The serum manganese, chromium, zinc and copper levels of 63 cases with coronary heart disease and 33 normals were determined by the inductively couple plasma emission spectroscopy. The concentrations of Mn, Cr, Zn and Cu were 0.02145 ?0.0107 ppm, 0.0230 ?0.0167 PPm, 0.905?0.278 ppm 1.056 ?0.404 PPm and the Cu/Zn ratio was 0.973 ?0.395 in normals.In comparing with normals, a significant increase in the serum zinc concentration (P

Objective The aim of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of EUS in rectal cancer restaging after neoadjuvant therapy. Methods EUS staging was performed after neoadjuvant therapy in 61 patients who were diagnosed as having local advanced rectal cancer. All patients underwent subsequent surgi-cal resection and complete pathologic staging. Results Compared with pathological staging, the total accura-cy of post-therapy EUS T-staging was 59.0% (36/61). The T-overstaging rate was 36.1% (22/61) and un-derstaging rate was 4.9% (3/61). Accuracy of EUS N-staging was 68.9% (42/61), N-overstaging and un-derstaging rates were 14.7% (9/61) and 16.4% (10/61), respectively. Conclusion The accuracy of EUS restaging for rectal cancer after neoadjuvant therapy is relatively low.

Objective: To investigate the effect of histone deacetylase inhibitor apicidin on the glioblastoma U87 cells and its regulation of OCT-4 gene expression. Methods: Glioblastoma U87 cells were treated with different concentrations of apicidin, and dimethyl sulfoxide instead of apicidin was negative control. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to detect the proliferative ability of U87 cells treated by apicidin. The cell apoptosis was observed under the fluorescence microscope, and the cell cycle was detected by using flow cytometry. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot was used to detect the expression of mRNA and protein of U87 cells, respectively relative to the expression of GAPDH. Results: MTT assay results showed that apicidin inhibited U87 cells proliferation in a dose-dependent and time-dependent manner, and half of the inhibitory concentration of cell proliferation at 48 h was (1.74±0.13) μmol/L. The cell proportion of U87 cells in S-phase of the negative control, 0.2, 0.5, and 1.0 μmol/L apicidin was (32.68±0.49)%, (33.73±0.76)%, (42.92±0.56)%, and (56.95±0.53)%, respectively after 48 h apicidin administration (P < 0.05), while the proportion of G₁ and G₂ phase cells was decreased. The karyopyknosis and other apoptotic changes were detected in U87 cells after 48 h treatment of 1.0 μmol/L apicidin under the confocal fluorescence microscope. Western blot and RT-PCR showed that the mRNA and protein relative levels of U87 cells OCT-4 were reduced after 1.0 μmol/L apicidin treatment for 48 h compared with the negative control group (mRNA: 72.44±0.00 vs. 56.66±0.23; protein: 86.59±0.19 vs. 56.04±0.15, both P < 0.01). Conclusions Apicidin can inhibit the growth of glioblastoma U87 cells, induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Its mechanism may be related to the expression of OCT-4 inhibited by apicidin.

Objective To investigate the feasibility and clinical significance of membrane anatomy theory in the application of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical esophageal resection.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 142 cases of thoracoscopic and laparoscopic radical esophagectomy based on membrane anatomy theory from December 2018 to October 2021.The esophageal mesangium,esophageal cancer,and nerves,blood vessels,lymphatic system,adipose tissue,upper stomach,left mesangium,and left gastric lymph nodes in the esophageal mesangium were removed as a whole.During the surgery,the space containing loose connective tissue around the esophagus was seen to be the esophageal fascial fusion space.The first 10 cases were labeled with nanocarbon tracer markers,showing esophageal lymphatic drainage to the left gastric lymph node.Results All the 142 patients had smooth surgery.The operation time was 150-230 min(mean,184.6±21.3 min),the intraoperative blood loss was 20-100 ml(mean,46.7±16.8 ml),the number of lymph nodes dissected was 12-41(mean,23.5±7.3),and the positive lymph nodes were found in 97 cases.The postoperative chest drainage time was3-10 d(mean,7.1±2.5 d),the postoperative oral intake time was 5-10 d(mean,7.6±1.7 d),and the total hospital stay was 9-20 d(mean,14.0±4.6 d).The total incidence of postoperative complications was 21.8%(31/142),including 7 cases(4.9%)of anastomotic leakage,9 cases(6.3%)of anastomotic stenosis,9 cases(6.3%)of hoarseness,and6 cases(4.2%)of residual gastritis.There was no postoperative bleeding,chyllevial leakage,infection,or death within 30 d after surgery.The follow-ups of the 142 patients lasted for 11-35 months,with a median of 26 months,and there was no recurrence and death.Conclusions There is a mesangial structure that constitutes an"envelope"around the esophagus.The membrane anatomy theory is suitable for the treatment of esophageal cancer,and radical resection of esophageal cancer based on the theory is safe,effective,and feasible.

