Objective To explore the levels of T lymphocyte subsets in asthmatic children and discuss their relationship.Methods 30 children with acute asthma attacks were divided ito disease control(bronchopneumonias)group(25 cases)and healthy control group(14 cases).Flow cytomerty was used to analyze the T lymphocyte subsets in them.Results CD 4+ and CD 4+/CD 8+T cell of the patients of the maderate to serere degree were both significantly higher than those in normal control.Conclusion(1)CD 4+ T cell plays an important role in asthma chronic airway inflammation.(2)There were no significant difference in the level of CD4+ T cell,CD8+ T cell,CD4+/CD8+ T cell between the patients with asthma of mild degree and those of moderate or severe degree group,but CD 8+ T cell a little higer in the latler patlents,which still needs further research.

Objective To study the echocardiographic characteristics and its diagnosis value on congenital supravalvular aortic stenosis (SVAS) in children. Methods Thirty-one patients with SVAS diagnosed by multiplane echocardiography were enrolled in the study. Their echocardiographic characteristics were compared with cardiac catheterization, operation, and gene detection results. Echocardiographic changes were mainly observed in aortic valve, supravalve, descending aortic arch, pulmonary artery valve, main pulmonary artery and its branches,and coronary artery. Results Of the 31 patients,26 had hourglass type SVAS,4 hypoplastic type,and 1 membranous type; 2 patients had extremely mild stenosis (defined as a Doppler gradient <25 mm Hg) ,20 mild (25～49 mm Hg) ,5 moderate (50～75 mm Hg) ,and 4 severe C>75 mm Hg) ones. Nineteen patients were diagnosed with Williams syndrome by gene detection. Three patients were associated with aortic valve stenosis including one missed at the initial diagnosis; 10(32.26%) patients with pulmonary stenosis, including pulmonary valve stenosis in 6, left and right pulmonary artery stenosis in 3 ,and branch stenosis in 1:6 patients with coronary stenosis. Conclusions The sternal border and five chamber apical views are the best to detect SVAS. Williams syndrome patients are prone to SVAS.Pulmonary stenosis echocardiography forms a great proportion of the SVAS patients. Routine examination is necessary for coronary stenosis in cases of SVAS.

Objective To summarize the clinical characteristics.diagnosis and treatment of familial papillary thyroid microcarcinoma(PTMC).Method The clinical data of 8 cases of familial PTMC admitted from October 2004 to January 2005 were analyzed.Results All patients were followed-up during 9 to 13(mean 10.8)months. No one suffered recurrence and dead. PTMC was found in 2 cases incidentally from thyroid specimens removed for supposed benign disease, another 6 cases were doubtful of cancer before operation and were identified by frozen section.Upper deep cervical lymph nodes were involved in 2 eases with lymph node metastasis. Lymph node metastasis in eases of multifoeal cancer in the affected lobe or of both lobe was significantly higher than those in monofoccal cancer in uni-lobe. Conclusions Most of the PTMC are found among the benign nodules during operation or within the pathological specimens,and familialPTMC are rather rare. Careful palpation,color Doppler uhrasonography, exploratory operation and frozen section are very important factors to heighten diagnosis of PTMC. Lobectomy is the routine radical operation.

Objective To discuss the influence of Yin yoga for Ⅰ, Ⅱ knee osteoarthritis patients'quality of life and anxiety. Methods Divided 98 patients of Joint department outpatient service with joint specializes into the experimental group and the control group by random number method, there were 49 cases in each group, two group patients all have routine drug therapy that according to the guidelines of diagnosis and treatment of knee osteoarthritis in 2015,and accept the routine health education of orthopaedic. On the basis of this, the experimental group accept Yin yoga exercise training by a professional yoga teacher and nurse, they also followed up the two group of patients for 1 year. And adopting health questionnaire (SF-36) to assess the patient's quality of life on the same day, which they see the doctor ,3 months, 6 months, 12 months, they also use Self-evaluation of the anxiety scale (SAS) to assess the patient's anxiety. Results SAS scores before and after the intervention of patients in the experimental group was (57.14 ± 5.92) and (37.92 ± 3.07) points respectively, the difference was statistically significant (t=15.64, P<0.05), while the difference in the control group was not significant, (57.03 ± 6.18) points vs (53.18 ± 3.16) points , P > 0.05. Physiological function, physiological function, body pain, general health, energy, social function, emotional function, mental health of experimental group patients after 12 months intervention was (79.23 ± 9.15), (56.79 ± 13.20), (78.32 ± 10.15), (44.50 ± 11.92), (64.85 ± 9.72), (83.90 ± 11.61), (62.13 ± 18.72), (67.33 ± 8.50) points respectively, while in the control group was (70.22 ± 10.13), (32.12 ± 11.07), (60.14 ± 9.56), (39.40 ± 10.27), (48.66 ± 7.52), (67.62 ± 12.13), (43.23±14.89), (57.00±8.13) points respectively, the difference between the two groups was significant(t=3.18-15.54, P<0.05 or<0.01). Conclusions Yin yoga can improveⅠ,Ⅱknee osteoarthritis patients quality of life and all ease anxiety. The method is feasible.

Objective:To explore grouping methods of subdividing adjacent diagnosis related groups(DRGs) by introducing patient clinical complexity level(PCCL) principle and provide references for exploring DRG grouping method in line with context in China.Methods:Clinical complexity level of each complication was assigned by clinicians.PCCL model was selected to calculate the scores of clinical complexity cases.Each adjacent DRG was subdivided into DRG groups by classification and regression trees(CART) model.The rank-sum test was applied to test the statistical significances of the grouping results.Results:9 surgical adjacent DRGs were subdivided into 18 DRG groups.There were statistical significances in the differences of hospitalization expenses and length of stay among different DRG groups in each adjacent group.Conclusion:PCCL model showed high performance in DRG subdivision.The unification of the quality of medical records and coding were the key factors to ensure the reasonable grouping results.

