Objective To discuss the efficacy and security of entecavir and interferon sequential combination therapy on chronic hepatitis B.Methods 108 patients with chronic hepatitis B were randomly divided into the sequential combination therapy group,the entecavir group and the interferon group.Each group had 36 cases.The efficacy and security of different therapy were observed.Results The HBV DNA negative rate of the sequential combination therapy group was 77.78％,and the ALT normalization rate was 91.67％,which were both higher than those of the entecavir group and the interferon group(x2 =14.40,22.12,20.07,18.47,all P ＜ 0.05).The total effective rate of the sequential combination therapy group was 91.67％,which was obviously higher than that of entecavir group and the interferon group(x2 =12.09,6.82,all P ＜ 0.05).The entecavir and interferon sequential combination therapy had a good security.Conclusion Entecavir combined with interferon sequential therapy in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B had a significant clinical efficacy and deserved promotion.

Objective To investigate the differences of the characteristic and syndrome of patients with alcoholic cirrhosis(AC) and viral cirrhosis(VC).Methods Seventy patients with AC and 300 patients with VC in the Binzhou People's Hospital were selected as our subjects.The information including gender,age,disease history,chnical syndrome were collected.Meanwhile,the levels of Aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase (AST/ALT),γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT),alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin (TBil) in serum were measured.Results The proportion of males in the AC group was 91.43％ (64/70),significantly higher than that of VC group(64％ (192/300),x2 =15.76,P =0.003)).The age,disease periods in AC group were (50.13 ± 12.35) years old and (2.09 ± 0.67) years,lower than the VC group ((58.66 ± 7.45) yearsold,t =3.97,P =0.042 ; (4.56 ± 1.14) years,t =5.22,P =0.034).There was no significant difference regarding of liver function index (P ＞ 0.05).The rate of nasal carp (18.57％),gum bleeding (27.14％),liver palms(64.29％),spider(45.71％) in the AC group were significantly higher than the VC group (6.33％,15.00％,47.00％,29.67％ respectively,P =0.017,0.036,0.025,0.016 respectively).The ratio of splenomegaly and esophageal varices were (81.43％) and (65.71％) in AC group,significantly lower than VC group (90.33％,86.00％ respectively,P =0.037,0.011 respectively).The cirrhosis laboratory parameters results showed AST/ALT ratio (1.97 ± 0.45),gamma-GT ((152.33 ± 23.41) U/L),ALP indicators ((232.46 ±35.16) U/L in AC group patients,which were significantly higher in the VC group(1.00± 0.22,(45.89 ± 11.23) U/L and (102.23 ± 21.78) U/L,P =0.035,0.011,0.007 respectively).Conclusion There are difference in term of characteristic,manifestations and the testing laboratory indicators between alcoholic cirrhosis and viral cirrhosis.

AIM:To investigate the effects of MG132,one of the proteasomal peptide aldehydes inhibitors,on lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced nuclear transcription factor-kappa B(NF-?B) activation,the production of nitric oxide(NO) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-?),as well as the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) in murine macrophage line RAW264.7.METHODS:Reporter gene assay was used to examine the activity of NF-?B by pNiFty-SEAP/HEK293 cells,which were transfected with the pNiFty reporter plasmid into human embryo kidney cells(HEK293).Fluorescence substrate DAF-2DA was used to testify NO level in Raw264.7 cell line induced by LPS.Furthermore,the secretion of TNF-? was examined by ELISA.Western blotting was used to reveal the expression of iNOS and I?B-?.RESULTS:MG132 significantly decreased the secretion of TNF-? induced by LPS,with the inhibitory rates of 36.7% and 60.4% to 5 ?mol/L and 10 ?mol/L MG132,respectively.The pro-inflammatory mediator NO production was decreased in a dose-dependent manner with the inhibitory rates increasing from 29.5%(2 ?mol/L) to 55.9%(10 ?mol/L).Pretreatment with MG132 reduced the expression of iNOS,but restored the I?B restrain caused by LPS treatment.Observed by a reporter gene assay,TNF-?-induced NF-?B activity was decreased gradually by addition of increasing concentration of MG132(2.5-10 ?mol/L).CONCLUSION:Our results suggest an anti-inflammation effect of MG132 by the suppression of LPS-induced the production of pro-inflammatory mediators including NO and TNF-?,and the expression of iNOS,which probably mediates the blockage of I?B degradation and NF-?B activation.