Objective To assess the significance of insulin tolerance test(ITT) in clinical diagnosis of adult growth hormone deficiency(GHD).Methods Eighty-two patients with an established diagnosis of adult GHD [53males,29 females,mean age (30.9 ± 12.3) years (18-65 years)] were reviewed retrospectively for evaluating the GH response to ITT in the General Hospital of the People' s Liberation Army.Control data for peak GH after ITT were obtained in 15 healthy subjects [9 males,6 females,mean age (26.7 ± 5.6) years (22-41 years)].Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis and the area under the curve (AUC) were used to evaluate the diagnostic cut-off point of peak GH and GH increment response to ITT.Results (1) Mean peak GH response to ITT was significantly higher in 15 controls compared with 82 patients (the median 14 μg/L vs 0.62 μg/L,P =0.001).The cut-off point of the peak GH(chemiluminescent immunoassay,CLIA) response to ITT in adult GHD was 4.935 μg/L (AUC 0.993).(2) Mean GH increment was significantly higher in 15 controls compared with 82 patients (the median 13.17 μg/L vs 0.19 ug/L,P＜0.001).The cut-off point of the GH increment was 4.088 μg/L(AUC 0.937),with a 91.5％ sensitivity and 100％ specificity.(3) The peak GH showed even higher diagnostic value than the GH increment after ITT.(4)The above mentioned cut-off points (peak GH less than 4.935 μg/L and 5 μg/L) had a coincidence with a 95.1％ sensitivity and 100％ specificity,respectively.Conclusion The current guidelines for the diagnosis of adult GHD based on the optimal cut-off point of the peak GH(CLIA) response to ITT less than 5 μg/L turned to be of reliable diagnostic value in our country.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of peroperative blood pressure and heart rate in patients with normotensive incidental pheochromocytomas in order to provide the basis for peroperative treatment. Methods This retrospective study collected the data of 104 patients with a pathological diagnosis of unilateral pheochromocytoma at PLA General Hospital during January 2011 to December 2016. They were divided into normotensive incidental pheochromocytomas(NIP) group (n＝50) if the patients were normotensive and HIP group ( n＝54) if the patients were with hypertension. The clinical features, imaging features and peroperative hemodynamics were analyzed. Results ( 1) The age, urinary norepinephrine, daily dosage and duration of phenoxybenzamine in NIP group were less than those of HIP group (all P<0.05). (2) Preinduction blood pressure, maximum blood pressure, and total fluid intake in NIP group were lower than those in HIP group(all P<0.05). The blood pressure range, heart rate range, increased blood pressure, minimum mean arterial pressure, vasoactive medication were without statistical significance between these two groups. ( 3) The times and rate of intraoperative systolic blood pressure more than 30% baseline, 200 mmHg (1 mmHg＝0.133 kPa), 180 mmHg, 160 mmHg, intraoperative tachycardia, bradycardia, intraoperative hypotension and postoperative hypotension were without statistical significance between these two groups. (4) Stratified analysis of age (50 years), phenoxybenzamine (40 mg/d), tumor diameter (50 mm) and preinduction blood pressure (130/80 mmHg) showed that intraoperative blood pressure and heart rate were without statistical significance between these two groups. ( 5) There was no correlation between phenoxybenzamine ( daily dosage or duration ) and peroperative hypotension. Applying phenoxybenzamine or vasoactive medication was not correlated with peroperative hypotension in NIP group. Conclusion The peroperative blood pressure and heart rate of patients with NIP are similar to those of patients with HIP. Adequate peroperative treatment should be applied to NIP to avoid hemodynamic instability.

