Induced pluripotent stem(iPS)-cell technology is a great breakthrough in stem cell research field in recent years, it is not only injecting new vitality for the research of reprogramming of somatic cell, but also bringing a new dawn to the study of mechanism of disease and development of regenerative medicine. As key issues of iPS-cell technology, the study of iPS cell induction system has progressed in the composition of transcription factor, gene delivery, as well as induction efficiency. In this article, research advance of iPS cell induction system in recent years is reviewed and the prospect is discussed as well.

Objective To investigate the effects of negative pressure wound therapy (NPWT) on the expression of EDA+ FN in granulation tissues of human diabetic foot wounds.Methods Forty patients with diabetic foot wounds fitting the inclusion criteria,admitted from Jan.2014 to Jun.2016,were randomly and equally apportioned to receive either NPWT or conventional gauze therapy (control) for 14 days.Granulated tissue biopsies were collected before (0 day) and after (14 day) treatment in both groups.All biopsies were subdivided into two parts.One part was preserved in 4％ paraformaldehyde for immunocytochemical staining of EDA+FN,and the other part was stored at-80 ℃ for Western blotting and PCR analysis of EDA+FN.Results The immunohistochemical analysis revealed that the mean area density of EDA+ FN increased in both NPWT group and control group at day 14 relative to day 0,but the change value of mean area density was higher in NPWT group than in control group (P＜0.01).Western blotting showed that the relative protein levels of EDA+FN increased in both NPWT group and control group at day 14 relative to day 0,but the change value of relative protein levels of EDA+FN was higher in NPWT group than in control group (P＜0.01).The real time PCR analysis demonstrated that the relative mRNA levels of EDA+ FN increased in both NPWT group and control group at day 14 relative to day 0,but the change value of relative mRNA levels of EDA+ FN was higher in NPWT group than in control group (P＜0.01).The results demonstrated the higher protein and mRNA levels of EDA+FN in NPWT group than that in control group.Conclusion NPWT obviously enhances EDA+FN expression in granulation tissue of diabetic foot wound,as a result promotes wound healing.

Objective:To have an experimental investigation on teaching reform of Orthopedics of TCM based on network resources.Method:Two comparison groups were set and observed when we were teaching the orthopedics students of 2003 grade.One was taught by traditional problem-based learning(PBL) method,the other was taught by PBL method based on network resources.Results:The creative thought and research ability of the students who had been taught by PBL method based on network resources were greatly improved.Conclusion:The teaching method based on network resources has so many advantages such as students being able to self-learn and research without time and space limit that it can be used more in medical students teaching.

AimTo study the anti-inflammatory effect of astragalosides(AST) and its mechanisms of action. Methods The exudate volume, neutrophil count and protein content in exudate were measuredinthe carrageenan-induced air pounch model in rats. The content of PGE2 was assayed by radioimmunoassay,the activity of PLA2 by microacid titration assay, IL-8 by ELISA, and NO by nitrate reductase assay. The production of O2 in neutrophil was determined by cytochrome C assay. Results AST(40, 80 mg· kg -1) could markedly reduce the exudate volume, neutrophil count, protein content, the content of IL-8, and the production of O2.AST lowered PLA2 activity of neutrophil and accellular component in exudate, and it also decreased the contents of PGE2 and NO in exudate. Conclusion AST has an obvious anti-inflammatory effect on carrageenan-induced acute inflammation.Its mechanisms may be related to the inhibition of vascular permeability and leukocyte migration, as well as to the suppression of PLA2 activity and the reduction of IL-8, PGE2, NO and O2 production.

