Objective:To observe the elimination of smear layer on the dentin exposed to Er,Cr:YSGG laser with different energy and irradiating distance. Methods:The in vitro first premolar was selected and slices with 1.5 mm thickness were obtained by horizontal sectioning through the middle third of the teeth crown using a high-speed bur. Each dentinal slice was irradiated under the laser with different irradiating distance(

Objective: To observe the effect of Juebi capsule (JBC) on experimental prostatic hyperplasia. Methods: Experimental prostatic hyperplasia was induced by castration testicular nourmone in the mice and rats respectively and the isolated bladder trigone muscle of the rabbit was used for contraction inhibition. Results: For mice, JBC 10 20g/kg was administered intragastrically for 10 days; for rats, JBC 1 2g/kg was taken for 3 weeks. The results showed that JBC can significantly inhibite prostatic hyperplasia and decrease wet weight of the gland, DNA content and the activity of serum acid phosphatase. Otherwise, 0.25%, 0.50% and 0.75% water suspension of JBC also can inhibite the contraction induced by norepinephrine in isolated bladder trigone muscle of the rabbit. The inhibition rates were 29.17%, 41.72% and 62.29%.Conclusion: JBC can significantly inhibit experimental prostatic hyperplasia and decrease contraction of bladder trigone muscle induced by ? adrenoceptor agonist.

Objective To introduce a new computer-assisted external frame for osteotomy to correct complex tibial and fibular deformity.Methods From January 2012 to December 2013,15 patients with complex tibial and fibular deformity were treated with a computer-assisted external frame and related computer software for surgical correction.All were unilateral limb deformity,involving the left lower limb in 8 cases and the right lower limb in 7 cases.They were 8 males and 7 females,15 to 43 years of age (average,26.8 years).The deformity was caused by old osteomyelitis in 9 cases and trauma sequela in 6.The related angles,distances and rotations were measured on the postoperative radiographs of the lower limbs.The data were input into the software to calculate the daily adjustment lengths of the frame rods.Daily frame adjustments were conducted according to the data calculated.The frame was removed when expected results were achieved.The patients lived independently during the adjustment.Results The 15 patients were effectively followed up for 10 to 22 months (average,15 months).Frame fixation time averaged 8.4 months (from 5.5 to 13.1 months).The reunion time averaged 8.0 months (from 5.4 to 12.1 months).The hospitalization time averaged 2.4 months (from 2.0 to 2.8 months).In 10 cases of limb shortening,the shortening lengths averaged 0.5 cm (from 0 to 0.9 cm) after adjustment.In 12 cases of angulation deformity,the angulation averaged 3.3° (from 0° to 5.4°) after adjustment.In 5 cases of rotation deformity,the maximum internal rotation was 5° and the maximum external rotation 10° after correction,deviating from the normal values by 3.5° on average.In 6 cases of horizontal displacement,the displacements averaged 0.5 crn after correction.All patients were satisfactory with corrected lower limb alignment,improved symptoms and appearance,giving a subjective satisfaction rate of 100％.Conclusion Use of computer-assisted external frame in surgical correction of tibial and fibular deformity can achieve satisfactory outcomes in simple,accurate,standardized,minimally invasive manners.

Objective To observe the surface morphology of dentin irradiated by Er,Cr∶YSGG laser under anhydrous conditions and discuss the possible clinical applications of the laser.Methods 11 freshly extracted specimens (approximately 1.5 mm thick) taken from the first premolars were selected.One was regarded as the control group without any treatment and the remaining ten were divided into 5 groups whose dentin surface was irradiated by Er,Cr∶ YSGG laser with different energy (1,2,3,4,6 W) under anhydrous condition.The specimens were routinely prepared for electron microscopic scanning observation.Results As the output power increased with Er,Cr∶YSGG laser irradiation,the dentin surface was observed of the constriction of tubular lumen,and part of the tubules closed.The dentin surfaces with 3 ～6 W laser irradiation were observed thermal injury alters such as micro crack and carbonization.Conclusion 1 ～2 W anhydrous Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation play a more ideal and safe constriction and sealing role to dentinal tubules,and the laser is expected to be used for the treatment of dentin hypersensitivity.

