Objective To study the possibility of endoscopic thyroidectomy. Methods Benign thyroid tumors, with diameter between 22 mm and 38 mm, were successfully removed in 8 patients by endoscopic thyroidectomy through anterior chest wall. Results The mean operation time was 120 min (range, 60 min～180 min), and the mean intraoperative blood loss was 20 ml (range, 10 ml～50 ml). No intraoperative or postoperative complications occurred. And no scars remained. Conclusions Endoscopic thyroidectomy through anterior chest wall is a safe and effective procedure for benign thyroid tumors, with excellent cosmetic results in the neck postoperatively.

A method was developed for simultaneous determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and isoquinoline alkaloids in honey by dispersive solid phase extraction and high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry ( QuEChERS-HPLC-MS/MS) . The honey samples were extracted with acetonitrile solution and cleaned up with PSA absorbent. Agilent Poroshell 120 SB-C18 chromatographic column was used to separate alkaloids with high sensitivity and satisfactory resolution. The identification and quantification were achieved by using electrospray ionization in positive ion mode ( ESI+) with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM). Matrix-matched calibration curves with good correlation coefficients (R2>0. 99) were obtained in the concentration range of 0. 1-100 μg/L. The recoveries of the spiked samples at 1-100 μg/kg were in the range of 70% to 110% with the RSD of intra-day and inter-day lower than 15% and 20%, respectively. The limits of detection ( LOD) and limits of quantification ( LOQ) for all alkaloids were 0. 3 and 1. 0 μg/kg, respectively. This method was successfully applied to the simultaneous determination of pyrrolizidine alkaloids and isoquinoline alkaloids for quantification and confirmation in honey samples.

Objective To discuss the correlation between procrastination and the mentalities of anxiety and depression among medical postgraduates,so as to carry out mental health work effectively.Methods 423 medical postgraduates in Central South University were assessed randomly, using General Procrastination Scale (GPS),Self-rating Anxiety Scale(SAS),Self-rating Depression Scale (SDS).Results Procrastination score and incidence in medical postgraduates was 54.92±8.40 and 60.99%respectively,the differences of procrastination scores(53.3l±8.21,55.90±8.30,55.75±8.49,P=0.013)and incidences(52.60%,66.09%,65.58%.P =0.028)among three grades were statistically significant.Both total coarse score of anxiety and that of depressionwere higher than that of the whole country(31.24±7.40,29.78±10.07,P=0.000;34.8±8.11,33.46±8.55,P=0.000),the differences were statistically significant.Procrastination had a positive correlation with anxiety and depression significantly(r=0.304,P=0.000;r=0.369,P=0.000),the higher the grade was,the weaker the intensity of correlation was.Hish-delay group,low-delay group and normal-behavior group had different deglees of anxiety(46.63±10.55,44.01±10.12,38.32±7.57,P=0.000)and depression(51.45±10.12,47.81±10.78,40.69±8.23,P=0.000),which was statistically significant.Conclusion Anxiety and depression among medical postgraduates were outstanding and had a close relationship with procrastination behavior,which should be taken seriously and handled by strengthening mental health education.

Objective: To observe the clinical efficacy of application in canicular days plus enteral nutrition in treating cough variant asthma (CVA) in kids, and to explore its action mechanism. Methods:Following a randomized controlled single-blind parallel-group design, 138 eligible kids with CVA were randomized into an observation group, a canicular-day application group, and an enteral nutrition group, 46 kids in each group. The canicular-day application group was intervened by application in canicular days, the enteral nutrition group was by enteral feeding, and the observation group was by both canicular-day application and enteral feeding. The therapeutic efficacies were evaluated after a treatment course. Results: The recovery rate and total effective rate were respectively 50.0% and 98.0% in the observation group, versus 23.9% and 91.3% in the canicular-day application group, and 13.0% and 78.6% in the enteral nutrition group. The observation group was significantly superior to the other two groups (bothP<0.05). In comparing the global symptom score, peak expiratory flow (PEF), forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), CD3+, CD4+, CD4+/CD8+, CD8+, hemoglobin (Hb), total protein (TP), albumin (ALB), eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), lipid peroxide (LPO), leukotriene (LT), body weight (BW), triceps skin-fold (TSF), and arm muscle circumference (AMC), the observation group was significantly better than the other two groups (bothP<0.05). Conclusion:Application in canicular days plus enteral nutrition can significantly improve the pulmonary function and symptoms in children’s CVA, and the effect is possibly produced by regulating cellular immune system, enhancing Hb, TP, ALB, BW, TSF, AMC, and inhibiting the production of ECP, LPO, and LT.

