Objective To quantitatively evaluate the efficacy of radiofrequency technology in the facial rejuvenation. Methods Six Chinese female volunteers received five times treatments at 4 days interval with the Slimager radiofrequency device on one side of their face, the other side as a control. After that, we evaluated the clinical efficacy by patients, clinicians, and professional measuring Angel Software, respectively. Results The results showed that the skin looseness and rhytides improved significantly after treatment (20 days). Patients and doctors were satisfied with the efficacy. Data measurements showed that the face levitated by 2.4 mm, the nasolabial fold levitated by 2.2 mm after the treatment. Conclusions The radiofrequency technology is a safe, non-invasive and non-surgical treatment method, which is effective for tightening skin, eliminating rhytides, and rejuvenating face.

Objective To observe the effect of treating acute left heart failure with Shenmai injection and auxiliary conventional western medicine. Methods 132 patients were randomly divided into a control group and a treatment group, with 66 cases in each group. The control group was treated with lanatoside C, captopril, diuretics, and aminophylline. While the treatment group was additionally treated with Shenmai injection on the basis of the control group. Left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF), left smothering end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD)value, the index of b-type natriuretic peptide(BNP), and 24 h dynamic electrocardiogram(ecg)were observed in both groups after 1 month’s treatment. Results LVEF and BNP were improved in both groups after the treatment[LVEF and BNP were(40.42 ± 4.32)%, (306.57 ± 201.21)pg/ml in the treatment group and(37.92±3.32)%, (451.51±294.23)pg/ml in the control group before the treatment;(35.28±4.15)%, (540.17±382.23)pg/ml in the treatment group and(35.13±2.35)%, (572.35± 422.21)pg/ml in the control group after the treatment], and the curative effect in the treatment group was better than the control group(P<0.05). LVEDD and 24 h average heart rate were also improved in both groups after the treatment [LVEDD and 24 h average heart rate were(59.81±59.81)mm, (79.62±6.38)times/min in the treatment group and(60.91±7.31)mm, (82.61±6.32)times/min in the control group before the treatment;(60.87 ± 7.75)mm, (85.03 ± 7.75)times/min in the treatment group and(61.81 ± 7.35)mm,(86.23 ± 8.35)times/min in the control group after the treatment], but there was no statistical differenc(P>0.05). Conclusion Shenmai injection has good effects in the treatment of acute left heart failure.

Objective To review the clinical features of chronic daily headache (CDH).Methods The clinical data of 128 patients with chronic daily headache,including general condition,characteristics of headache,concomitant symptom and disability were analyzed retrospectively.The features of primary chronic daily headache (PCDH) and medication over-dose headache (MOH) were compared.Results Among 128 cases females accounted for 79.7％ with an average age of 45.2 years and 88 patients were associated with drug overdose.The symptoms included nausea (68/128),photophobia (75/128),phonophobia (102/ 128),depression (77/128) and irritability (93/128),sleep disorders (94/128),dizziness (75/128),emotional irritability(58/128) and depression(21/128).The migraine disability assessment questionnaire and headache impact test-6 scores showed that disability was resulted from the severe degree of headache in 62.2％ (51/82) and 73.2％ (82/112) of CDH patients respectively.Compared with PCDH patients,the MOH patients had older age (t =2.59,P =0.011),longer duration (t =2.48,P =0.015) and severer degree of headache(t =5.58,P =0.018),and chronic migraine (t =11.95.P =0.001) was the most common primary headache type.Conclusions Most CDH patients are middle-aged women,with moderate to severe pain,usually complicated with depression,dysphoria and asomnia.Chronic daily headache patients are commonly associated with drug overdose.