Objective To research on treament of femoral head of patients with osteoneerosis of the femoral head fracture.Methods Twenty-six patients half of femaoral head of patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head fracture who treated with vascularzed bone graft were determined.Twenty-one hips treated with internal fixation unloaded and vascularzed bone graft after selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed to confirm the blood supply of femoral head.one case underwent total hip replacement after internal fixation unloaded.Results All patients were followed up for a mean of 23 months (range,12-38months)and were assessed clinically and radiologically according to Harris scoring.Selective digital subtraction angiography (DSA) was performed in 15 cases to confirm the blood reconstruction of femoral head.Two cases underwent total hip replacement postoperatively.Preoperative and postoperative Harris score were 54 and 86.2,clinical success rate was 92.0% and radiological success rate was 84.0%.DSA demonstrated blood supply was found reconstruction in the necrotic femoral head.Conclusion Femoral head of patients with osteonecrosis of the femoral head fracture was very much (recent 40%).Taking out of internal fixation,treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head by using vascularzed bone graft was confirmed,early clinical results were satisfied.

Objective To assess the efficacy of the two antiviral medications in preventing cytomegalovirus infection and cytomegalovirus disease in renal transplant recipients.Method We searched articles from Pubmed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,Wanfang Med Online,and China's biomedical journal citation database on line.Randomized controlled trials evaluating preemptive treatment and universal prophylaxis for cytomegalovirus infection and cytomegalovirus disease in renal transplant recipients were reviewed.Two reviewers screened studies and assessed study quality according to the study population,intervention measure and results.Finally data from included studies were subjected to meta-analysis.Result Six studies involving total 752 renal transplant recipients were included in this review.Compared with preemptive treatment,universal prophylaxis significantly reduced the risk of cytomegalovirus infection at 3 rd and 12 th month,and the risk of cytomegalovirus disease at 12 th month after transplantation (RR =12.13,95 ％ CI.6.59～22.36,P＜0.05; RR =2.21,95％CI:1.62～3.01,P＜0.05; RR=1.79,95％Chl.22～2.63,P＜0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of other opportunistic infection and acute rejection.Conclusion Universal prophylaxis was more effective than preemptive treatment in preventing CMV infection and CMV disease in renal transplant recipients.

OBJECTIVE:To systematically review the efficacy and safety of gemcitabine combined with docetaxel in the treat-ment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and provide evidence-based reference for clinical treatment. METHODS:Retrieved from PubMed,Cochrane Library,Elsevier,CJFD,Wangfang Database and VIP,randomized controlled trials(RCT)about the ef-ficacy and safety of gemcitabine combined with docetaxel(test group)versus the 3rd generation chemotherapeutic agents combined with cisplatin(control group)in the treatment of NSCLC were collected. Meta-analysis was performed by using Rev Man 5.3 soft-ware after quality evaluation by modified Jadad scale. RESULTS:Totally 9 RCTs were included,involving 1 986 patients. Results of Meta-analysis showed,there were no significant differences in the total effective rate [RR=0.93,95%CI(0.83,1.05),P=0.27], 1-year survival rate [RR=0.97,95%CI(0.87,1.09),P=0.64],the incidences of liver dysfunction [RR=0.35,95%CI(0.06,2.18), P=0.26] and leukopenia [RR=0.80,95%CI(0.57,1.10),P=0.17] and decreased rate of hemoglobin [RR=0.65,95%CI(0.25, 1.69),P=0.38] in 2 groups;the incidences of liver dysfunction [RR=0.09,95%CI(0.02,0.38),P=0.001] and neurotoxicity in test group were significantly lower than control group,while the incidence of lung injury [RR=8.71,95%CI(2.04,37.12),P=0.003] was significantly higher than control group,the differences were statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS:Gemcitabine com-bined with docetaxel shows similar efficacy to the 3rd generation chemotherapeutic agents combined with cisplatin in the treatment of NSCLC,less effect on renal function and nerve while high on pulmonary toxicity.

