The establishment and development of the modern medical education in China was related with F. C. Yen, M. D., a famous medical educator, a public hygiene expert and the originator of the modern medical education in China. He made a correct assessment of the deep distress situation in China in the first half of the 20th century. Taking public health education as the most important thing in China at his time, he did his utmost to spread the idea of medical prevention. Based on many years of his experience of teaching and management, he formed a complete set of all-round construction of the modern medical education in China. This paper aims at discussing the theoretical and practical significance of his idea of medical prevention by analyzing his activities of the medical education.