Objective To investigate the degradation characteristics of the large-scale brain functional networks during aging by functional magnetic resonance imaging measurement and explore its intrinsic mechanism.Methods 40 healthy subjects including 20 elderly persons [mean aged(72.4 ±4.6)years] and 18 young persons [mean aged(23.9± 1.8) years] were enrolled in this study.All subjects underwent functional MRI scanning at blood oxygenation level-dependent contrast resting state.Four canonical resting-state networks,including the default mode network (DMN),dorsal attention network (DAN),executive control network (ECN),salience network,and visual network,were extracted by the seed zone and double regression methods.The functional connectivities in these canonical networks were compared between the young and elderly persons.Results Compared with young persons,the elderly showed the distinct and disruptive alterations in the large-scale aging-related resting brain networks.The impairment of ECN was the most serious,followed by the impairment of DAN.The salience networks and DMN showed relatively limited functional connectivity disruption.The networks associated to higher-order brain functions were impaired,while the visual network,which served as a network related to low-order brain functions,had no significant change.Conclusions The aged brain in healthy subjects is characterized by organized change in networks,and the selective impairments of large-scale brain networks were more significant in the networks associated to higher-order brain functions as compared with the networks related to low-order brain functions.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of Deproteinised calf blood serum injection in the treatment of cerebral infarction,and to provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment.METHODS:Retrieved from Co-chrane Library,EMBase,Medline,CBM,CJFD,VIP and Wanfan database,randomized controlled trials(RCT)about theeffica-cy and safety ofDeproteinised calf blood serum injection(test group)based on basic treatment(control group)in the treatment of cerebral infarction were collected.Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.2 software after data extraction and quality eval-uation with Cochrane system evaluation manual 5.1.0.RESULTS:A total of 18 RCTs were included,involving 2 111 patients.Re-sults of Meta-analysis showed the total effective rate [OR=3.30,95%CI(2.48,4.39),P<0.001],National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) score[MD=-1.47,95%CI(-2.06,-0.88),P<0.001] and activities of daily living(ADL) score[MD=9.09,95%CI(6.46,11.72),P<0.001] in test group were significantly better than control group,there were significant differences be-tween the 2 groups;and there was no obvious adverse reactions during treatment. CONCLUSIONS:Both efficacy and safety of De-proteinised calf blood serum injectionin the treatment of cerebral infarction are good.

Ovotestis is a rare disorder of sexual differentiation in which the gonads have both ovarian and testicular elements. The patients always present with ambiguous external genitalia, and there are usually with serious disorder between chromosomal sex, gonadal sex, social sex, and psychological sex. The definite diagnosis and gender confirmation, appropriate surgery in internal genitalia and orthomorphia in external genitalia, as well as psychological support are essential for a multidisciplinary medical group in managing this disease. The medical data of two children with ovotestis who were reared as boy or girl respectively were analyzed.

Thirty cases of pituitary stalk interruption syndrome were divided into normal height (group 1) and short stature (group 2).There was no significant difference in growth hormone or insulin-like growth factor-Ⅰ levels between two groups(P＞0.05).Expected height and body mass index in group 1 were higher than those in group 2,while testosterone,cortisol,and FT4 were lower.Height were positively correlated with age,expected height,birth weight,and body mass index.The height of patients with pituitary stalk interruption syndrome depended on both genetic factors and the hormones from pituitary-target gland.

Clinical and imageological characteristics of Paget's disease of bone in 7 patients who were treated in our hospital from 1991 to 2007 were analyzed. The data showed (1) 6 patients had the symptoms of bone pain and bone deformity, with more long bones involved; (2) Serum alkaline phosphatase was over normal range; (3) Imageology showed that osteoclasia was usually combined with bone sclerosis; (4) All the patients were treated with bisphosphonates; (5) 2 patients with serious bone deformity were treated with orthomorphia. Paget's disease of bone is a kind of metabolic bone disease with the characteristics of osteoclasia combined with bone sclerosis. The main features are bone pain and bone abnormality. Bisphosphonates are the first choice of drugs. Patients with serious bone deformity should be treated with orthomorphia.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of selective intra-arterial thrombolysis with urokirmse for acute cerebral infarction.Methods:Thirty-eight patients with acute cerebral infarction were treated by selective intra-arterial thrombolysis with urokinase within 6 hours of onset.Head CT seans were performed immediately and 24 hours after the procedures to find out whether intracerebral hemorrhage(ICH)had occurred.The activities of daily living and functional outcome of the patients were evaluated by the Barthel Index(BI)and the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NmSS).Results:Of the 38 patients,21 achieved complete recanalization,8 achieved partial recanalization,3 occurred symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage,and l died.At day 90,22 patients had a favorable outcome(BI≥90),11(50≤BI＜90)had a better outcome,and 4 had a worse one(BI＜50);at 6 months,24 patients had a favorable outcome,9 had a better outcome.and 4 had a worse one.The NIHSS scores at day 14 after the procedures were significantly superior to the levels betore the procedures(12.68±7.43 versus 15.38±4.32,P＜0.011.Conclusions: Intra-arterial thrombolysis with urokinase can recanalize the occluded vessels and improve the acute clinical symptoms and long-term prognosis of patients.