BACKGROUND:Studies have demonstrated that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be induced to differentiate into hepatocyte-like cells under certain condition, which provides a new idea for the treatment of end-sate liver diseases, such as acute hepatic failure. OBJECTIVE:To review the discovery, isolation and culture, induction and differentiation, and application prospects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. METHODS:A computer-based online research of CNKI and PubMed databases was performed to col ect articles about bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and their differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells published between 1999 and 2014. The key words were“hepatocyte-like cells, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, celldifferentiation”in Chinese and English. Final y, 52 articles were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Currently, the most important issue in liver tissue engineering is to find a kind of seed cells with stable traits and liver-specific functions. Mature hepatocytes are difficult to be harvested, and immune rejection and difficulty in in vitro culture also severely limit the development of liver transplantation. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells characterized as multiple differentiation, rapid self-renewal, easy to be cultured and proliferated have been considered as the most promising source of cells. Increasing studies have shown that bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into liver cells in vitro and in vivo, and differentiated cells have the synthesis and secretion functions same as hepatocytes. But how to proliferate such a large number of cells, to maintain the good differentiation potential of cells, to optimize the culture conditions in vitro as wel as mechanisms of induction and differentiation mechanisms and clinical security need further studies.

ObjectiveTo investigate the mechanism for the curative effect of douching with nasal sinuses perfusate in treating chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery.MethodsSeventy-six chronic sinusitis patients after endoscopic sinus surgery were divided into treatment group and control group by random digits table with 38 cases each.Every group was given postoperatively sinus flush,treatment group was flushed with nasal sinuses perfusate,while contro group was flushed with 0.9％ sodium chloride.Therapeutic effect was evaluated after two months.The therapeutic effects of the two groups were compared and the inflammation factor levels and changes of sinus mucosa were observed before and after treatment.ResultsIn treatment group,there were 21 cases to be cured,13 cases to be improved,4 cases to be useless,the total effective rate was 89.5％(34/38),while in control group,there were 12 cases to be cured,15 cases to be improved,11 cases to be useless,the total effective rate was 71.1％(27/38),the total effective rates between two groups were statistically significant(P ＜0.05).The levels of interferon (IFN)-γ,interleukin(IL)-2,IL-4,IL-5 after treatment in treatment group were respectively ( 13.21 ± 1.38),( 14.59 ±1.43 ),(34.83 ± 5.31 ),( 39.93 ± 7.98 ) pg/L,which were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment [ (23.87 ± 1.76),( 16.13 ± 1.71 ),(67.37 ± 7.36),(81.82 ± 7.69) pg/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].The levels of IFN- γ,IL-2,IL-4,IL-5 after treatment in control group were respectively (20.13 ± 2.73 ),( 14.82 ± 2.26),(48.92 ±7.62),(43.87 ±8.25) pg/L,which were significantly decreased compared with those before treatment [ (24.06 ± 1.82 ),( 15.96 ± 1.74),(66.81 ± 8.24),(82.16 ± 7.34) pg/L,P ＜ 0.05 ].And the levels of IFN- γ,IL-4,IL-5 after treatment in treatment group were significantly lower than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsThat nasal flush with nasal sinuses perfusate for postoperative patients with chronic sinusitis after endoscopic sinus surgery may improve the therapeutic effect and nasal sinuses perfusate formula is superior to 0.9％ sodium chloride alone,and the mechanism may be related to inhibition of inflammation factor release of sinus mucosa.

Dengue virus (DENV) nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) is a highly conserved 46-kDa protein that contains 2 glycosylation sites (Asn-130 and Asn-207) and 12 conserved cysteine (Cys) residues. Here, we performed site-directed mutagenesis to generate systematic mutants of viral strain TSV01. The results of the subsequent analysis showed that an alanine substitution at the second N-linked glycan Asn-207 in NS1 delayed viral RNA synthesis, reduced virus plaque size, and weakened the cytopathic effect. Three mutants at Cys sites (Cys-4, Cys-55, Cys-291) and a C-terminal deletion (ΔC) mutant signiifcantly impaired RNA synthesis, and consequently abolished viral growth, whereas alanine mutations at Asn-130 and Glu-173 resulted in phenotypes that were similar to the wild-type (WT) virus. Further analysis showed that the Asn-207 mutation slightly delayed viral replication. These results suggest that the three conserved disulifde bonds and the second N-linked glycan in NS1 are required for DENV-2 replication.