Objective: To investigate the impact of symptom onset to first medical contact (SO-to-FMC)time on the prognosis of patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI). Methods: The clinical data of 341 consecutive STEMI patients, who were hospitalized to our hospital and received primary percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI) from August 2011 to April 2016, were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into ≤90 min group (201 cases) and >90 min group (140 cases) according to the SO-to-FMC time. The treatment time, mortality and incidence of major adverse cardiac and cerebro-vascular events(MACCE) were analyzed. The risk factor of 1-year mortality after PCI and 1-year incidence of MACCE during the post-discharge follow-up period were analyzed by binary logistic regression analysis. The predictor of 4.5-year mortality after PCI was analyzed by multivariate Cox regression analysis. Methods The door to balloon time (104(88, 125) min vs. 111(92, 144)min, P=0.023), first medical contact to balloon time(146(119, 197) min vs. 177(125, 237)min, P=0.005), and symptom onset-to-balloon time(200(170, 257) min vs. 338(270, 474)min, P<0.001)were all significantly shorter in the ≤90 min group than in>90 min group. The 30-day mortality (2.99% (6/201) vs. 7.86%(11/140), P=0.042), 1-year mortality (2.89 (5/173) vs. 9.57(11/115), P=0.015), 1-year incidence of MACCE during the post-discharge follow-up period(1.16%(2/173) vs. 6.96%(8/115), P=0.021), and 4.5-year cumulative mortality(3.00% vs. 11.20%, P=0.007) after PCI were significantly lower in the ≤90 min group than in the >90 min group. Moreover, the 4.5-year incidence with free of MACCE (97.20% vs. 88.80%, P=0.025) during the post-discharge follow-up period was significantly higher in the ≤90 min group than in the >90 min group. In-hospital mortality was similar between the two groups (2.49%(5/201) vs. 6.43%(9/140), P=0.071). Results: The door to balloon time (104(88, 125) min vs. 111(92, 144)min, P=0.023) , first medical contact to balloon time(146(119, 197) min vs. 177(125, 237)min, P=0.005), and symptom onset-to-balloon time(200(170, 257) min vs. 338(270, 474)min, P<0.001) were all significantly shorter in the ≤90 min group than in >90 min group. The 30-day mortality(2.99% (6/201) vs. 7.86%(11/140), P=0.042), 1-year mortality (2.89(5/173) vs. 9.57(11/115), P=0.015), 1-year incidence of MACCE during the post-discharge follow-up period (1.16%(2/173) vs. 6.96%(8/115), P=0.021), and 4.5-year cumulative mortality (3.00% vs. 11.20%, P=0.007) after PCI were significantly lower in the ≤90 min group than in the >90 min group. Moreover, the 4.5-year incidence with free of MACCE (97.20% vs. 88.80%, P=0.025) during the post-discharge follow-up period was significantly higher in the ≤90 min group than in the >90 min group. In-hospital mortality was similar between the two groups (2.49%(5/201) vs. 6.43%(9/140), P=0.071). Results of binary logistic regression analysis showed that the SO-to-FMC time >90 min was the risk factor of 1-year mortality(OR=2.90, 95%CI 1.22-6.92, P=0.016) and 1-year incidence of MACCE (OR=5.19, 95%CI 1.21-22.20, P=0.026) during the post-discharge follow-up period. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that the SO-to-FMC time >90 min was the risk factor of 4.5-year mortality after PCI in patients with STEMI (HR=2.88, 95%CI 1.10-7.53, P=0.031). Conclusion Shorting the SO-to-FMC time can significantly reduce the treatment time of STEMI patients, short and long-term mortalities and the incidence of MACCE, and improve the prognosis of patients with STEMI.

