Objective: To determine strychnine content of Jinqianbaihuashe Medicinal Wine. Methods: The dual wavelength spectrophotometry was adopted. Results: The calibration curve was linear in the range of 1.6～ 14.4?g?mL -1 of strychnine. The average recovery rate was 99.35%. RSD was 0.74%(n=7). Conclusion: The method is reproducible, sensitive and prevent from the interference of other components.

Objective To explore the indication and the functional advantages of the high-flexion posterior stabilized (PS) rotating-platform mobile-bearing (RP-MB) total knee system. Methods A prospective randomized, controlled trial was performed. Osteoarthritis was the indicators for total knee arthroplasty.From Feb. 2009 to Apr. 2009, 75 patients (94 knees) were randomly assigned to to receive either a highflexion PS, RP-MB total knee system(PFC sigma RPF) or a standard one (PFC sigma RP). There were no statistical difference in the baselines, the preoperative scores of the Hospital for Special Surgery (HSS) and the knee range of motion (ROM) of both groups. The functional status were assessed with Hospital for Special Surgery and the ROM of the knee at the postoperative 1, 6, 12, 18 months. The satisfaction rates were assessed at the postoperative 18 months. The radiographic measurements were t assessed at the postoperative 3days and 3, 6, 12, 18 months. Results A total of 70 participants (87 knees) completed the 18-month followup. At the time of the final follow-up, the average Hospital for Special Surgery knee score was 92.4±5.0points in the standard group and 94.7±7.0 points in the high-flex ion group. The difference was not statistically significant(P ＞0.05). The average maximal flexion was 131.9±14 degrees in the high-flexion group and 123.0±15.3 degrees in the standard group. There was a statistical difference. But it was not enough to confirm our hypothesis that the difference should be higher than 10 degrees. Moreover, the satisfaction rate were 100% in both groups, and no statistical significant difference was found. Conclusion No significant differences were found between standard and high-flexion posterior-stabilized rotating-platform mobile-bearing total knee prostheses in terms of clinical outcomes or range of motion.

Objective: To explore the short-term effects of communicated activities regarding the China Healthy Lifestyle for All workshop held during September 2018. Method: "National action for three reductions and three health activities" and related content ( "salt reduction," "oil reduction," "sugar reduction," "oral health," "healthy bones," and "healthy weight" ) were used as keywords. Starting September 1, thematic publicity topics were launched and implemented throughout the month. The National Action Office issued promotional materials one day in advance through the WeChat Work Group known as the health promotion network in the mainland, which had been developed by members from different provinces, cities, and counties, to disseminate the materials for use both offline and online. Using search engines such as Baidu search and Sogou search, a third-party professional evaluation agency intelligently captured relevant information and texts from various organizations (including provinces, cities, and countries). The information was gathered and sorted according to different channels and forms; thereby, a database was formed for analysis. The content analysis method was used to quantitatively analyze the change trend of the release volume of related reports, and classified statistics were conducted according to different communication channels and forms. Baidu index, WeChat interactive volume, WeChat index, and Weibo hit times were used for evaluation. Researchers analyzed the difference of release volumes in different provinces (municipalities directly under the central government and autonomous regions), as well as in eastern and central regions. Results: The daily communication trend increased significantly after September, with 42 176 reports on related topics, peaking on September 3 (2 703 reports in a single day); effects of the topic establishment and publicity were shown during the entire month. The Badu index showed the same tendency. The keywords "three reductions," "three health," "all-people action," "oil reduction," "sugar reduction," "salt reduction," "oral health," "healthy bones," and "healthy weight" had become high-frequency words. From the perspective of communication channels, there were 17 576, 11 453, and 8 034 reports by WeChat, the news, and Weibo, respectively, accounting for 41.76%, 27.16%, and 19.05% of the total; these report rates were obviously higher than those of other communication channels. WeChat’s interactions reached 4 064 699, and the WeChat index rose to a peak of 858 275 on September 1, which was 194.44 times higher than on August 10 (before the promotional month); additionally, the number of micro-blogging hits reached 130 907 879. Regarding the form of presentation, in descending order, the most frequent type was graphics, followed by star propaganda, radio drama, and health super material. In addition, the gap between the top five provinces ranked by each channel was large. The number of daily releases varied significantly among provinces (municipalities and autonomous regions), with Beijing taking the top spot with 81 articles, while the western provinces of Xinjiang, Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, Qinghai Province, and Tibet had relatively low daily releases. Even the gap of rank among the top five in WeChat, news, and individual micro-blogs were larger: Beijing, Shandong Province, and Zhejiang Province were the country’s top three regions in WeChat publishing volume. The communication effect in the eastern, central, and western regions was considerably different, with the eastern region clearly responding better than the other two regions, and the western region had insufficient propaganda capacity as a whole. Conclusion The communication effect of the China Healthy Lifestyle for All month activities in 2018 was quite effective, but the gap in communication effect by provinces was large.

