Objective To identify risk factors of lymph node metastasis in superficial esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC),and to provide evidence for treatment choice under endoscope.Methods From January 2007 to December 2011,285 patients with pathologically diagnosed ESCC who received surgery and had clear record of lymph nodes resection were enrolled.The clinical pathological data of these patients were analyzed,including age,gender,smoking and drinking history,history of cancer,family history of cancer,location,tumor size,presence of esophageal,depth of infiltration,differentiation,and vascular cancer embolus.Univariate analysis (chi square test or Fisher exact probability method) and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were performed for risk factors of lymph node metastasis assessment.According to the rates of lymph node metastasis,patients were divided into three groups as follows:low risk,high risk and extremely high risk of lymph node metastasis.KaplanMeier method was used to calculate the average survival time and cumulative five years survival rate.Results Among the 285 patients with ESCC,40 (14.0 ％) patients with lymph node metastasis.The results of univariate analysis showed that location (x2 =9.333),tumor length (Fisher exact probability method),depth of infiltration (x2 =9.327),differentiation degree (Fisher exact probability method) vascular cancer embolus (Fisher exact probability method) were significantly associated with lymph node metastasis (all P＜0.05).The results of multivariate analysis indicated that tumor length over 5 cm,invasion to submucosal layer and vascular cancer embolus were independent risk factors of lymph node metastasis,and the odd ratio was 17.408(95％ confidence interval (CI) 1.557 to 194.686),3.471(95％CI 1.440 to 8.365) and 6.256(95％CI 1.787 to 21.910),respectively.The lymph node metastasis rates of patients in low risk,high risk and extremely high risk group were 5.2％(6/115),15.8％ (24/152) and 10/18,respectively;the average survival times were (69.9 ± 2.4),(63.8 ± 2.1) and (51.7 ± 1.7) months,respectively.The cumulative five years survival rates were 59 ％,51 ％ and 31％,respectively,and the difference was statistically significant (x2 6.816,P=0.033).Conclusions The risk of lymph node metastasis is high in ESCC patients with tumor length over 5 cm,invasion to submucosal layer and vascular cancer embolus,and the prognosis is poor.Lymph node metastasis should be considered when endoscopic therapy is chosen.

Objective:To explore the relation between parental cohesion,peer acceptance and the loneliness of left-behind children,and furthermore explore the mediation role of self-esteem.Methods:Totally 427 left-behind children in Hubei Province (275 males,152 females) were surveyed,and the Parental Cohesion Scale (PCS),Peer Nomination (PN),Self-Esteem Scale (SES) and Children Loneliness Scale (CLS) were used to assess parental cohesion,peer acceptance,self-esteem and loneliness respectively.The relation between parental cohesion,peer acceptance andthe loneliness of left-behind children,and the mediation role of self-esteem wereanalyzed.Results:The CLS scores in left-behind children were negatively correlated with the scores of PCS,PN,and SES (r =-0.31,-0.37,-0.50,P ＜ 0.01),the SES scoresplayed a mediation role in the relation between PN scores and CLS scores (95 ％ CI:-7.02--0.01),and between PCS scores and CLS scores (95 ％ CI:-0.18--0.09).Furthermore,the unique effect of the PN scores on the CLS scores (sr2 =0.10) was higher than that of PCS scores (sr2 =0.06).Conclusion:The current research indicates that the loneliness,parental cohesion,peer acceptance and self-esteem of the left behind children have a close relationship.Furthermore,it suggests that self-esteem may play partial mediating effects between parental cohesion,peer acceptance and the loneliness of left-behind children.

Objective To investigate the relationship between OHSS and FSHR gene polymorphism. Methods Two hundred and two women were enrolled in this study. The FSHR gene polymorphisms at position 307 and 680 were detected. Results The distribution of the allele frequency and genotype frequency of the position 680 in FSHR gene were significantly different between women with OHSS or not. No significant differences of the position 307 in FSHR gene were observed. Conclusion Themutation of Asn680Ser in FSHR might be closely related with OHSS.

