OBJECTIVE To analyze the cost-effective ratio on sterilized packing material to find out best materials.METHODS The value of 4 kinds of the materials were compared.RESULTS Four kinds of packing materials all had their advantage and disadvantage,in which the value of non woven was the highest.CONCLUSIONS The combination usage of different kinds of packing materials is a better method.

Objective To design a set of supply water processing system for disinfecting surgical instruments in integrated tertiary hospi-tal,and improve the quality of supply water for the instrument disinfection and control the cost of water. Methods Since October 2012,Wa-ter Disinfection Device for instrument in tertiary hospital CSSD was studied. And a system of integrated production and supply the softened wa-ter,level-one reverse osmosis purified water,secondary reverse osmosis pure water was designed,which can realize a steady supply of disinfec-tion water all the day. The equipment cleaning and instrument sterilization equipment running used softened water,final rinse and disinfection of equipment used level-one reverse osmosis water purification,the instrument sterilization with steam pressure for production used secondary reverse osmosis water purification. Results According to the design scheme,the equipment to supply and product water for integrated surgi-cal instruments disinfection was confirmed by processing water with specification,high efficiency and low cost for nearly three years,which sig-nificantly improved the quality of disinfection supply processing of the surgical instrument. Conclusion Only Focus on supply water for sur-gical instruments disinfection in the tertiary hospital,and improve the quality of the equipment disinfection supplies, which could provide se-curity for clinical medical treatment of sterile equipment.

As an indispensable equipment in modern hospital, medical sterilization equipment plays an important role in infection management. This paper introduces progresses and trends of several usual and novel sterilization equipments to benefit other hospitals.

Objective To investigate anti-inflammatory effect of recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO) on bronchopulmonary dysplasia in newborn rats exposed to hyperoxia.Methods Ninety-six Wistar newborn rats were randomly divided into 4 groups after birth:room air-exposed control group,room air-exposed rhEPO treated group,hyperoxia-exposed group,and the hyperoxia-exposed rhEPO treated group.The last two groups were exposed to oxygen,FiO2 =850 mL/L,room air-exposed rhEPO treated and hyperoxia-exposed rhEPO treated group received rhEPO 2 400 IU/kg subcutaneously at birth,30 minutes' before oxygen exposure and 2 d after birth.The isodose of 9 g/L saline was given in the same way in room air-exposed controls and hyperoxia-exposed pups.Rats from each group were sacrificed on day 3,7 and 10.Lung histology was observed under microscope,and mRNA expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and cytokine-induced neutrophil hemoattractant-1 (CINC-1) were determined with reverse transcriotion-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Results Under microscope,in the hyperoxia-exposed group,inflammatory cell influx was detected in the lungs on the 3rd day and there was marked neutrophlic infiltrate on the 7th day.Alveolar enlargement and fibrosis were evident on the 10th day.At the same time,the histopathological changes were improved greatly in the lungs of hyperoxia-exposed rhEPO treated pups compared with the hyperoxia-exposed pups.MCP-1 and CINC-1 mRNA expression increased in hyperoxia-exposed pups,compared with room air-exposed controls especially on the 7th day [(0.94 ± 0.45) vs (0.21 ± 0.03),P ＜ 0.001 ; (1.26 ± 0.29) vs (0.26 ± 0.06),P ＜ 0.001].MCP-1 and CINC-1 mRNA expression were greatly depressed in the hyperoxia-exposed rhEPO treated pups compared with the hyperoxia-exposed pups especially on the 7th day.[(0.65 ± 0.07) vs (0.94 ± 0.45),P＜0.05;(0.83±0.07) vs (1.26±0.29),P＜0.05].Conclusions The therapy of rhEPO (2 400 IU/kg) therapy can reduce lung inflammatory cell infiltration and alveolar fibrin deposition in newborn rats with hyperoxic lung injury,and it can restrain MCP-1 and CINC-1 mRNA expression.The anti-inflammatory mechanism of rhEPO is related to inhibition of MCP-l and CINC-1 mRNA expression.

