Thirty-six cases of astrocytoma (10 cases each of gradeⅠ and grade Ⅱ,and eight cases each of grade Ⅲ and grade Ⅳ) with definite followup data were studied with microspec-trophotometry on Feulgen stained slides to determine the nuclear area and the DNA content.10 specimens of normal brain tissue or brain tissue with gliosis were observed with the same technique.It was found that there was no significant difference of the nuclear size between the cells of grade Ⅰ astrocytoma and those with gliosis,but the DNA content was significantly higher in the former than in the latter.And there was also defference of the histograms between the 2.The higher the grading of astrocytoma,the larger the nuclear area,and the higher the DNA content.The peak values of the histograms were shifted rightward with a scattering of the values.In addition,along with the increase of DNA index,there was a decline of the survival curve of the patients with an obvious shortening of the survival time.The findings suggest that nuclear DNA quantitation can serve as an auxiliary tool to differentiate grade.I astrocytoma from gliosis,to grade astrocytomas and to predict the prognosis.

ObjectiveTo verify the relation between the infection of Hp strains with cag A gene and the occurrence of gastric cancer.MethodsThis study included 36 chronic superficial gastritis samples and 30 gastric cancer samples. Diagnosis was made by the endoscopic biopsy, laparotomy, and pathology. Cag A gene was determined by PCR technique.ResultsTotal cag A gene positive rate in chronic superficial gastritis group was 33%,and 80% in gastric cancer group ( P

Objective To summarize the surgery effect of removal of tuberculum sellae meningiomas by anterior interhemispheric approach.Methods The data of 18 cases of removal of tuberculum sellae meningiomas by anterior interhemispheric approach were analyzed retrospectively.Results Simpson grade Ⅰ resection was achieved in 5 cases;grade Ⅱ in 10 cases and grade Ⅲ in 3 cases.15 patients were followed up for 6 months to 7 years,3.1 years on average.6 patients recovered normal ability in work and life,6 patients' symptom was improved after sugery,3 patients' postoperative visual acuity remained unchanged,2 patients got the result of medium disability and 1 patient died.Conclusion Large tuberculum sellae meningiomas that grows anteriorly and superiorly can be well exposed through anterior interhemispheric approach,the amount of page pull is reduced,so the satisfactory sugical effect can be achieved.

Objective To compare the effect of active compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation(ACD-CPR) with standard- cardiopulmonary resuscitation(S-CPR) on ventricular function in a canine ventricular fibrillation model. Methods Ventricular fibrillation was induced in anesthetized and instrumented canine. Twenty-four dogs were randomly assigned to either ACD-CPR group or S-CPR group.After 4 minutes of untreated VF,two-dimension echocardiography was used to evaluate the left ventricular end-diastolic volume(LVEDV),left ventricular end-systolic volume(LVESV) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) of every canine of the two groups when they were undergoing cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Results During ventricular fibrillation, both ACD-CPR group and S-CPR group showed decreased LVEDV compared with pre-ventricular fibrillation, but not statistically significant( P ＞0.05).LVEDV was increased in ACD-CPR group compared with S-CPR group, but not statistically significant (P＞ 0. 05). Both ACD-CPR group and S-CPR group showed significantly increased LVESV compared with pre-ventricular fibrillation,of which the difference was statistically significant ( P ＜0. 001). Both ACD-CPRgroup and S-CPR group showed significantly decreased LVEF compared with pre-ventricular fibrillation,of which the difference was statistically significant (P ＜0. 001). LVEF was increased in ACD-CPR group compared with S-CPR group,of which the difference was statistically significant ( P = 0.019). Conclusions Compared with S-CPR,ACD-CPR resulted in higher LVEF.

Thirty-seven cases of brain glioma,confirmed by light microscopy and immuno-'histochemistry were studied with transmission electron microscopy.It was found that there were certain ultrastructural features for each type and each grade of glioma.In astrocytoma,there was certain amount of glial filaments in the tumor cells; Rosenthal fibers consisted of irregular osmiophilic masses surrounded with glial filaments,occasionally cytoplasmic annulate lamellae and intranuclear filaments could be seen,and the interstitial capillaries were characteristic.In typical oligodendroglioma,astrocytic processes containing glial filaments were quite present in different amounts.These findings suggest that observation on the ultrastructure of gliomas is of significance to establish the diagnosis,to assess the degree of differentiation,and to identify some rare structures which can reveal the essence of the tumor.In addition,ultrastructural observation is helpful for prognosis.

