The authors determined the concentration of matrine in rabbit blood plasma with HPLC after it was injected intravenously at constant rate and studied the pharmacokinetics with following five dosage groups of 10,15,20,30 and 60 mg/kg,respectively.As a result,the pharmacokinetics of matrine in rabbit body coincides with two-compartment open model.For 10-30mg/kg dosage groups,the t_(1/2)?,Vc and CLS are similar basically. A direct proportion increase in AUC as dose is increased.The matrine reveals linear elim- ination.For 60 mg/kg dosage group,t_(1/2)? obviously lengthens.AUC increases over pro- portion.The elimination of matrine is nonlinear.

OBJECTIVE To compare the changing trends of antibiotic resistance of Proteus mirabilis isolates.METHODS A total of 288 P.mirabilis isolates obtained from clinical patients in the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University between 2001-2006 were included in the study.K-B test was used to determine the susceptibility and the results were read based on National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS)of the USA.RESULTS The sensitivity of P.mirabilis isolates to imipenem,ceftazidime,cefotaxime,aztreonam,cefoperazone-tazobactam,cefepime,amikacin and piperacillin was from 74.5% to 95.2%,meanwhile there was a low sensitivity to ampicillin,cefazolin,ciprofloxacin,sulfamethoxazole co.and tetracycline,from 2.3% to 58.8%.CONCLUSIONS The result of antimicrobial susceptiveity test may instruct the applications of clinical antibiotics.

0.99).The limits of detection were below 0.5 ?g/L.The rates of recovery for the spiked samples ranged from 70.1% to 117.9% and the relative standard deviations(RSD) were between 0.4%-16.1%.Conclusion The method is simple,rapid,accurate and is applicable to the simultaneous determination of multi-pesticide residues in drinking water.

Objective To investigate the TH1/TH2 patterns by calculating the percentage of TH1, TH2 cells, and the TH1/TH2 ratio of peripheral blood from patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH). Methods The percentage of TH1 and TH2 cells in peripheral blood from 15 normal pregnant controls and 20 PIH patients (including 12 moderate and 8 severe cases) were calculated using flow cytometry for the analysis of both the surface marker CD3 CD8 and intracellular cytokines, interleukin-4 (IL-4), and interferon-? (IFN-?). Results The percentage of TH1 cells and the ratio of TH1/TH2 in PIH patients were significantly higher than those in the normal third-trimester pregnant controls [(20.50?4.02)% vs (12.57?2.18)%, P

Objective To determine the efficacy of the double balloon catheter in ripening and dilatation of the unfavorable cervix for induction of labor .Methods A total of 332 full-term women who were underwent induction of labor with the double balloon devices were collected for retrospective analysis .Cervix was assessed before the double balloon insertion and after it was removed 12 hours later, then amniotomy alone or combined with oxytocin was performed .Cord blood gases were analyzed .Results The double balloon catheter increased Bishop score in all subgroups with a mean improvement of 2.5 ±0.7 ( P <0.05 ) .The mean insertion-deliv-ery interval was (19.07 ±4.31)h.Cesarean section was performed in 80/332 (24.1%) patients.Cord arterial pH value was 7.3 ± 0.1 .Conclusions The double balloon catheter induced significant ripening and dilatation of the unfavorable cervix .It was effective and safe.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between blood pressure, blood glucose or blood lipids and patients with cerebral infarction (CI) or intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in diff erent age or gender. Methods: hT e case-control study consecutively recruited patients with if rst-ever-in-a-lifetime CI (n=358) and ICH (n=230) and community-acquired pneumonia (n=165) as controls between January 2010 and December 2013 at the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University. hT epatients with CI or ICH were divided into the young group, the middle-aged group and the older group, and the risk factors were compared between the 3 groups. hTe patients with CI or ICH were respectively further divided into the male group and the female group. hTe blood pressure, glucose and lipids were measured. Results: Data from logistic regression models showed that CI was closely associated with high blood pressure, hypertension, diabetes mellitus (DM) or fasting plasma glucose (FPG) (P<0.05), and ICH was closely related to high blood pressure, hypertension, low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), FPG, serum creatinine (SCr) or alcohol drinking (P<0.05); hypertension was the main risk factor for stroke. hTe odds ratios for the young, the middle-aged and older group were 10.43, 4.74 and 7.39 respectively (P<0.05). Systolic blood pressure (OR=28.74) was the important risk factor for the young stroke, and the OR is 2.81 for the middle-aged stroke. Diastolic blood pressure (OR=2.96) and DM (OR=6.25) were the risk factor for the middle-aged stroke. LDL-C (OR=2.87) was a risk factor for the older stroke; the mean levels of diastolic blood pressure in males were signiifcantly increased compared with that in females with CI, while the mean levels of TC, HDL-C or LDL-C in females were signiifcantly higher than that in males with ICH (P<0.05). Conclusion: Hypertension, systolic blood pressure in particular, is the most common risk factor for young stroke patients. DM and hypertension are the risk factors for the middle-aged patients, while hypertension, DM, LDL-C and alcohol consuming are the risk factors for the aged patients.