Objective To explore association between serum albumin level and cognitive performance in elderly Chinese.Methods All the subjects aged ≥65 years in the 8 longevity areas in Chinese longitudinal health longevity survey (CLHLS) were invited to participate the biomedical in-depth CLHLS study,information about subjects' demographic characteristics,lifestyle,prevalence of diseases and health status was collected through household-interview.The cognitive performance was assessed with Mini Mental State Evaluation (MMSE) scale.Health examination was conducted by medical personnel and fasting venous blood samples were collected to detect the levels of triglycerides,total cholesterol,fasting glucose,creatine and blood albumin.MMSE score was compared and the trend was analyzed with generalized linear model.Association between albumin concentration and cognitive impairment was analyzed by logistic regression model.Results Generalized linear model showed that adjusted MMSE score increased from 23.22 in the lowest quartile group to 25.07 in the highest quartile group (P for linear trend ＜0.001).Logistic regression analysis results showed that the higher albumin level was associated with the lower risk of cognitive impairment (P＜ 0.001),the OR decreased linearly with the increasing level of albumin (P＜0.01),with the OR (95％CI) for the lower,higher and highest quartile groups was 0.64(0.45-0.91),0.60(0.40-0.89) and 0.43 (0.27-0.69),respectively,compared with the lowest quartile group.Conclusion High level of serum albumin was associated with low risk of cognitive impairment.

Objective To explore the association between the hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and activities of daily living (ADL) in elderly adults in longevity areas of China. Methods This analysis included data on 2 352 adults aged ≥65 years from eight longevity areas from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2012. We excluded information on adults who lacked ADL or blood test data; the final study population comprised 2 227 elderly adults. Using questionnaires, body measurement, and blood biochemical examination, information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle, ADL, blood pressure, blood lipids, and biomarkers was collected. Study participants who were able to independently carry out the six kinds of activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, indoor activities, toileting, eating, bowel and bladder control) comprised the normal ADL group, and those who could not were included in the impaired ADL group. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors influencing ADL impairment. Results Among the 2 227 participants, 1 674 (75.2%) were included in the normal ADL group and 553 (24.8%) in the impaired ADL group. Among all participants. Adults in the normal ADL group had lower hs-CRP levels (P50 (P25-P75)=0.88; 0.38-2.29 mg/L) than those in the impaired ADL group (1.27; 0.47-4.28 mg/L); (Z=-4.71, P<0.001). Participants in the normal ADL group also had lower hs-CRP elevation rates (214;12.8%) than those in the impaired ADL group (125;22.6%);(χ2=31.06, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that each age increase of one year increased the risk of ADL impairment by 1.08 times (OR 1.08 (95%CI:1.07-1.10);P<0.001). Participants with increased hs-CRP levels, those of Han nationality, and participants with a previous history of stroke had a higher risk of ADL impairment (OR(95%CI) values were 1.42(1.04-1.94), 1.87(1.13-3.08), 2.81(1.87-4.23);P<0.05). Elderly adults who participated in recreational activities had a lower risk of impaired ADL (OR 0.29 (95%CI:0.22-0.38);P<0.001). Conclusion In this study among elderly adults living in longevity areas of China, hs-CRP levels were related to ADL and elevated hs-CRP was associated with a higher risk of ADL impairment.