Objective To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Rome Ⅲ criteria in diagnosis of functional dyspepsia (FD) and assess its value in differentiate FD from other organic diseases in upper gastrointestinal tract. Methods Four thousand nine hundred and sixty-two patients, who underwent gastroscopy from July to August 2006 and March to April 2007, were consecutively enrolled and interviewed face to face with a standard questionnaire. The patients who were diagnosed as FD were according to Rome Ⅲ criteria, and those who were diagnosed as upper gastrointestinal diseases, such as chronic erosive gastritis (CEG), gastric ulcer (GU), duodenal ulcer (DU) and gastric carcinoma (GC), were done by gastroscopy and pathology. The differences of clinical characteristics among these diseases were analyzed. Results The FD patients accounted for 7.58% (376/4962) with female in predominant (P = 0.000). The patient with CEG, GU, DU or GC accounted for 29.99% (1488/4962), 1.89% (94/4962),4.25% (211/4962) or 4.57% (227/4962), respectively, all with male in predominant (P<0.05). Further analysis indicated that the age of onset between patients with FD and DU was no difference, but was younger than those with other three diseases (P<0.05). The incidence of early satiation and postprandial in FD patients were higher than those in other patients (P<0.05). The incidence of belching, nausea and vomiting showed no difference among these patients(P>0.05). According to Rome Ⅲ criteria, the symptoms of epigastric pain, early satiation, postprandial fullness and epigastric burning had higher sensitivity and specificity (except epigastric burning)in diagnosing FD (P<0.05), with highest Youden index in epigastric pain (0.42) and postprandial fullness (0.46). Conclusion Rome Ⅲ criteria has high specificity and sensitivity in diagnosing FD, and also has an important value in differentiate FD from other organic diseases.

BACKGROUND: For decades, liposome drug carrier has been used to enhance drug stability and efficacy, reduce drug toxicity and adverse effects. However, they fail to provide long-term delivery due to insufficient stability. Studies have demonstrated that silica is not toxic, with chemically inert and biological compatibility, and can be used as modified material. OBJECTIVE: To characterize the silica coated liposome and investigate the controlled release property. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: In vitro observation. The study was performed at the Nanomedicine and Biosensor Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Center, Harbin Institute of Technology from May 2007 to June 2008. MATERIALS: Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) was purchased from Nanjing Kangsente Chemical Engineering Company; tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) was purchased from Aldrich, USA. Doxorubicin (DOX) was purchased from Beijing Huafeng United Technology Company; Sephadex G-50 was purchased from Amersham Biosciences, Sweden. All other chemical agents were of analytical purity. METHODS: Liposome was formed from DPPC following the precipitation of silica by sol-gel method. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Zeta-potential and dynamic light scanning were used for zeta-potential measurement and particle size distribution; transmission electron microscopy was used to collect the image of particle morphology; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to display chemical characteristics of Si-O-Si structure; Spectrophotofluorimetry was used to determine DOX regression equation and was further used for calculation in drug encapsulation efficiency and in vitro release.　RESULTS: ①Silica coated liposome was successfully prepared. ②FTIR proofed the presence of Si-O-Si at 1 166, 1 080, 859 and 526 cm-1. ③The DOX encapsulated silica coated liposome had encapsulation efficiency of 72.4%. ④Drug release profiles showed that sustained release of DOX was achieved after modification of silica on liposome. CONCLUSION: With Si-O-Si as protective layer, the liposome has increased stability and prolonged drug release.

Objective To investigate the distribution features and antibiotic drug resistance of infection pathogens isolated from elderly patients with malignancies complicated with infection following treatment in an open hematology ward.Methods From January 2010 to June 2012,specimens from hospitalized elderly patients with concurrent infection were cultured to isolate infection pathogens through routine methods.Antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by the microdilution method.Results A total of 302 strains of infection pathogens were isolated from all detected samples,among which isolated strains of Gram-positive bacteria,Gram-negative bacteria and fungi were 91,194 and 17 strains,respectively.Isolated fungi were mostly susceptible to antifungal drugs.Gram-negative bacteria were highly susceptible to carbapenem,while Gram-positive bacteria were most sensitive to vancomycin and teicoplanin.Conclnsion The nosocomial infection pathogens of elderly patients with malignancies in hematology ward are most likely Gram-negative bacteria.Before specimens culture results and susceptibility are known,all these patients should be empirically treated with broad spectrum antibiotics,which have the most activity against Gram-negative bacteria as well as Gram-positive bacteria coverage.