Objective To evaluate the value of MSCT in the diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.Methods The MSCT appearances of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma confirmed by pathology in 27 cases were analyzed retrospectively.Among them,20 patients underwent plain and four-phase dynamic contrast-enhanced CT scans including early arterial phase,late arterial phase,portal phase and delay phase,7 patients only underwent contrast-enhanced CT scans.Results 15 lesions were located in the hilar and 12 lesions were located in the common bile duct.CT features of cholangiocarcinomas in this group were varied with its position and growth pattern.Besides the direct sign such as delay enhancement,the indirect findings were also specific such as hepatic lobe atrophy,dilated bile duct,etc.Conclusion MSCT is of great value in diagnosis of extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma.

Objective To optimize the effective methods of isolation,purification,culture in vitro and identification of SD rat ovarian granulosa cells,to research the effects of Oviductus Ranae on the proliferation of rat ovarian granulosa cells by CCK-8,and to contrastively analyze the best optimal action concentration and time of serum contsining Oviductus Ranae on granulosa cells to lay the foundation for further in vitro experiment.Methods Nonage SD rats aged 25 d were selected and intraperitoneally injected by pregnant mare serum,then killed after 48 h.Ovarian granulosa cells were collected and cultured in the DMEM-F12 culture solution.The hematoxylin & eosin(HE) staining and immunofluorescence technique were used to identify the ovarian granulosa cells.Twen ty-five SD rats were randomly divided into the normal control group,positive medicine control group,and low,middle and high do ses Oviductus Ranae groups.Blood was collected and serum was separated after 7 d mediaction gavage.The volume percent of 10 ％,20％,40％,80％ serum in each group was added into the in vitro medium system of ovarian granulosa cells culture.Then the cell proliferation situation at 24,48,72 h in each group was measured by CCK-8.Results Oviductus Ranae significantly increased the proliferation ability of granulosa cells in a certain dose-dependent relation.With the increase of Oviductus Ranae concentration con centration,its.proliferation ability was gradually increased,after 48 h action,which in the Oviducthus Ranae-Comtaining serum group with the volume fraction of 20％ was most significant (P＜0.05).Conclusion Establishing in vitro cultural method of rat o varian granulosa cells is conductive to further research the action and mechanism of Oviductus Ranae on ovary.

Objective To investigate the application value of functional magnetic resonance imaging nethods diffusion weighted imagingand dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in theT stagingof rectal cancer.Methods Through the retrospectively analysis of DWI and DCE-MRI images of 78 rectal cancer patients confirmed by pathology,the different of routine sequence examination and functional magnetic resonance imaging combined with routine sequence examination in T thestaging diagnosis were contrasted analysis.The correlation of ADC value and quantitative parameters of Ktrans,Kep and Ve values with tumor T staging was analyzed.Results The functional magnetic resonance imaging combined with routine sequence examination in T staging screened 68 cases successfully,and the accuracy rate was 87.2％.preoperative T staging and postoperative pathology of rectal cancerwas better thanroutine sequence examinationin T staging (59 cases,with the accuracy rate 75.6％) (Kappavalue:0.81 vs 0.65,P ＜ 0.05).The ADCvalue andDCE-MRI quantitative parameters values of K and Ve increased with the increase of tumor T staging (P ＜ 0.05).There was no statistically significant difference of Kep values.Conclusions The ADC value and DCE-MRI quantitative parameters (K and Ve values) had certain relevance with Tstaging of rectal cancer.The functional magnetic resonance imaging had a high accuracy in the preoperative T staging of rectal cancer,which proves certain clinical value in judging invasion depth of tumor in the rectal wall.

Objective To improve diagnosis on esophageal tuberculosis by the endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS).Methods A retrospective analysis of 9 cases of esophageal tuberculosis patients diagnosed by EUS or EUS guided ifne needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) who were treated from 2011 to 2016 and literature reviewed.Results The main presenting symptoms were dysphagia (6 cases), burning pain after sternum (3 cases), low-grade fever and night sweat (2 cases), cough and hemoptysis (1 case). The middle esophagus was involved in 7 cases, upper and lower third of the esophagus were affected in 1 cases. The endoscopic appearances included ulcer (1 case), mass lesion (8 cases). The diagnoses were conifrmed by biopsies with pathology in 5 cases. The layers of the esophageal wall were unclear or disappeared in some cases, and in some patients low echo occupying lesions inside or outside the esophageal wall were showed by EUS. The internal echo of the lesions was heterogeneous, and strong echo spots could be observed. In most cases, enlarged mediastinal lymph nodes were observed. EUS-FNA was used to take biopsy specimens in 2 cases: biopsy specimens suggested tuberculosis; and anti-TB treatment has good effect as well.Conclusion Dysphagia is the major clinical symptom of esophageal tuberculosis, always inlfuences the middle part of the esophagus. The commonest abnormalities identiifed by endoscopy are ulceration and mass lesion. The diagnostic rate of the disease can be improved by endoscopic examination with biopsies, EUS and EUSFNA data.