Objective To figure out and verify infiltration related miRNAs in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BUC). Methods Fresh tissues (20 samples,12 were infiltrative BUC samples,8 were non-infiltrative BUC samples) were collected in liquid nitrogen.The total RNA was extracted by using Trizol reagents.RNA quality control; miRNA microarray hybridization; data analysis.Another 22 samples were collected in fresh (15 were infiltrative BUC samples,7 were non-infiltrative BUC samples) for verifying purpose.4 types of bladder cancer cell lines were used for the study.BUC cell strain; total RNA was extracted by Trizol reagents; RNA quality control; RT-PCR and analysis of the data. Results ①In infiltrative BUC group,compared with non-infiltrative BUC group,there were 7 differentially expressed miRNAs:hsa-miR29c,hsa-miR-200a,hsa-miR-378,hsa-miR-429,hsa-miR-200c and hsa-miR-141 were up-regulated; hsamiR-451 was down-regulated.②In collected samples,the result of RT-PCR was consistent with miRNA array.③In bladder cancer cell lines,only the results of T24 were consistent with miRNA array. Conclusion Infiltration of BUC might relate with different expression of miRNAs.

Objective To obtain the peptide mass fingerprintings(PMF)of serums of the patients with bone metastasis and with-out metastasis and to filtrate and identify the differential serum proteins of patients with bone metastasis after radical mastectomy . To establish diagnostic models for diagnosis of bone metastasis after breast cancer operation .Methods Two groups of serum sam-ples were analyzed by ClinprotTM MALDI-TOF MS and gain PMF ,18 samples from patients with merely bone metastasis and 18 samples from patients without metastasis .Characteristic protein peaks were analyzed and selected by analyses software within Clin-prot system .Every group was repeated 2 times .Results All serum samples were repeated after 5 days and the fingerprintings were similar to the former .4 protein peaks were selected randomly to compute coefficient of variation which are less than 30% .The Clin-prot system has excellent repeatability .No differential protein was detected by analyzing PMF (P>0 .05) .Conclusion No differen-tial serum protein exists in patients with bone metastasis and without metastasis and detecting differential protein in peripheral blood may be impossible .

OBJECTIVE To study the electrophysiological character of the Auditory Brainstem Response to Speech Sounds (s-ABR) in healthy adults. METHODS We assessed the auditory brainstem response to a synthesized stop-consonant speech syllable /da/ in 40 native-Chinese speech adults (20 female). Timing components of the response were compared between males and females to determine the relationship between inducing rate ,latency of waves and sex and age of participants. RESULTS The latency of wave V and A was shorter in females was that of males (Vt(38)=-3.601, P =0.001, At(38)=-2.829, P=0.007).The other peaks latency except V、A can see difference between gender but do not have statistics differences (P>0.05); The latency has no statistical difference in different age (P>0.05); The amplitude has no statistical difference in different gender and age (P>0.05). CONCLUSION The waves of s-ABR has good stability for studying mechanism of auditory speech processing tools.

