The A/G polymorphism of cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antiger 4(CTLA-4) was determined by PCR-RFLP in 120 patients with recurrent Graves′ disease (GD), including 85 cases with early relapses within 3 years and 35 cases with relapses more than 3 years after withdrawal of antithyroid medication.66 initial GD patients and 100 healthy controls were included in the present study.The results suggest that A/G polymorphism of CTLA-4 was associated not only with GD, but also with early relapes after withdrawal of antithyroid medication.

BACKGROUND:To ensure the catheter position is very important for interventional catheters. In emergency, rapid and accurate catheter insertion is required. Ultrasound can real-time track the movement of catheters in vivo. It is safe to patient, which has exhibited a bright future in catheter placement. OBJECTIVE: To compare the current methods for improving ultrasonic localization methods and to prospect the future development and improvement of real-time ultrasonic localization of catheters in vivo. METHODS: Literature search was carried out based on PubMed (1990-01/2015-04) and Espacenet with the key words of catheter, ultrasonic guidance, ultrasound localization, enhanced localization for the initial retrieval of relevant articles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:To improve the image quality and increase the accuracy of catheter placement by ultrasound, recent efforts have been focused on two paths. One is to improve the resolution of ultrasonic images by enhancing ultrasound equipment or ultrasonic guidance system. The other is to modify catheter itself to obtain high acoustic impedance differential and improve its echogenicity. The latter approach can be potentialy applied in al kinds of catheters and is more economical and practical. Therefore, in future researches, innovation and design of catheter materials for catheter fabricating wil play an important role in promoting the real-time ultrasonic localization of catheters.

Objective Ultraviolet radiation can induce the expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in pterygium epithelial cells. To investigate the effects of curcumin on the expression of MMP 2 and MMP 9 in human pterygium fibroblasts (HPFs) on UVA-irradiation and its possible mechanism.Methods After optimizing the dose of UVA irradiation and the concentration of curcumin, HPFs in the second generation were divided into control group (no exposure to UVA, no medication), UVA group (exposure to UVA), and UVA + curcumin group (exposure to UVA + curcumin). MMP-2 and MMP-9 levels were tested by zymography. The mRNA expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 was detected by RT-PCR. The NF-κB-DNA binding activity was detected by electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA).Results Compared with the control group, the secretion of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the UVA group was increased significantly (P<0.05), which could be suppressed by curcumin (P<0.05). The MMP-9 mRNA levels were also significantly increased in UVA group \[(100±0)% vs (247.0±10.8)%, P<0.05\], and could be inhibited by curcumin \[(88.7±5.1)% vs (247.0±10.8)%, P<0.05\]. The NF-κB-DNA binding was remarkably increased in UVA group (P<0.05), and significantly decreased after treatment with curcumin (P<0.05).Conclusion Curcumin can inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in UVA-irradiated HPFs, and the mechanism involved in this protective effect might be its inhibitory effect on NF-κB activation.

Objective:To investigate the application of "three-dimensional knowledge-objective" teaching combined with immersive clinical experience in nursing practice teaching in the operating room of department of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology.Methods:A total of 86 nursing students who received practice teaching in the operating room of Department of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology in our hospital were selected as research subjects and were divided into control group and observation group using a simple random number table, with 43 students in each group. The students in the control group received traditional teaching, and those in the observation group received "three-dimensional knowledge-objective" teaching and immersive clinical experience. The two groups were assessed in terms of the effectiveness of classroom teaching, nursing quality score, and the score of the ability to handle nurse-patient dispute. SPSS 22.0 was used to perform the chi-square test and the t-test. Results:After training, both groups had significant increases in the scores of basic nursing, specialized nursing, equipment management, equipment coordination ability, patrol coordination ability, and document recording ability and the total score of all dimensions, and the observation group had significantly higher scores than the control group ( P<0.05). After training, both groups had significant increases in the scores of dispute identification ability, the ability of emergency response to dispute, nurse-patient communication skills, the awareness of nursing laws and regulations, and psychological stress adjustment ability and the total score of all dimensions, and the observation group had significantly higher scores than the control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion:In the nursing practice teaching in the operating room of the department of ophthalmology and otorhinolaryngology, "three-dimensional knowledge-objective" teaching combined with immersive clinical experience can improve the effectiveness of classroom teaching, enhance nursing quality, and strengthen the ability to handle nurse-patient dispute.

Autologous ozonized blood transfusion(AOBT) is a therapy of re-transfusion of 100-200 mL of autologous blood after shaking and agitation with appropriate amount of oxygen-ozone in vitro. The oxidation of blood through the strong oxidation of ozone can enhance the non-specific immune response of the body, regulate the internal environment and promote health. This therapy has been increasingly applied in clinical practice, while no unified standard for the operation process in terms of ozone concentration, treatment frequency and treatment course had been established. This operation process of AOBT is primarily explored in order to standardize the operation process and ensure its safety and efficacy.