Objective To analyze the related factors of ADR/ADE cases caused by Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection(lyophilization),in order to provide reference for clinical rational use of Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection.Methods Adopted the method of retrospective study,this paper statistically analyzed ADR/ADE cases caused by Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection(lyophilization)in the database of Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center in Qingdao from January 2015 to December 2015.Results There were altogether 123 ADR/ADE cases caused by Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection(lyophilization)in 2015,with 90 cases in general,12 new cases, 21 severe cases;more female patients than male patients;more middle -aged and old patients;irrational use of the drug accounting for 45.53% of the total number of the report;and there was a higher proportion of irrational drug use in grass -roots medical institutions.Conclusion Irrational drug use is an important factor leading to ADR/ADE cases caused by Sanqi Panax notoginseng for injection(lyophilization),so the injection of Sanqi Panax notoginseng (lyophilization)should be regulated in order to reduce the occurrence of ADR/ADE cases.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer and the blastocyst derived from frozen-thawed cleavage stage embryo transfer.Methods The data of 5 1 8 cycles in reproductive medicine center of the hospital from Sep-tember 2012 to August 2013 were analyzed retrospectively.According to the frozen-embryos type,all patients were divided into three groups,group A:frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer,129 cycles;group B:blastocysts derived from frozen-thawed cleavage stage embryos transfer,123 cycles;group C:frozen-thawed cleavage embryos transfer,266 cycles.The clinical outcomes of all groups were compared with each other,and the rates of blastocyst formation and cancellation were compared between group A and group B.Re-sults The rates of biochemical pregnancy,clinical pregnancy and embryo implantation in group A(70.5%,61.2%,42.3%)and group B(67.5%,58.2%,40.2%)were significantly higher than group C(53.0%,42.5%,23.1%)(P<0.05);there were no signif-icant differences in the rates of early abortion,ectopic pregnancy,multiple pregnancy among three groups(P>0.05);there were no significant differences in the blastocyst formation rates of the high quality cleavage embryos at D3 in fresh cycles and the frozen-thawed cleavage embryos(62.5%vs.57.7%)(P>0.05)and those two groups were both significantly higher than the poor quality cleavage embryos at D3 in fresh cycles(20.3%)(P<0.05).Conclusion Blastocyst transfer in vitrified-thawed cycles could get rel-atively satisfactory clinical outcomes.There are higher blastocyst formation rate and better clinical outcomes of transfer blastocyst derived from frozen-thawed cleavage embryo.

This review focus on the perspective of genetic engineering technology in biopharmaceutical field.Four general aspects of genetic engineering are further discussed in this review as following: the separation of macromolecules,PCR,gene chip,and the expression of foreign genes.The large-scale or industrialization of genetic engineering technology in biopharmaceutics is also reviewed.

Objective To analyze the outcomes of frozen-thawed blastocyst and cleavage embryo transfer after whole embryos cryopreservation. Methods The data of 489 IVF-ET cycles in reproductive medicine center of our hospital from September 2012 to August 2013 were analyzed retrospectively. Whole embryos cryopreservation in 214 patients were carried out with vitrification method and served as group A , 275 cycles performed fresh embryo transfer were served as group B. Then group A and group B were subdivided into group A1 (83 cycles),group A2 (131 cycles), group B1 (120 cycles)and group B2 (155 cycles)according to blastocyst transfer or cleavage-stage embryo transfer. The clinical outcomes of all groups were compared each other. Results The pregnancy rate and embryo implantation rate in group A1 were significantly higher(71.1% ,53.0%)than those in group A2, B1 and B2 (A2 group: 57.3%, 34.0%, B1group: 55.0%,42.1%, B2 group: 52.9%, 32.7%,respectively)(P<0.05). The embryo implantation rate in group B1 were higher than those in group B2 (P < 0.05). Conclusion F-ET after whole embryos freezing could significantly improve the embryo utilization rate and clinical pregnancy rate. Frozen-thawed blastocyst transfer could get better clinical outcomes than frozen-thawed cleavage-stage embryo transfer.

Objective To compare the efficacy of supraclavicular approach and infraclavicular approach in ultrasound-guided brachial plexus block(BPB).Methods One hundred and twenty patients,ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ,aged 18-80 yr,scheduled for upper extremity surgeries of both gender,were randomized into two groups(n =60):supraclavicular group(group SCB)and infraclavicular group(group ICB).The anesthetic mixture consisted of ropivacaine 0.375％ and lidocaine 1％ in equal volumes with epinephrine 1∶200 000,the total dose was 0.5 ml/kg.The block performance time,duration of anesthesia and success of anesthesia(surgery was accomplished without supplementary block)were recorded.A blinded observer assessed pinprick sensory block in the seven distal nerve territories(axillary,radial,musculocutaneous,median,ulnar,medial antebrachial and medial brachial cutaneous nerves)every 5 min up to 30 min after injection.Success of nerve block,side effects and complications were recorded during and after operalion.Results Group ICB was superior in success rate of anesthesia and nerve block of ulnar,medial antebrachial and medial brachial cutaneous nerves,the rate of parasthesia was lower and the block performance time was longer compared with group SCB(P ＜ 0.05).No major complications occurred in both groups.Conclusion Under ultrasound guidance,infraclavicular BPB is superior to supraclavicular approach.