OBJECTIVE To inspect and analyze the cleaning efficacy on surgical instrument after cleaning cycle and maintenance procedures.METHODS The medical instrument was collected from each department based on the weekly usages.Focus on the timing of the cleaning after use and the efficacy of the cleaning methods.Use naked eyes to inspect the cleanness of the medical instrument after each cleaning cycle.RESULTS The combination of the machine washing and manual washing immediately after the surgical procedures provided better cleaning efficacy.It was more difficult to clean the instrument once the dried bio-burden on it or after soaking in the chlorine disinfectant.CONCLUSIONS The correct cleaning methods and instrument care procedures guarantee the cleaning efficacy,disinfections,and the sterilization for the medical instrument.

As the necessary depletion material in hospitals,sterile packing material shows category diversification when being selected.This paper briefly analyzes the functions and values of domestic common sterile packing material such as pure cotton wrap cloth,hard quality packing container,paper/ plastics packing bag and the crease wrapping paper.Reasonable suggestions are also put forward.

Objective To develop a kind of multi-functional cleaning-out device for medical apparatus.Methods Drawing on experience of traditional medical apparatus cleaning techniques by human or machine,a new cleaning-out device was designed.The prototype was made and proofed by series of tests.Results This device has outstanding advantages in producing cost,cleaning quality and cleaning cost.Conclusion This device worth popularizing for its easy-operation and low cost.

B-D experiment is the main way to determine the safety of pulsation vacuum sterilization machine, but the positive result by B-D experiment doesn't always result from the error of the machine for too many influencing factors. In this paper, Analysis and verification of positive B-D experiment result are performed, and thus the sterilization machine can be used properly.

It has been well known that apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest are typical biological effects observed in cancer cells after proteasome inhibition. TH2 is a new natural xanthone analogue isolated from the resin of Garcinia hurburyi tree. Here, the cell growth inhibition of TH2 on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Bel-7402) was evaluated in vitro using SRB assay. The treatment of 10 ?mol/L TH2 reduced the surviving fraction from 86% (12 h) to 17.2% (48 h). To assess whether TH2 induce apoptosis, the appearance of sub-G1 peak, a specific fraction for apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analysis. Progressive increase in the percentage of apoptotic population was observed in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, a cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a marker of early apoptosis, was observed clearly when the cells exposed to 10 ?mol/L of TH2 for 24 h by immunoblotting analysis. In vitro activities of 20 S proteasome purified from human erythrocytes on fluorogenic peptide substrates revealed that TH2 inhibited the trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like and peptidylglutamyl peptide hydrolyzing activities in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the turnover of tumor suppressor p53, a sign of deregulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction by classical proteasome inhibitors, was disrupted in Bel-7402 cells. All these data indicate that TH2 had inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Bel-7402 cells and induction of apoptosis, which might be related to its inhibition of proteasome.

Objective · To compare the prevalence of tobacco advertisement before and after implementation of the new edition of Advertising Law of the People's Republic of China and evaluate the effects of implementation of the new Advertising Law. Methods · Tobacco sales places, public places, and streets in Shanghai were randomly selected to observe tobacco advertisement and complete the survey. The survey was carried out in 10 districts of Shanghai in June 2015 with 10 tobacco sales places selected in each district, and in 4 districts of Shanghai in June 2016 with 25 tobacco sales places selected in each district. Sales places included convenient stores, tobacco stores, supermarkets, and kiosks. In addition, public transport waiting points, public transport vehicles, hospitals, shopping centers, restaurants, bars, and Internet cafes were selected into survey in 2016. Results · In 2016, the proportion of tobacco sales places having tobacco advertisement was lower than that in 2015, but the proportion of tobacco promotion behaviors was higher. In 2016, 128 public places and streets were investigated and only 1 had outdoor tobacco advertisement. Conclusion · The new edition of Advertising Law has significant effect on controlling tobacco advertisement, but tobacco sales places still have tobacco advertisement with various disguised promotion forms. Tobacco sales places have diversified business styles and minors often enter these places. It is recommended that a clear definition of disguised forms of tobacco advertisement should be made, tobacco advertisement at tobacco sales places needs to be supervised, the release of tobacco advertisement should be strictly reviewed, and existing tobacco advertisement should be severely punished, so as to prevent minors from exposing to tobacco advertisement and information luring smoking.