One major problem to successful treatment of cancer is the development of resistance by tumor cells to multiple chemotherapeutic drugs, a phenomenon named multidrug resistance (MDR). Searching for the novel chemotherapeutical agents is one of the important strategies for overcoming MDR. By using a cytotoxicity assay, flow cytometry analysis, Western-blotting and RT-PCR, a drug (Taxol, TAX) resistant human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cell line (KB/TAX) was established by addition of the drug to the cell cultures gradually, then a novel N-sugar substituted thalidomide analogue (STA-35) was investigated for its reversal effect on MDR of KB/TAX cells and possible mechanism. The results showed that KB/TAX cells were resistant to several chemotherapeutical agents, and the relative resistance to TAX was 73.1. Compared with parental KB cells, the function and protein expression of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), as well as mdr1 gene in the KB/TAX cells were remarkable reduced. Moreover, both KB and KB/TAX cells were sensitive to STA-35, the relative resistance to TAX on KB/TAX cells was decreased by the addition of STA-35. Furthermore, STA-35 (5 ～20 ?mol/L)was capable to reduced the activity of P-gp by increasing the accumulation of rhodamine 123, decreasing P-gp expression in KB/TAX cells in a dose dependent manner , but had no effect on the mdr1 gene expression. These results suggest a potential action of STA-35 as MDR reversing agent, and one of the possible mechanisms could be the suppression of P-gp function and protein expression.

Objective To investigate the protective effects of 1-hydroxy-2, 3, 5-trimethoxyxanthone (QGS) on acute lung injury of mice induced by ip lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Mice were pretreated with QGS for 7 d. Murine models of acute lung injury were duplicated by injection of LPS 20 mg/kg intraperitoneally. In 12 h, the lung weight index was observed and the NO level in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured with kits. The lung was also assessd for the expression of I-?B, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-Ⅱ (COX-2) using Western blotting analysis. Lung pathological changes were also observed by HE in each group. Results The lung weight index of injury lung in mice induced by LPS was decreased in 500 mg/kg QGS group (P

It has been well known that apoptosis induction and cell cycle arrest are typical biological effects observed in cancer cells after proteasome inhibition. TH2 is a new natural xanthone analogue isolated from the resin of Garcinia hurburyi tree. Here, the cell growth inhibition of TH2 on human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line (Bel-7402) was evaluated in vitro using SRB assay. The treatment of 10 ?mol/L TH2 reduced the surviving fraction from 86% (12 h) to 17.2% (48 h). To assess whether TH2 induce apoptosis, the appearance of sub-G1 peak, a specific fraction for apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry analysis. Progressive increase in the percentage of apoptotic population was observed in a dose-and time-dependent manner. Furthermore, a cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a marker of early apoptosis, was observed clearly when the cells exposed to 10 ?mol/L of TH2 for 24 h by immunoblotting analysis. In vitro activities of 20 S proteasome purified from human erythrocytes on fluorogenic peptide substrates revealed that TH2 inhibited the trypsin-like, chymotrypsin-like and peptidylglutamyl peptide hydrolyzing activities in dose-dependent manner. Moreover, the turnover of tumor suppressor p53, a sign of deregulation of cell cycle progression and apoptosis induction by classical proteasome inhibitors, was disrupted in Bel-7402 cells. All these data indicate that TH2 had inhibitory effect on the proliferation of Bel-7402 cells and induction of apoptosis, which might be related to its inhibition of proteasome.

To screen antitumor active compounds, drug-like or leading compounds from Chinese traditional and herbal drugs.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the prevalence of DHA AmpC ?-lactamases mediated by plasmid in Klebsiella pneumoniae in China.METHODS Antimicrobial susceptibility test was conducted by the methods of double agar dilution and ESBLs confirmatory in K-B method according to the criteria of guidelines of CLSI.AmpC ?-lactamases were detected on the basis that AmpC ?-lactamases could be inhibited by 3-aminophenylboronic acid(APB).Gene chip technology and PCR were used to detect ESBLs and AmpC gene.RESULTS Among total 34 isolates of K.pneumoniae 32(94.1%) produced AmpC ?-lactamases and ESBLs.The most common(38.3%) were types DHA and TEM and SHV.MIC50 and MIC90 of all strains to all tested antimicrobial agents were lower than 34 strains tested 0.25?g/ml and 0.5?g/ml.Fourteen strains AmpC and ESBLs were conjugated successfully.CONCLUSIONS DHA AmpC ?-lactamases mediated by plasmid are the most common in K.pneumoniae in General Hospital of PLA of China.The most common(38.3%) are types DHA and TEM and SHV.Fourteen(41.2%) strains can be spreaded by plasmid.

It has been shown that Spirulina platensis can regulate imminological functions.We report here that crude extract and purified components (phycocyanin and polysaccharide) from Spirulina platensis can induce secretion of IL 2 in splenocyte of BALB/C mice by means of MTT method.In the present study,we showed that all experimental components can't enhance proliferation of CTLL which was used in MTT method,but induce IL 2 secretion in splenocyte of BALB/C mice in three different concentration (0.01,0.1,1 g?L -1 ).Indeed the purified components especially phycocyanin part showed stronger IL 2 inducing activity than the crude one.IL 2 level was grow up when the incubation time of splenocyte and Spirulina platensis increased.In the concentration of 1 g?L -1 ,detected Spirulina platensis in our study assist IL 2 inducing of ConA (2mg?L -1 ) in splenocyte of BALB/C mice.