Objective To understand the adverse reaction profile of linezolid during clinical treatment,especially lactic acidosis and pancytopenia.Methods One case of linezolid-induced lactic acidosis and pancytopenia was described in a patient receiving long-term treatment in our hospital.Similar cases were searched and identified from literatures reports both in China and abroad from 2000 to 2015 for further review.The data were analyzed in terms of patient age,sex,underlying conditions,as well as onset time,clinical characteristics,and outcomes of the adverse reaction.Results A total of 50 similar cases (male/female ratio:1.78∶1) were analyzed,42.0％ of which were old patients (at least 65 years old).Liver and/or renal insufficiency was found in 20 cases (40.0％).The onset of lactic acidosis was at 5.5 weeks after initiation of linezolid on average,and the onset of pancytopenia was at 3.5 weeks after initiation of linezolid.Conclusions Linezolid-induced lactic acidosis or pancytopenia is more frequently found in the elderly patients with hepatic dysfunction and long-term treatment.

Objective:To compare the personal characteristics between the patients with paradoxical insomnia and the patients with primary insomnia or the normal sleepers.Methods:A case-control study with the proportion at 1∶1∶1 was carried out.The patients with paradoxical insomnia were diagnosed in Sleep Medicine Center of West China Hospital of Sichuan University between March 2013 and December 2013.A case of paradoxical insomnia was matched with two controls:a primary insomnia patient and a normal sleeper.A total of 63 matched cases were collected.A face-to-face survey was conducted by using the following scales:General Data Scale and Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ).Results:The average scores of psychoticism,extraversion,and neuroticism for paradoxical insomnia cases were (52.1±10.2),(49.6±9.8),and (56.0±12.0),respectively.In general,31.7% of paradoxical insomnia patients had psychoticism or psychoticism tendency in their personality,which were more obvious than those in primary insomnia patients (7.9%) (x2=l 1.228,p<0.0125) and normal sleepers (0) (X2=23.774,P<0.0125).Moreover,19.0% of paradoxical insomnia patients had extroversion or extroversion tendency in their personality,which were more significant than those in primary insomnia patients (3.2%) (Z=-4.047,P<0.0125) but less obvious than those in normal sleepers (60.3%) (Z=-4.754,P<0.0125).Also,46.0% of paradoxical insomnia patients had neuroticism or neuroticism tendency in their personality,which were more significant than those in normal sleepers (0) (x2=37.670,P<0.0125) but similar to those in primary insomnia patients (52.4%) (x2=0.508,P>0.0125).Conclusion:The personal characteristics for paradoxical insomnia patients did not reached obviously abnormal level.However,their psychoticism tendency,extroversion tendency and neuroticism tendency needed to be paid attention.

