Objective To investigate the status quo and characteristics of medical students'job choosing view,to analyze the reasons and to propose countermeasures.Methods Questionnaires on job choosing view concerning job choosing cognition,ideals,method,motivation and values were conducted among 1700 medical students in Shandong University.Data entry and statistics were done by SPSS 17.0.Difference was analyzed by t-test and ANOVA.Results Significant differences were showed in sex,whether being the only-child in the family,father's education and family's economic status(P＜0.05).Conclusions Medical students'job choosing views are characterized by professional,highly expected,diversified and utilitarian,which is caused by society,school and family.Therefore,much importance should be attached to improving educational environment,making educational objective clear and constructing educational content system.

With the development of payment system reform for New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme, inpatient case-based payment reform had been exploring in local counties. Based on the case study of one county in central China and synthesis of international evidences and experiences, to introduce the disease grouping principles, the cost calculating method, and the control measures of case-based payment mechanism by case-mix and provide significant lessons for other counties’ design and implementation of inpatient case-based payment reform.

Objective To investigate the effect of autologous serum therapy in the treatment of three cases of exposure keratitis after general anesthesia.Method Autologous serum therapy was used to treat 3 cases of exposure keratitis,the curative effects assessed by the patients’complaints and observation of the ocular symptoms.Result All the patients reported eliminations of exposure keratitis and symptomatic relief.Conclusions The autologous serum therapy is effective for the treatment of exposure keratitis.The nursing strategies of keeping cornea moist,preventing infections,performing mental nursing and storing serum properly are critical for the enhanced curative effect.

005) The prevalence of Hp infection in antrum was significantly lower in patients with GERD (16/50) and BE (33/106) than that in control subjects (30/50,P

Objective:To develop a wearable electro-therapeutic apparatus for chronic soft tissue lesion, which used low frequency electric pulse to treatment the shoulder, back and waist of human body.Methods: The fabric electrodes are fixed on specific position of the elastic vest. The vest elasticity ensures that the electrode and the users are in close contact. MSP430 microcontroller is used as the core of control board. Low frequency pulses for treatment are generated by PWM mode of MSP430 Timer1, then pass through the power amplifier and are added to human body by fabric electrodes. Meanwhile the impedance between electrodes is monitored to avoid the striking fire burns the skin of the human body and ensure user’s safety. The wireless data communication and control between intelligent mobile phone and MSP430 microcontroller are achieved by Bluetooth technology.Results:The developed wearable electrotherapy instrument is easy to operate, safe and reliable, convenient for the daily busy office workers treatment and rehabilitation in working time.Conclusion: It is very fitful for long-term therapy and save the time.

Objective To analyze the occurrence of insulin resistance ( IR ) and abnormal glucose metabolism in adolescent polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Methods PCOS group included 141 patients aged 15-19 years old, who were diagnosed as PCOS according to criteria by reference to the European Society of Reproduction and Embryology/American Society for Reproductive Medicine proposed in 2003, at Rotterdam; and 266 age-matched female students,with regular menstrual cycles and no family history of diabetes, were enrolled in control group. Fasting insulin(FINS),fasting plasma glucose(FPC) ,and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR) were measured in control group. 73% percentile value of control group was set as physical upper limits of FINS and HOMA-IR. PCOS patients were divided into obese ( OB-PCOS) and non-obese (NOB-PCOS) groups, and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) were performed. Results According to 75% percentile value of control group,the physical upper limits of FINS and HOMA-IR were 13.13 mIU/ L and 2.69, respectively. FINS and HOMA-IR values in PCOS group were higher than those in control group [ (17.68±16. 13 vs 10.40±5. 33)mIU/L,2. 64±2.01 vs 2. 01 ±1. 61,both P<0.01]. FINS and HOMA-IR values in OB-PCOS group were higher than those in the NOB-PCOS group [ (22.04± 18.01 vs 13.06± 12. 60) mIU/L,4. 62±3. 87 vs 2.38±2.26,both P<0.01]. In PCOS group,FINS of 75 cases(53.19% )and HOMA-IR of 67 patients(47.52% ) exceeded the physical upper limits. In 79 OB-PCOS patients, FINS of 56 cases (70. 89% ) and HOMA-IR of 52 patients (65.82% ) exceeded the physical upper limits while in 62 NOB-PCOS patients there were 19(30.65% ) and 15 (24. 19% )patients. In PCOS group,2(1.42% ) patients were diagnosed diabetes mellitus,and both FINS and HOMA-IR of these two cases increased. Meanwhile, 12 cases(8.51% ) were impaired glucose tolerance(ICT) ,of whom 11 patients FINS and HOMA-IR increased. Conclusion Pathological IR is prevalent in adolescent PCOS, more severe and popular in obese-PCOS, a part of them with abnormal glucose metabolism.

Objective To evaluate the effect of metformin in treating adolescent polycysfic ovary syndrome (PCOS).Methods Group A [ the metformin and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA) group ] was made of 135 adolescents with PCOS taking metformin,and MPA if no menstruation came,while group B ( the control group) consisted of 45 patients taking MPA every two months.Endocrinologic profiles and ovulation were evaluated before and after six months treatment.Results ( 1 ) All patients suffered from anovulation before treatment.( 2 ) Ovulation failure was successfully improved in 74.81％ ( 101/135 )of patients in group A after 6 months,which was significantly higher than that before treatment.In group B,no case recovered ovulation.(3) In group A,fasting serum insulin,homeostasis model assay for insulin resistance ( HOMA-IR),total testosterone,LH were significantly decreased.(4) The retrieval of ovulation was negatively correlated with fasting insulin and HOMA-IR ( both P＜0.05 ). Conclusions ( 1 ) Metformin effectively improves ovulation function and reproductive endocrine parameters in adolescent girls withPCOS.(2) Recovery of ovulation is associated with the decrease of serum insulin.

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Objective To evaluate the value of double vital staining with both iodine and methylene blue in diagnosing early esophageal carcinoma. Methods Lugol' s iodine was sprayed on the esophageal lesions first, then methylene blue. The results before or after staining with mythylene blue were compared. The tumor infiltrative depth in the esophagus was assessed by gastric endoscopy and endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). The tumors were resected surgically or under endoscopy. Results After Lugol's iodine spray it stained the normal esophageal squamous epithelium brown-black, whereas the lesions did not. In 10 cases with 11 lesions, 9 cases (81. 8% ) showed the margin of lesions fairly clear. After spray of methylene blue it stained all the lesions in blue color with clear margin. The mucosal resection was done in one case under endoscopy and surgical resection in 8 cases. All of the 9 cases were diagnosed pathologically squamus carcinoma including mucosal carcinoma, 6 lesions and submucosal carcinoma, 4 lesions. The pathological diagnostic accuracy in differentiating mucosal cancer from submucosal cancer by endoscopy or EUS was 80% ; by both endoscopy and EUS in conjunction was 90%. Conclusion Double vital staining with both iodine and methylene blue is very useful in revealing the area and infiltrative depth of early esophageal cancer.

Objective To study the mechanism of cisapride in the treatment of gastricelectric dysrhythmia. Methods Cisarpride was gavage fed to rats in which gastricelectric dysrhythmia hed been reproduced. The cholinergic and nitriergic nerves in myenteric plexus of gastric antrum were examined with histochemical staining methods and whole mount preparation technique. The levels of cAMP and cGMP in the antral smooth muscle were measured by radioimmunoassay. Results Gastricelectric dysrhythmia in the model group was ameliorated after the treatment with cisapride(P