Objective To explore the association between the hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and activities of daily living (ADL) in elderly adults in longevity areas of China. Methods This analysis included data on 2 352 adults aged ≥65 years from eight longevity areas from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2012. We excluded information on adults who lacked ADL or blood test data; the final study population comprised 2 227 elderly adults. Using questionnaires, body measurement, and blood biochemical examination, information on demographic characteristics, lifestyle, ADL, blood pressure, blood lipids, and biomarkers was collected. Study participants who were able to independently carry out the six kinds of activities of daily living (bathing, dressing, indoor activities, toileting, eating, bowel and bladder control) comprised the normal ADL group, and those who could not were included in the impaired ADL group. A multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze factors influencing ADL impairment. Results Among the 2 227 participants, 1 674 (75.2%) were included in the normal ADL group and 553 (24.8%) in the impaired ADL group. Among all participants. Adults in the normal ADL group had lower hs-CRP levels (P50 (P25-P75)=0.88; 0.38-2.29 mg/L) than those in the impaired ADL group (1.27; 0.47-4.28 mg/L); (Z=-4.71, P<0.001). Participants in the normal ADL group also had lower hs-CRP elevation rates (214;12.8%) than those in the impaired ADL group (125;22.6%);(χ2=31.06, P<0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that each age increase of one year increased the risk of ADL impairment by 1.08 times (OR 1.08 (95%CI:1.07-1.10);P<0.001). Participants with increased hs-CRP levels, those of Han nationality, and participants with a previous history of stroke had a higher risk of ADL impairment (OR(95%CI) values were 1.42(1.04-1.94), 1.87(1.13-3.08), 2.81(1.87-4.23);P<0.05). Elderly adults who participated in recreational activities had a lower risk of impaired ADL (OR 0.29 (95%CI:0.22-0.38);P<0.001). Conclusion In this study among elderly adults living in longevity areas of China, hs-CRP levels were related to ADL and elevated hs-CRP was associated with a higher risk of ADL impairment.

Objective To investigate the status of quality control of dental X-ray equipment in Beijing Dongcheng District, to explore the problems involved in radiation protection. Methods 41 medical dental X-ray machines were detected in Beijing Dongcheng District in accordance with Specification for testing of quality control in dental X-ray equipment (WS 581—2017). Results The qualified rate was higher in imported machines (100%) than that in domestic machines (76.92%), the overall qualified rate was 92.68%. In performance detection, the qualified rates were 100% except for the deviation of loading time (92.68%) and tube voltage (95.12%). No leakage was detected in 41 dental institutes. Conclusion The overall status of dental X-ray machines was good in Beijing Dongcheng District. More attention was paid to shield protection than to quality control of dental X-ray machines. Therefore, health administration should take measures to strengthen advocation of WS 581—2017, and improve radiation protection through routine equipment performance test, supervision of X-ray protection and radiation health education.

Objective:To analyze the change in human resources within China′s Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from 2010 to 2020.Methods:The self-reported information from provincial, prefectural (city), and county (district) levels of China′s CDC, covering employee counts, staff composition, professional qualifications, educational backgrounds, technical titles, and tenure, were extracted from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The demographic context was provided by the annual population figures from the China Statistical Yearbook (2010-2020). The profile of CDC personnel was described, and the average annual percentage rate change (AAPC), average annual percentage rate change (APC), human resource agglomeration degree (HRAD) and the difference between HRAD and population agglomeration degree (PAD) were calculated. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the time trend.Results:The decade under review witnessed a net increase of 17 300 active and 18 300 enrolled personnel in the CDC, surpassing the national population growth rate with AAPCs of 0.93% and 1.03%, respectively. This upward trajectory was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The ratio of disease control personnel per 10 000 population escalated from 1.14 to 1.21. An initial decline in active CDC workforce density (from 1.31 to 1.27 per 10 000 population between 2010 and 2017) was followed by an increase (from 1.28 to 1.37 between 2018 and 2020), with APCs of -0.40% and 3.73%, respectively. The proportion of professional and technical staff in 2019 was highest in the eastern region (86.01%), followed by the western (83.75%) and central regions (79.54%). The period also saw an enhancement in the average academic degree (from 1.91 to 2.43 points) and professional title scores (from 1.39 to 1.53 points) of CDC personnel. While the average tenure in the eastern and western regions showed a slight decline, the central region experienced an increase, with HRAD values indicating a higher concentration in the eastern and central regions compared to the western region. The HRAD-PAD discrepancy revealed a negative value in the eastern region, nearing zero in the central and western regions. Conclusion:Between 2010 and 2020, China′s CDC experienced notable growth in human resources and underwent structural optimization, albeit with significant regional disparities in concentration.