Objective To investigate the impact of early initiation of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) based on Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) classification on the prognosis of critically ill patients with acute kidney injury (AKI). Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data of patients diagnosed as AKI in Department of Critical Care Medicine of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from January 2011 to January 2015 was conducted. All patients included should be 18 years old or older, having stayed in intensive care unit (ICU) for more than 48 hours, and received CRRT. All subjects were divided into three groups according to their renal function before CRRT according to the KDIGO-AKI guideline: AKI-stage 1 group, AKI-stage 2 group and AKI-stage 3 group. The general condition, original disease, severity of disease, duration of mechanical ventilation, the length of ICU or hospital stay, 28-day survival rate and in-hospital mortality rate were compared among these three groups. Additionally, risk factors for the 28-day survival rate and hospital mortality of critically ill patients with AKI were screened by logistic regression analysis. Results A total of 258 critically ill patients with AKI were enrolled, with 64 cases in AKI-stage 1 group, 62 cases in AKI-stage 2 group, and 132 cases in AKI-stage 3 group. 116 patients survived with 28-day survival rate of 44.96%. 154 patients died with hospital mortality 59.69%. The precipitating factors of AKI in all three groups (stage 1, stage 2, and stage 3) were similar, with sepsis, heart failure and poisoning (drugs or poison) being the main triggers for AKI, accounting for 35.66%, 19.38% and 13.18%, respectively. There were significant differences in the rate of vasoactive agent usage (31.25%, 41.94%, 50.00%, χ2 = 6.241, P = 0.044), acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score (20.87±7.37, 17.19±7.02, 22.58±7.95, F = 5.292, P = 0.006) and sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score (8.41±3.46, 6.22±2.43, 9.58±3.71, F = 10.328, P = 0.000), while there was no significant difference in gender, age, primary disease, time from ICU admission to the beginning of CRRT, mean arterial pressure (MAP), lactate level or 24-hour lactate clearance rate (LCR), mechanical ventilation time, the length of ICU or hospital stay, 28-day survival rate or hospital mortality among these three groups (all P > 0.05). According to the logistic regression analysis, time from ICU admission to start of CRRT and lactate level were the independent risk factors for 28-day survival rate or hospital mortality of critically ill patients with AKI [odds ratio (OR) for 28-day survival rate was 0.850 and 0.774, 95% confidence interval (95%CI) was 0.752-0.960 and 0.638-0.940, P value was 0.009 and 0.010, respectively; OR for hospital mortality was 0.884 and 0.756, 95%CI was 0.781-1.000 and 0.610-0.939, P value was 0.049 and 0.011, respectively]. Conclusion Early initiation of CRRT based on KDIGO-AKI classification could not improve the prognosis of critically ill patients with AKI, the optimal timing of RRT for such patients remains to be further explored.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation board (CPR Board) is an essential tool in emergency care, which can keep the patient's airway open and support the patient in the administration of CPR. This paper introduces the structure, performances and clinical trials of a CPR board.

Objective Study and determine the suitable negative pressure condition for a negative pressure isolator. Method The filter efficiency, pressure, capabilities of inner environment and physiological parameters of the user were tested in different negative pressure conditions. Results The different negative pressure conditions influence above mentioned capabilities of the isolator considerably except for the filter efficiency Conclusion Under the conditions of -30Pa～-50Pa,those are optimized the capabilities of inner environment and physiological parameters of the user.

Objective To explore the TCM pathogenesis regularity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD);To provide basis for clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment. Methods A cross-sectional study was used. The clinical observation form of NAFLD was used to collect the patient data. Factor analysis and singular value decomposition methods were used to study the internal factors of the four diagnostic characteristics. The differences between the various analytical methods were compared. Results Factor analysis used the α factor analysis method, the principal component method, and the image factor method. The results of α-factor analysis were the best. The first three factors had the highest explanatory rates of data, namely spleen-dampness factor, kidney deficiency factor and qi deficiency factor, which constituted the basic pathogenesis factor of NAFLD. The singular value decomposition method obtained 3 singular values, namely spleen and kidney qi deficiency, liver and kidney yin deficiency, and qi and yin deficiency, also highlighted the spleen and kidney deficiency in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Conclusion Spleen-kidney deficiency plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. Treatment based on deficiency for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has great clinical significance.

AIM: To explore the expression of CD14 in rat Kupffer cells (KCs). METHODS: In rat KCs induced by LPS or the mediators from KCs induced by LPS,the changes of CD14 expression were measured by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry.The expressions of TNF? mRNA?IL-6 mRNA or the concentrations of TNF??IL-6 were estimated by in situ hybridization and radioimmunoassay,respectively. RESULTS: LPS increased the expression of CD14 in KCs in a dose-dependent fashion (LPS,1 ?g/L-10 mg/L) and in a time-dependent fashion(0.5 h-24 h,peaked at 3-6 hours). While the expression of CD14 in KCs stimulated by the active mediators from KCs which had been exposed to LPS 1 hour were obviously increased. CONCLUSIONS: There was a close relationship between LPS or the active mediators from KCs induced by LPS and the expressions of CD14. It is implied that the increase in CD14 expression may be induced by LPS and the cytokines produced by KCs,it also reveals that there is a auto-regulated loop in CD14 expression.