Objective: To understand the concentrations and source of SO42-,NO3-,Cl- and NH4+ in atmospheric PM2.5 in Zhoushan,and to provide reference for controlling PM2.5 and formulating effective environmental protection measures. Methods: Monitoring sites in new districts of Zhoushan were set up to continuously collect PM2.5 from 10th to 16th of each month and under the hazy weather during 2015-2016（AQI > 200）. The mass concentration of PM2.5 was measured by weighing method,and the concentrations of SO42-,NO3-,Cl- and NH4+ in PM2.5 components was detected by ion chromatography. Results: The average daily concentration of PM2.5 in Zhoushan from 2015 to 2016 was（40.91±27.39）μg/m3. The concentration of the four water-soluble non-metal ions in PM2.5 components was 3.56-103.03 μg/m3,with an average of（23.06±20.00）μg/m3,accounting for about 56.64% of PM2.5 contents. The average monthly concentration of SO42- was the highest[（10.35±6.48）μg/m3],while the average monthly concentration of Cl- was the lowest [（0.49±0.73）μg/m3]. The concentration of the four ions was the highest in winter[（37.56±27.74）μg/m3]and the lowest in summer[（12.32±5.88）μg/m3]. The differences between different seasons was statistically significant（P<0.05）. The highest concentration of NO3- occurred in winter,which was（14.48±13.28）μg/m3. The concentration ratio of NO3- to SO42- ranged from 0 to 2.58,with an average of 0.55. There were 28 days（14.74%）with the ratio greater than one,22 days of which was in winter. Conclusion The concentration of SO42- was the highest and Cl- was the lowest in atmospheric PM2.5 in Zhoushan. The highest concentration of the four ions occurred in winter. The concentration of NO3- in winter was higher than that of SO42-,suggesting that motor vehicle exhaust might be the main source of PM2.5 in winter.

The effects of combined RNA interference (RNAi) of human telomerase RNA (hTR) and human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) genes on telomerase activity in a bladder cancer cell line (BIU-87 cells) were investigated by using gene chip technology in vitro with an attempt to evaluate the role of RNAi in the gene therapy of bladder transitional cell cancer (BTCC). Three TR-specific double-stranded small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) and three TERT-specific double-stranded siRNAs were designed to target different regions of TR and TERT mRNA. The phTR-siRNA, phTERT-siRNA, and the combination of both plasmids phTR+phTERT-siRNA were transfected into BIU-87 cells. The expression of hTR and hTERT mRNA was detected by quantitative fluorescent reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and a telomeric repeat amplification protocol was applied to detect telomerase activity. Growth inhibition of BIU-87 cells was measured by MTT assay. Gene chip analysis was performed to evaluate the effects of the combined RNAi of hTR+hTERT genes on telomerase activity and growth of BIU-87 cells in vitro. The results showed that the expression of hTERT and hTR mRNA was inhibited by pRNAT-hTERT-III, pRNAT-hTR-III, and pRNAT-hTR-III+hTERT-III in BIU-87 cells. The inhibition efficiency of pRNAT-hTERT-III, pRNAT-hTR-III, pRNAT-hTERT-III+pRNAT-hTR-III was 67% for TERT mRNA, 41% for TR mRNA, 57% for TR mRNA and 70% for TERT mRNA in BIU-87 cells respectively. The growth of BIU-87 cells was inhibited and telomerase activity was considerably decreased, especially in the cells treated with combined RNAi-hTR and -hTERT. Gene chip analysis revealed that 21 genes were down-regulated (ATM, BAX, BCL2, BCL2L1, BIRC5, CD44, CTNNB1, E2F1, JUN, MCAM, MTA1, MYC, NFKB1, NFKBIA, NME4, PNN, PNN, SERPINE1, THBS1, TNFRSF1A, and UCC1). The results indicated that hTR-siRNA and hTERT-siRNA, especially their combination, siRNA hTR+hTERT, specifically and effectively suppressed the expression of both hTR and hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity. Molecular biological mechanism by which combined siRNA-TR and -TERT inhibited telomerase activity and growth of BIU-87 cells in vitro may involve the down-regulation of the 21 genes.

Objective To observe the effect of acupuncture and acupoint injection on dementia in elder.Methods 38 old dementia patients were divided into senile dementia(Alzheimer's disease,17 cases)and vascular dementia(21 cases).They were treated with acupuncture and acupoint injection with Piracetam.Results 7 cases improved in senile dementia patients,while 2 cases were excellent,7 cases were good,9 cases improved in vascular dementia patients.Conclusion Acupuncture and acupoint injection with Piracetam is more effective on senile dementia than vascular dementia.