Objective To investigate the imaging features of hypertrophic spinal pachymeningitis(HSP).Methods 2 patients with HSPproved pathologically received both CT and MRI scan. The literatures were reviewed, the clinical data and imaging features of HSP wereretrospectively analyzed.Results The characteristic HSP manifestation of HSP on imaging was the crescent-shaped thickening of spinaldura maters , the thickness of the dura was 5.2 mm and 13 mm respectively in this two cases . Conclusion HSP is of typical imaging characteristic. The diagnosis can be made correctly in combination with clinical data.

Objective To explore the imaging features of bone marrow edema(BME)and soft tissue edema(STE)caused by bone tumors and tumor-like lesions.Methods Ninety nine patients with bone tumors and tumor-like lesions which were proved by surgical pathology were reviewed.The patients were divided into benign and malignant groups.Evaluation parameters included the size and signal intensity of BME and STE,the features of enhancement,the bone sclerosis and its relation with BME,and joint effusion,et al.The data of two groups were analyzed by X2 test.Results There were 40 patients in benign group and 59 patients belonged to malignant group.BME and STE demonstrated low signal on T1-weighted images and high signal on fat-suppressed T2-weighted images.Some BMEs demonstrated low signal on T2weighted images,which corresponded to sclerosis on X-ray film and(or)CT.Both BME and STE demonstrated uniform enhancement.There were statistically significant differences between benign and malignant groups including the frequency of BME.sclerosis.the median of the size of the BME and STE (P<0.05),which were 57.5%(23/40),25.0%(10/40),2.7 cm,1.3 cm,and 32.2%(19/59).3.4%(2/59),1.6 cm,1.7 cm respectively.No significant differences between the frequency of STE,joint effusion in 2 groups(P>0.05).Conclusions Both benign bone tumors and tumor-like lesions and malignant bone tumors can be accompanied by BME and STE.The size of BME in the benign bone tumors and tumor-like lesions is bigger than those in malignant ones,and the size of STE in malignant bone tumors is bigger than benign ones.

Objective To investigate the MR imaging features of chondroblastoma,and to address the correlation with findings of X-ray radiography and CT.Methods The imaging findings including MRI,X-ray radiography and CT of 16 chondroblastomas proved by surgery and pathology were analyzed and correlated with each other. Results All sixteen chondroblastomas involved the epiphyses of long bones,with varying sizes from 0.8 cm to 5.1 cm and lobulation. They were iso- and hypo-intense on T1WI and had heterogeneous signals on T2WI.They were of soft tissue density on CT,and had areas of calcifications and low density.The rims were hypointense on both T1 WI and T2 WI and showed hyperdensity on CT. The lesions were surrounded by edema of bone marrow which was hypointense on T1 WI and hyperintense on fat suppressed T2WI,while on X-Ray film and CT it was hyperdense sclerotic area.The adjacent soft tissues were swelling.Nine cases had periosteal abnormalities on MRI in which 8 of 9 periosteal abnormalities were distant from the primary lesions,and 6 of them showed hyperdense perosteal new bone on CT.Twelve cases had joint effusion on MRI and CT detected 6 of them.The lesions had heterogeneous enhancement,and there was enhancement in areas of edema within bone marrow,periosteal reaction and adjacent soft tissue.Chondroblastoma was intermediate and hyperintense on DWI,and the intermediate areas on both T1 WI and T2WI,together with areas of bone marrow edema,periosteal reaction and soft tissue swelling,were hyperintense on DWI.Conclusions The MRI,X-ray and CT can reflect the pathological changes of chondroblastoma from different aspects.The characteristics of chondroblastoma can be better appreciated by combining different imaging methods.

Objective To investigate the imaging features of the cerebral complications of infective endocarditis (IE)and the evolution process of infective cerebral infarction.Methods The clinical and imaging data from 5 patients diagnosed as IE with neurological complications were retrospectively and comprehensively reviewed,so that the imaging features of cerebral complications and infective cerebral infarctions were summarized.Results Among the 5 cases,3 showed multiple acute infarctions,including 2 massive ones.All the 5 cases showed multiple hemorrhagic lesions at different stages.The infarction and hemorrhage were mostly located at the corticalGmedullary junction.1 case of subarachnoid hemorrhage and 1 case of meningitis were also observed.Two massive infarctions mentioned above showed irregular patchy shape,which evolved into cerebral abscesses after 1 2 and 1 5 days of neurological symptoms showing up,then abscesses started shrinking after 33 and 3 1 days,respectively.Conclusion MRI can accurately reflect the features of cerebral complications of IE and the evolution process of infective cerebral infarctions,which provides evidences for physicians to make correct diagnoses and the treatment plans.