Objective:To analyze the change in human resources within China′s Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) from 2010 to 2020.Methods:The self-reported information from provincial, prefectural (city), and county (district) levels of China′s CDC, covering employee counts, staff composition, professional qualifications, educational backgrounds, technical titles, and tenure, were extracted from the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System. The demographic context was provided by the annual population figures from the China Statistical Yearbook (2010-2020). The profile of CDC personnel was described, and the average annual percentage rate change (AAPC), average annual percentage rate change (APC), human resource agglomeration degree (HRAD) and the difference between HRAD and population agglomeration degree (PAD) were calculated. The Joinpoint regression model was used to analyze the time trend.Results:The decade under review witnessed a net increase of 17 300 active and 18 300 enrolled personnel in the CDC, surpassing the national population growth rate with AAPCs of 0.93% and 1.03%, respectively. This upward trajectory was statistically significant ( P<0.05). The ratio of disease control personnel per 10 000 population escalated from 1.14 to 1.21. An initial decline in active CDC workforce density (from 1.31 to 1.27 per 10 000 population between 2010 and 2017) was followed by an increase (from 1.28 to 1.37 between 2018 and 2020), with APCs of -0.40% and 3.73%, respectively. The proportion of professional and technical staff in 2019 was highest in the eastern region (86.01%), followed by the western (83.75%) and central regions (79.54%). The period also saw an enhancement in the average academic degree (from 1.91 to 2.43 points) and professional title scores (from 1.39 to 1.53 points) of CDC personnel. While the average tenure in the eastern and western regions showed a slight decline, the central region experienced an increase, with HRAD values indicating a higher concentration in the eastern and central regions compared to the western region. The HRAD-PAD discrepancy revealed a negative value in the eastern region, nearing zero in the central and western regions. Conclusion:Between 2010 and 2020, China′s CDC experienced notable growth in human resources and underwent structural optimization, albeit with significant regional disparities in concentration.

OBJECTIVE：To prom ote the implementation of clinical comprehensive evaluation of drugs in China ，promote the return of drugs to clinical value ，improve the utilization efficiency of limited resources ，and provide reference for decision makers of health departments. METHODS ：By combing the relevant policy documents and literatures of clinical comprehensive evaluation of drugs，the evolution and research progress of relevant policies in China were introduced ；the advanced experiences （including evaluation subjects ，evaluation value dimensions ，evaluation methods ，evaluation procedures and results applications ）of Canada ，the United States ，the United Kingdom ，Australia，Europe，International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research and other countries （regions/organizations）were analyzed and summarized ；relevant suggestions on the construction of China ’s clinical comprehensive evaluation mechanism for drugs were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS ：It is suggested that the following measures should be taken to construct the clinical comprehensive evaluation mechanism of drugs in China including that the development goal and orientation of clinical comprehensive evaluation of drugs should be further clarified with the guidance of decision-making needs ；the government should play a leading role and strengthen inter departmental cooperation and policy coordination；the traceability quality control system of internal and external standards should be established ，adhere to openness ， fairness and fair ；at the same time ，it is suggested to give full play to the role of informatization and big data ，strengthen the exploration of evaluation methodology and standards ，strengthen the transformation and application of evaluation results ，and promote the service of evaluation results to policy decision-making.