Objective To evaluate the reliability and validity of three-district and four-level triage standards in adult emergency department.Methods A randomized sampling cross-sectional study was conducted. A total of 1106 emergency adult patients admitted to the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University in Hunan Province from December 2015 to April 2016 were enrolled. The triage was independently performed by 12 nurses according to the emergency triage criteria. Based on the shift style, 2 nurses were assigned to each shift as the triage guider and assistant respectively, who did the triage for every patient independently. The clinical data were recorded as follows: the demographic data, emergency information (triage time, emergency way, complaints, vital signs, and conscious state), triage information (triage level, admitted department), waiting time, treatment time, destination and outcomes. The reliability of three-district and four-level triage standards was analyzed by Spearman correlation, and the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) was plotted to evaluate its validity.Results ① A total of 254 patients were enrolled for reliability evaluation in the first 2 weeks of the study. The overall internal consistency rate ofthe triage instructors and the triage assistants was 72%, the total Kappa value was 0.686 [95% confidence interval (95%CI) = 0.608-0.757,P < 0.001]. ② Validity analysis showed that in the 1125 emergency patients collected during the study, a total of 1106 patients were finally enrolled in the analysis excluding the patients who refused to accept the treatment, whose data was incomplete and who was diagnosed as prehospital death. With the increase of three-district and four-level triage level, a significant increase was showed in the waiting time of patients, the treatment time, and the retention rate; on the contrary, the salvage rate, the hospitalization rate, hospitalization time, emergency mortality, in-hospital mortality and total mortality rate were decreased [the waiting time of patients from triage level 1 to 4 (minutes) was 1.00 (1.00, 1.75), 1.00 (1.00, 5.00), 8.00 (2.00, 23.00), 10.00 (4.50, 28.00), the treatment received time (minutes) was 1.00 (1.00, 10.00), 6.00 (1.00, 23.00), 48.00 (25.00, 105.00), 87.00 (41.00, 140.00), the retention rate was 4.76%, 10.94%, 55.91%, 42.86%, the salvage rate was 95.24%, 87.94%, 20.81%, 0%, the hospitalization rate was 57.14%, 70.98%, 53.62%, 20.41%, the hospitalization time (days) was 19.50 (9.75, 28.00), 11.00 (8.00, 17.00), 12.00 (8.25, 17.00), 10.50 (8.75, 15.25), the emergency mortality was 19.05%, 6.92%, 1.41%, 0%, the in-hospital mortality was 16.67%, 15.09%, 6.25%, 0%, and the total mortality rate was 28.57%, 17.63%, 4.76%, 0%, allP < 0.05]. ROC curve analysis showed that the area under ROC curve (AUC) of three-district and four-level triage standards for identifying patients needed an immediate intervention (triage level 1 to 2) was 0.854 (95%CI = 0.831-0.878), and the sensitivity and specificity were 78.62% and 89.89%, respectively, the misdiagnosis rate was 10.11%, and the missed diagnosis rate was 21.38%.Conclusion The three-district and four-level triage standards were proved to be a reliable and valid instrument, which can distinguish the severity of the disease and help nurses to triage patients correctly.

Objective To investigate the resting-state functional connectivity of the two hemispheres between multiple system atrophy (Parkinsonian type,MSA-P) and Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods A total of 25 MSA-P,29 PD patients and 29 well-matched healthy controls recruited in the Nanjing Brain Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from June 2013 to December 2015 were scanned with resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging for voxel mirrored homotopic correlation (VMHC) analysis.The Mini Mental State Examination,Montreal Cognitive Assessment,Frontal Assessment Battery and Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale-Ⅲ (UPDRS-Ⅲ) were used to assess the clinical symptom.Then the relationship between the change of VMHC values and severity of clinical symptoms was investigated.Results Compared with healthy controls,MSA-P and PD patients both showed decreased VMHC in bilateral cerebellum posterior lobe,precuneus gyrus,middle temporal gyrus,and postcentral gyrus.Compared with PD or healthy controls,MSA-P patients exhibited lower VMHC in bilateral putamen.Significant negative correlation between VMHC values of putamen and UPDRS-Ⅲ scores was found in MSAP patients (r =-0.607,P =0.001).Conclusion These functional changes suggest that the abnormal interhemispheric synchrony probably plays an important role in pathophysiology of both MSA-P and PD,and abnormal VMHC values in putamen of MSA-P may be helpful in differentiating MSA-P from PD.