Nonalcoholic fatty pancreatic disease (NAFPD) is defined as pancreatic fat deposition associated with obesity in the absence of significant drinking, and its pathogenesis remains unclear. NAFPD is closely associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), type 2 diabetes, pancreatitis, pancreatic tumor, and pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenal surgery and can promote the spread of pancreatic cancer cells and result in the early death of patients with pancreatic cancer. The diagnosis and evaluation of NAFPD mainly rely on pathological biopsy and imaging examination, but their clinical application is limited by detection techniques and diagnostic level. Major prevention and treatment methods for NAFPD include a reduction in body weight, bariatric surgery, and pharmacotherapy. Since there are few articles on NAFPD and it is not taken seriously in clinical practice, there are significant differences in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease. Therefore, this article elaborates on the current status of research on NAFPD and the advances in its diagnosis and treatment.

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for quick investigating the absorption ingredients of Plantaginis semen and guiding the index selection for its quality control.

METHODThe absorption of three concentrations of Plantaginis semem was investigated with the in vitro everted intestinal sac (VEIS) model The intestinal sac contents of jejunum and ileum were collected at different time and geniposidic acid was detected by HPLC and LC-MS(n) as the representative marker.

RESULTSix ingredients could be detected. At different concentrations of Plantaginis semen, geniposidic acid tested by VEIS showed that there was a good linear correlation between the drug absorption from the medium across the intestinal epithelium into the sac contents in various intestines section. The absorption of the gut sacs from 0 to 90 min manifested a significant time-dependent manner. The Ka of geniposidic acid in the jejunum and ileum increased along with the raised dosage of the Plantaginis Semen (P < 0.05), which indicated a passive absorption manner.

CONCLUSIONThis method can be used as a tool to investigate the absorption ingredients of Plantaginis Semen. Comparing with the jejunum, the ileum can provide more absorption information faster. The optimal incubation time in intestinal sac was 90 min.

Animals ; Body Fluids ; chemistry ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacokinetics ; Ileum ; chemistry ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Intestinal Absorption ; Jejunum ; chemistry ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Models, Biological ; Plantago ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

The complementary oligonucleotides, each with two consensus estrogen response element (ERE)-sequences and 5'-Hind III and 3'-Sph I sticky ends were artificially synthesized. A solution with both the complementary DNA sequences was heated to 95'C and cooled down to room temperature to form double strand DNA (dsDNA). The set was cloned into the corresponding sites of CYC1 promoter of the pERE-CYC-yEGFP to yield pERE-CYCalpha-yEGFP vector. The two different reporter vectors, pERE-CYC-yEGFP and pERE-CYCalpha-yEGFP, the 2ERE, were placed in the CYC1 promoter. The former promoter downstream ERE contains alpha and beta-TATA boxes and the latter has only alpha-TATA box. The two different reporter vectors were transformed into the yeast cells that express human estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha). Incubation of the recombinant yeasts with the six estrogenic compounds for 4 hours showed that the recombinant cell containing pERE-CYCalpha-yEGFP would give very poor dose-response curves, in contrast to the recombinant cell containing pERE-CYC-yEGFP which produced well-shaped dose-response curves. So it is necessary for this bioassay that alpha and beta-TATA boxes in the minimal CYC1 promoter when the promoter is used as a rapid and high throughput system for screening estrogenic chemical products.
Base Sequence ; Cytochromes c ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Estrogen Receptor alpha ; genetics ; metabolism ; Estrogens ; genetics ; metabolism ; Genetic Vectors ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; genetics ; Recombinant Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; genetics ; metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; TATA-Box Binding Protein ; genetics