Objective To analyze the relationship between obesity and arterial stiffness among population of different glucose tolerance status. Methods A cross-sectional study recruited the population aged 40 years or older from ShiJingShan district in Beijing. 9080 subjects were included by measured weight, waist circumference (WC), body mass index (BMI), waist/hip ratio (WHR) and WC/height ratio (WHtR) and hemodynamic indexes and the aortic stiffness (using brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity(baPWV). They were divided into 3 groups based on the results of OGTT and diabetes history: normal glucose tolerance group ( NGT group) ,impaired glucose regulation group ( IGR group) and diabetes mellitus group ( DM group) . The association between baPWV and different obese indexes was analyzed by multi-ple linear regression. Results According to the criterion of WC, WHR and WHtR, baPWV of central obesity group was significantly higher than the normal group(P<0. 01). There was no statistically significant differences based on BMI in DM group(P>0. 05), but it was of sta-tistically significant differences in NGT group and IGR group. Central obese indexes( WC、WHR、WHtR) showed a positive correlation to PWV in the studied groups(P<0. 05). BMI was only positively correlated with baPWV in NGT group, there was no significant correlation in IGR and DM group(P>0. 05). After adjusting for age, gender and cardiovascular risk factors, the multiple regression analysis found that for every 0. 1 point increase in WHR and WHtR, the PWV increased 40. 6 cm/s and 55. 3cm/s respectively. Conclusion There is a positive correlation between central obese indexes (WC、WHR、WHtR) and arterial stiffness, and the central obese indexes correlated with arterial stiffness better than BMI.

The clinical characteristics and radiological data of 6 cases of sacral agenesis in one single family were analyzed and a literature review was performed.On magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),all of them presented with a partial absence of sacral vertebra,including associations with lumbar abnormalities (n =2) and sacral agenesis (n =2).One case presented with fourth/fifth lumbar vertebra bone fusion and fifth lumbar/first sacral vertebra bone fusion.On radiology,4 cases had concurrent scoliosis.None of them had tethered cord,diastematomyelia or meningocele.The understanding of sacral agenesis may be improved after reviewing and summarizing clinical features and radiological findings.

Objective To retrospectively study the serum IgG and IgM antibodies against toxoplasma, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1&2 in various populations, and analyze the clinical values.Methods From 2008 to 2015, 2 661 pregnant women, 324 infertile women, 2 492 women with abnormal pregnancy history, 623 women with recent abnormal pregnancy, 261 infants with intrauterine growth retardation and other diseases, 170 women for preconceptual examination, and 702 women for physical examination in Beijing were included .Commercial EIA kits were used to detect serum IgG and IgM antibodies to toxoplasma, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1&2. Positive reactions of IgM antibodies to any pathogens were re-tested with another kind of commercial EIA kit. PEMS3.1 software was used for statistical analysis.Results The prevalence of serum IgG or IgM antibodies against toxoplasma, rubella virus, cytomegalovirus and herpes simplex virus type 1& 2 were found within 0.7%-1.6%(0-1.2%) , 85.3%-92.0% ( 0.4%-2.7%) , 89.1%-94.9% ( 0.7%-1.7%) , 74.8%-86.0% ( 0 -0.7%) , 8.1% -17.4% ( 0 -4.1%) respectively in the studied population groups.The prevalence of TORCH IgG and IgM antibodies were not found to be higher in both populations with past suspicious exposure ( infertile women and women with abnormal pregnancy history ) and recent suspicious exposure ( women with recent abnormal pregnancy and infants with intrauterine growth retardation and other diseases) than that in pregnant women and women for preconceptual and physical examination. Conclusion No associations between TORCH infections and the suspicious exposure were found in the populations above.