of PGE2 was assayed by radioimmunoassay,the activity of PLA2 by microacid titration assay, IL-8 by ELISA, and NO by nitrate reductase assay. The production of O2 in neutrophil was determined by cytochrome C assay. Results AST(40, 80 mg· kg -1) could markedly reduce the exudate volume, neutrophil count, protein content, the content of IL-8, and the production of O2.AST lowered PLA2 activity of neutrophil and accellular component in exudate, and it also decreased the contents of PGE2 and NO in exudate. Conclusion AST has an obvious anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced acute inflammation.Its mechanisms may be related to the inhibition of vascular permeability and leukocyte migration, as well as to the suppression of PLA2 activity and the reduction of IL-8, PGE2, NO and O2 production.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of a low-dose contrast medium protocol for 64-slice CT angiography (CTA) of head using a low-tube-voltage setting.Methods ① Phantom study:64-slice spiral CT respectively sets 80,100,120,140 kV and 100,200,300,400,500 and 600 mA as scanning parameter lines.Analysis of the best Signal-to-noise ratios (SNR) and contrast to noise ratios (CNR).②Clinical study:to prospectively continuous select sixty-six patients with suspected intracranial aneurysm and arteriovenous malformation and so on from April to October of 2012 to perform hand CTA inspection.The random number table method for A,B two groups,33 patients in each group.Group A (conventional group)scanning parameters:120 kV,400 mA and amount of contrast agent:1 ml/kg; Group B(test group) scanning parameters:80 kV,600 mA,amount of contrast agent 0.5 ml/kg.Using independent samples t test for each group radiation dose,SNR,CNR were statistically analyzed.By two experienced radiologists to 5 points on two groups of image quality subjective evaluation.Mann-Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis of subjective evaluation.Results Group A and B group CTDIvol respectively is 59.1,27.5 mGy.Group B than in group A,CTDIvol decreased by 53.5％.A,B groups of the SNR,CNR were 71.5 ± 10.7,92.0 ± 7.4; 58.5 ± 10.5,79.6 ± 7.7,Group B than in group A SNR,CNR were enhanced by 22.3％,26.4％,differences were statistics significance (t =584.0,388.6,P ＜ 0.01).The subjective image evaluation of group B was bigher than group A (Z =31.2,23.4,P ＜ 0.05),differences were statistics significance.Two physicians on CTA images to assess the consistency of uniform height(Kappa =0.904,P ＜0.05).Conclusion In the head CTA examination,use of low tube voltage combined with low contrast dose not only can improve the image quality but also radiation dose were significantly lower.

Objective To study the results of laparotomy and Cool-tip radiofrequency ablation to treat large liver tumors.Methods Laparotomy and Cool-tip radiofrequency ablation were carried out on 64 patients with large hepatic cancer.To destroy the tumor completely,for tumors of 3.0～4.0 cm in diameter,7 ablations were required; for 4.0～5.0 cm in diameter 15 ablations; for 5.0～6.0 cm in diameter 19 ablations; for 6.0～7.0 cm in diameter 40 ablations.Result The complete necrosis rate of laparotomy and radiofrequency ablation was 93.75％ (60/64).The short-term results were good.Conclusions Laparotomy and Cool-tip multipoint overlapping radiofrequency ablation for large liver tumors (tumor diameter＞3 cm) could result in a high complete necrosis rate and a low complication rate.It is a good radical treatment for unresectable and large liver cancer.

Objective To investigate the effects of improved end-to-end invagination pancreaticojejunostomy on the occurrence of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods The clinical data of 396 patients who received pancreaticoduodenectomy at the Cancer Hospital of Shandong Province from January 2001 to January 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.All patients were divided into the improved group(235 patients)and traditional group(161 patients)according to different anastomotic methods.All the operations were done by the same surgical group,and the digestive tract was reconstructed by the Child method.Patients in the improved group received improved end-to-end invagination pancreaticojejunostomy,and patients in the traditional group received traditional end-to-end anastomosis.The volume of operative bleeding,operation time,incidence of pancreatic fistula and duration of hospital stay of the 2 groups were compared.All data were analyzed using the t test,chisquare test or Fisher exact probability.Results The operative blood loss,operation time and duration of hospital stay were(383 ±56)ml,(7.2 ± 1.0)hours,(21 ±3)days in the improved group,and(381 ±39)ml,(7.0 ± 0.5)hours,(22 ± 5)days in the traditional group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups(t =0.388,1.680,-1.835,P ＞ 0.05).No operative death was detected in the 2 groups,and the overall incidence of pancreatic fistula was 7.6％(30/396).The incidence of pancreatic fistula of the improved group was 0(0/235),which was significantly lower than 18.6％(30/161)of the traditional group(P ＜ 0.05).Patients complicated with pancreatic fistula in the traditional group were cured by drainage,somatostatin administration and parenteral nutrition.Conclusion Improved end-to-end invagination pancreaticojejunostomy can significantly reduce the incidence of pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of the patients with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome (PSIS) in our hospital in the past seven years, and to achieve better comprehension of this kind of disease. Methods Five patients with PSIS (4 males, 1 female) in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed, regarding clinical manifestation, laboratory and imaging data. Results The clinical features of 5 cases of PSIS were as follows: (1) growth retardation; (2) high incidence of breech delivery; (3) 159-165 cm in body height; (4) retarded bone age; (5) average intelligence; (6) adenohypophyseal dysfunction in clinical and laboratory examinations; (7) normal posterior pituitary function; (8) MRI with gadolinium contrast revealed no pituitary stalk and anterior pituitary hypoplasia with ectopic posterior pituitary. The pathogenesis of PSIS is not clear. Appropriate hormonal replacement therapy is the only effective way. Conclusion PSIS is rarely seen and its clinical feature is different from pituitary dwarfism and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism. The realization for this syndrome should be emphasized and early therapy is essential.