Objective:To investigate the stability and feasibility of improved silent MRA technique based on hybrid-arterial spin labeling(ASL) for imaging intracranial arterial stenosis.Methods:From September 2019 to May 2020, totally 35 patients with suspected intracranial vascular stenosis in Department of Neurology of Northern Jiangsu People′s Hospital were enrolled in this study. Silent MRA and improved silent MRA based on hybrid-ASL technique were performed respectively. The acquisition noise (noise measurement and subjective score) of two kinds of MRA examination were evaluated respectively. Two neuroradiologists performed image quality scoring and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) measurement of intracranial arteries (including internal carotid artery, vertebrobasilar artery, anterior cerebral artery, middle cerebral artery, and posterior cerebral artery) in the two kinds of MRA images using a double-blind, completely randomized method. Independent sample t-test was used to compare the image quality and SNR of two kinds of MRA images in each segment. Two experts assessed the degree of stenosis at the site of confirmed intracranial artery stenosis. Kappa test was used to assess interobserver and intermodel agreement. Results:There was no significant difference in acquisition noise between improved silent MRA and silent MRA ( P>0.05). In all five segments measured, the image quality scores of internal carotid artery [(4.40±0.49)scores], anterior cerebral artery[(4.30±0.33)scores] and middle cerebral artery [(4.46±0.34)scores] in improved silent MRA were higher than those in silent MRA images [(4.02±0.43)scores, (4.02±0.31)scores, (4.02±0.31)scores; t=2.825, 2.877, 1.683, all P<0.05)]. The SNR of internal carotid artery (9.11±1.23) and middle cerebral artery (8.77±1.87) in improved silent MRA images was higher than that in silent MRA images (7.83±1.33, 8.06±2.67, respectively; t=11.154, 3.268, both P<0.05). A total of 24 patients (38 lesions) with intracranial vascular stenosis were diagnosed by CTA. Improved silent MRA (Kappa=0.89, 95%CI 0.82-0.95) and silent MRA (Kappa=0.85, 95%CI 0.77-0.92) were highly consistent among observers in evaluating the degree of cerebrovascular stenosis.The results of improved silent MRA were highly consistent with those of CTA (Kappa=0.92, 95%CI 0.87-0.98), and those of silent MRA were highly consistent with those of CTA (Kappa=0.85, 95%CI 0.77-0.92). Conclusions:The improved silent MRA is feasible to improve the imaging quality and signal uniformity through efficient marking based on keeping the low noise features. In the diagnosis of intracranial stenosis and occlusive disease, the stability of improved silent MRA imaging improves the diagnostic efficiency of stenosis to a certain extent.

Objective:To observe the characteristics of the phagocytosis and bactericidal function of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis(MDR- Mtb)-infected macrophage model, and the changes of the immune response and metabolic function in the process of phagocytosis and bactericidal function, aiming to provide reference for studying the role and mechanism of macrophages in the occurrence and development of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis(MDR-TB). Methods:We established MDR- Mtb and H37Rv-infected macrophage models, and used the colony-forming unit (CFU), Magnetic Luminex ? Assay and Cholesterol Assay kit to observe the effects on phagocytosis and bactericidal function, the secretion of Th1(IL-12/23 p40, IL-27 and TNF-α) and Th2 cytokines (IL-6 and IL-10) and cholesterol metabolism. The data were analyzed by SPSS25.0 software. The data were expressed as Mean± SD and analyzed by t test or F test. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:(1) After MDR- Mtb-infected macrophages, the intracellular CFU gradually increased and reached the highest at 24 h, while the extracellular CFU gradually decreased and reached the lowest at 24 h. The intracellular CFU at 48 h was lower than that at 24 h, while the extracellular CFU was higher than that at 24 h ( P<0.05). Both intracellular and extracellular CFU at 48 h were close to those at 4 h ( P>0.05). The intracellular CFU was lower than the H37Rv group at 8-48 h, while the extracellular CFU was higher than the H37Rv group ( P<0.05). (2) The level of IL-12/23 p40, IL-27, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-10 of MDR-TB group were higher than those of blank group ( P<0.05), but the level of TNF-α and IL-6 at 24 h and 48 h were higher than that at 4 h ( P<0.05). IL-12/23 p40 and TNF-α at 48 h and IL-6 at 24 h were lower than those of the H37Rv group, while IL-27 at 48 h was higher than that of the H37Rv group ( P<0.05). (3) The levels of cholesterol of MDR-TB group at 24 h and 48 h were lower than those of 4 h and blank group ( P<0.05), but the level of cholesterol was similar to the H37Rv group at any time ( P>0.05). (4) TNF-α reached the highest when the intracellular CFU reached the highest at 24 h, and IL-6 reached the highest when the intracellular CFU decreased at 48 h. With the decreasing of cholesterol expression, the intracellular CFU increased and then decreased. Conclusions:MDR- Mtb could induce the phagocytosis and bactericidal function of macrophages, increase the expression of Th1 and Th2 cytokines and promote the utilization and consumption of cholesterol, but this function was weaker than that of H37Rv strain.

Reports of tuberculosis (TB) outbreaks among schoolchildren have increased in recent years in countries across the Western Pacific Region. Cases from China, Japan, Mongolia and the Republic of Korea were studied to derive lessons from the challenges and responses to TB outbreaks in schools. Despite differences in the TB burden and outbreak preparedness, the four countries reported similar challenges. These included delayed diagnosis of index cases, lack of experienced health professionals and sustained financial support, and difficulty in responding to intensified media and community attention. Early detection of outbreaks, established resource mobilization networks, coordination among stakeholders and proactive communication were highlights of successful outbreak responses. These principles could be adapted to each context for responses to future TB outbreaks in schools.