Objective To investigate the role of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK)/extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2 (ERK1/2) signal transduction pathway in regulating the expression of aquaporin 3 (AQP3) in human amnion epithelial cells.Methods Primary cell culture of human amnion epithelial cells deriving from amnion of term pregnancy with normal amniotic fluid volume (AFV) or isolated oligohydramnios was conducted in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College from January to November 2011.Either group included 10 elective cesarean cases.The primarily cultured cells were treated with different concentrations (0,5,10,20 and 40 mol/L) of ERK inhibitors (U0126) for 12 h,and then the optimal concentration of U0126 which resulted in the lowest expression of phospho~ERK1/2 (p-ERK1/2) was added for different durations(0,2,6,12 and 24 h).Immunocytochemistry was used to detect the localization of AQP3 and Western blot analysis was used to examine the expression of total ERK1/2,p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 in human amnion epithelial cells.Statistical analysis was performed by t-test and one-way ANOVA.Results (1) Compared with those in normal AFV group,p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 expression in human amnion epithelium cells decreased in oligohydramnios group,respectively (p-ERK1/2:3.46 ± 0.33 and 2.46±0.25;AQP3:2.34 ± 0.18 and 1.56±0.10,t=9.243 and 13.292,P＜0.01).(2) In oligohydramnios groups,after treated with different concentrations of U0126,the expressions of total ERK1/2 did not change (F=0.365,P＞0.05).The expression of p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 in 5,10,20,40 μmol/L U0126 (p-ERK1/2:0.96±0.16,1.12±0.13,0.98±0.17 and 1.02±0.26; AQP3:1.10±0.09,1.12±0.08,1.13±0.06 and 1.11±0.06) were all significantly lower than those in 0 μmol/LU0126 group (p-ERK1/2:2.46±0.25; AQP3:1.56±0.10,P＜0.05).However,the expression of p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 showed no significant difference among 5,10,20,and 40μmol/L U0126 groups (P＞0.05).The optimal concentration of U0126 was 5 μmol/L.After treated with 5 μmol/L U0126 for 2 h,the expressions of p-ERK1/2 and AQP3 (1.27±0.29 and 1.44±0.12)were lower than those after treated for 0 h (2.55±0.12 and 2.15±0.09,P＜0.05).However,there was no significant difference among groups treated for 2,6,12 and 24 h.Therefore,the optimal treatment time was 2 h.(3) The expression of AQP3 was distributed in both cell membrane and cytoplasm in amnion epithelial cells with normal amniotic fluid volume or isolated oligohydramnios,but mainly in cytoplasm.U0126 did not change the localization of AQP3 expression.Conclusions U0126 inhibits the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and expression of AQP3 of women with oligohydramnios,indicating that the MAPK/ERK1/2 signal transduction pathway might regulate the expression of AQP3 in human amnion epithelial cells,and therefore affect the balance of amniotic fluid volume.

l 1H-MRS was good for clinical purpose.

Objective To prove the advantages of telemetry by comparing with the traditional methods in safety pharmacology.Methods To monitor continuously the heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure and ECG of Beagle dogs by traditional and telemetry methods respectively, analyze and compare the changes between anesthetized and conscious dogs before and after feeding.Results Maintenance of anesthesia changed significantly the heart rate, respiratory rate, blood pressure and QT interval in the ECG of animals.The changes of physiological indicators in 24 h is not obvious in conscious animals, and showed a certain biorhythm.Compared with the conscious animals, the anesthetized dogs’ heart rate was significantly higher, blood pressure increased significantly, QRS and QTcf interval prolonged significantly, respiratory frequency decreased, heart rate increased significantly after feeding, and QTcf interval extended very significantly.Conclusions Traditional methods in safety pharmacology affect animal physiological indicators such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiratory rate and QT interval, which affect the objectivity of drug evaluation.Using conscious animals by telemetry can reduce these errors, however, the interference from outside should be eliminated.

Objective:To establish an optimum preparation process for Hongteng decoction hollow suppositories. Methods:An orthogonal design was performed to screen the proportion of drug and base(A),the temperature of mold filling with drug and base(B)and stripping time(C),and the appearance and melting time were used as the indices ,the best preparation technology of the hollow suppositories was optimized. Results:The optimum preparation technology of the hollow suppositories was as follows:the proportion of drug and base was 1 ∶2,the filling temperature was 40℃,and the stripping time was 30 min. Conclusion:The optimum preparation technology of Hongteng decoction hollow suppositories is simple and feasible.