Four cellulolytic strains, which can be used as feed additive, were studied under the conditions of various temperature, incubation time, and anaerobic process, and examined the changes of their cell protein content, cellulase and hemi-cellulase activity. The results show: 1) The maximum cellulolytic enzyme activities were observed incubation 20h; 2) Constant medium temperature 28℃ was adequate to the growth of the 4 strains ; 3) anaerobic condition, 39℃±2℃ and fermentation 12h, 24h, 36h, the tested strains can growth well in PDA plate, however, the cellulolytic enzyme activities and growth of the tested strains were influenced adversely when fermentation 48h. The experiment provide many important basis for the strains production, storage and utilization.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the composition and resistance of main pathogens isolated form Lower respiratory tract in coalminer's pneumoconiosis patients complicated with infection to provide the basis for clinical treatment.

METHODCoalminer's pneumoconiosis patients complicated with infection during 2009 to 2010 were divided into mechanical ventilation group and non mechanical ventilation group. Specimens were obtained from lower respiratory tract by fibrobronchoscopy with protected specimen brush in patients of both groups to perform isolation, culture, identification and susceptibility test of pathogen.

RESULTTotal 111 patients were enrolled, 36 of them in mechanical ventilation group and 75 patients in non mechanical ventilation group. The pathogenic bacteria detection rate of patients in mechanical ventilation group was significantly higher than that of patients in non mechanical ventilation group (88.9% vs. 46.7%, P < 0.01). In non mechanical ventilation group, Mycobacterium tuberculosis was detected in 3 patients, and 27 strains of G- bacilli, 3 strains of G+ coccus, and 2 strains of fungus; and 26 strains of G- bacilli, 3 strains of G+ coccus, and 3 strains of fungus were detected in mechanical ventilation group. There was no significant difference in term of strains between the two groups (P > 0.05). Rate of resistance to main antibiotics of patients in mechanical ventilation group was higher than that of patients in non mechanical ventilation group.

CONCLUSIONResistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from lower respiratory tract was severe in coalminer's pneumoconiosis patients complicated with infection, which was higher in patients treated with mechanical ventilation than patients without mechanical ventilation. Mycobacterium tuberculosis and fungal infection and increasing resistance prompted that clinicians must attach importance to rational drug use and keep to monitoring bacterial resistance.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Anthracosis ; microbiology ; Drug Resistance, Bacterial ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; drug effects ; isolation & purification ; Respiration, Artificial ; adverse effects ; Respiratory Tract Infections ; microbiology

The objectives of this study were to prepare polysaccharide modified compound liposomes loaded with paclitaxel (PTX) and doxorubicin (DOX) and characterize their phyisicochemical properties,stability and in vitro release profiles.Both PTX-DOX-Lipo and N-lauryl-O-glycol chitosan (LGC) modified liposomes (PTX-DOX-Lipo-LGC) were successfully prepared,and the morphology of the liposomes was observed by transmission electron microscope (TEM),and particle size and zeta potential were analyzed by dynamic light scattering (DLS).pH and osmotic pressure were also determined.The drug loading and encapsulation efficiency,stability and in vitro release were assayed using high-performance liquid phase.Both PTX-DOX-Lipo and PTX-DOX-Lipo-LGC exhibited spherical shape with smooth surface.The average diameter was about 150 nm.pH value and osmotic pressure were in the range of 5.3-6.1 and 820-870 mOsm/kg,respectively.Both PTX and DOX could be encapsulated in liposomes with high encapsulation efficiency (greater than 90％).Compared with PTX-DOX-Lipo,PTX-DOX-Lipo-LGC exhibited lower leakage,higher stability in serum and more sustained release profiles.Moreover,a quicker release rate was observed in pH 5.8 PBS compared with pH 7.4 PBS.PTX-DOX-Lipo-LGC with high drug loading,good stability and sustained drug release profiles has a wide prospect in future clinical application.

Objective:To study the effect of matrine on the expression of transcription factor Snail2 in peritoneal mesothelial cells epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1).Methods:Human peritoneal mesothelial cells were stimulated by TGF-β1 and treated with matrine. The experiment was divided into six groups (control group, TGF-β1-induced group (5 ng/ml), TGF-β1+0.4 mg/ml matrine intervention group, TGF-β1+0.6 mg/ml matrine intervention group, TGF-β1+0.8 mg/ml matrine intervention group and TGF-β1+1.0 mg/ml matrine intervention group). The expressions of Snail2, E-cadherin, α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), Fibronectin and collagen (Col)Ⅲ were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting. The protein phosphorylation levels of Smad2, Smad3 and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 were detected by Western blotting.Results:The mRNA and protein expressions of Snail2, α-SMA, Fibronectin and ColⅢ were up-regulated after being stimulated by TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml) in human peritoneal mesothelial cells, while the mRNA and protein expression of E-cadherin was down-regulated. TGF-β1 (5 ng/ml) could up-regulate the protein phosphorylation levels of Smad2, Smad3 and ERK1/2. Matrine (0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1.0 mg/ml) could down-regulate the mRNA and protein expression levels of Snail2, α-SMA, Fibronectin and ColⅢ after being stimulated by TGF-β1 in human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Matrine could down-regulate the protein phosphorylation of ERK1/2, and up-regulate the mRNA and protein expression levels of E-cadherin with treatment of TGF-β1 in human peritoneal mesothelial cells.Conclusions:TGF-β1 can induce EMT of human peritoneal mesothelial cells. Matrine may inhibit TGF-β1-induced EMT of human peritoneal mesothelial cells by down-regulating the expression of Snail2 through the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.