Objective To summarize the data of cosmetics dermatosis happened in Bering in 2006 and to analyze their characteristics of this side effect.Methors The outpatients in the Department of Dermatology.Air Force General Hospital from Jun.2006 to Dec.2006 were investigated and screened out the cosmetic dermatosis according to GB17149.1～7-1997,the patients'age,gender,job and the demographic data and the suspected cosmetics were recorded and analyzed,and the routine patch tests using the involved cosmetic products were carried out in each patient.Results 327 cases of cosmetic dermatosis were reported.Among all cases.98.47% of the patients were female,and most of them aged between 21 and 40 years old:The suspected cosmetics included 47 brands with 618 imposed products,43 brands with 293 domestic and the joint venture products,and 14 illegal products;Clinically,318 cases(97.24%)of the lesion were diagnosed as cosmetic contact dermatitis.7 acne and 2 skin discoloration.Conclusion Cosmetic contact dermatitis is the most common cosmetic dermatosis,and the young and middle-aged females with middle or high education are the most susceptible people to cosmetic dermatosis.

Objective To discuss the clinical value of serum tumor specific growth factor (TSGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in early diagnosis of thyroid cancer.Methods Eighty thyroid cancer patients (thyroid cancer group),120 nodular goiter patients (nodular goiter group),and 80 healthy adult (blank control group) were enrolled in this study.The level of TSGF and VEGF in two groups were detected by ELISA and compared.Results The level of TSGF and VEGF in thyroid cancer group and nodular goiter group were significantly higher than those in blank control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Serum TSGF and VEGF have some clinical value in early diagnosis of thyroid cancer.

Objective To explore the molecular effect and interaction among nephrin, podocin, CD2AP and ?-actinin-4. Methods Firstly, the recombinant RNA interference (RNAi) plasmid-psiRNA-hH1GFPzeo, specifically targeting to the mRNA of nephrin, podocin, CD2AP or ?-actinin-4, was respectively tansfected into the mouse podocyte clone (MPC5) to each knockdown (KD) the expression of nephrin, podocin, CD2AP or ?-actinin-4. Molecular distributions were revealed by confocal microscopy, and the mRNA and protein expressions were detected with semi-quantitative RT-PCR and Western blotting. Results (1)In podocin KD group (siPod966 and siPod54), the mRNAs of podocin and nephrin were not detected, their protein decreased 92% and 79%, 82% and 67%, respectively. The mRNA and protein level of CD2AP increased 62% and 42%, 71% and 46%, respectively, whereas ?-actinin-4 did not change. In nephrin KD group (siNep492), the mRNA expression and protein level of nephrin were not detected, CD2AP increased 35% and 48%, respectively; and whereas podocin and ?-actinin-4 did not change. In CD2AP KD group (siCda744 and siCda21), the mRNA of expression CD2AP was not detected, and its protein level decreased 92% and 83%, the mRNA and protein of nephrin decreased 60% and 48%, 76% and 72%, respectively; podocin increased 38% and 22%, 56% and 44%, respectively; whereas ?-actinin-4 did not change. In ?-actinin-4 KD group (siAct1790 and siAct319), the mRNAs expression of ?-actinin-4 and nephrin decreased 69% and 58%, 64% and 49%, respectively; their protein level decreased 81% and 55%, 71% and 64%, respectively. However, the mRNAs of podocin and CD2AP increased 50% and 34%, 45% and 28%, respectively; and their protein level increased 64% and 46%, 65% and 42%, respectively. (2) With their expression change, the distributions of nephrin, podocin and CD2AP shifted evidently from the cell membrane surface to the nucleus circumference, whereas ?-actinin-4 showed no change, which was still localized in the cytoplasm and further extended to foot processes. Conclusion (1) Nephrin might more independently play a crucial role in the slit diaphragm complex. (2) Alpha-actinin-4 might interact direcdy or indirectly with nephrin, podocin and CD2AP. (3) The relationship among these podocyte molecules might not be spontaneous, either a single-directional or bi-directional reaction. (4) The normal localization of these podocyte molecules might depend on their normal expression quantity.

Background Angle Kappa is the angle between the pupillary axis and visual axis,and it is a major consideration in corneal refractive surgery and strabismic surgery.Researches showed that age and refractive status affect angle Kappa value,and additionally,the measuring results of angle Kappa are associated with instruments.Objective This study was to investigate and weight the influences of axial length,anterior chamber depth and corneal curvature to angle Kappa.Methods A cross-sectional study was designed.Fifty health volunteers were included from Dec 2009 to Aug 2010,with the age of 18-38 years and average diopter of-1.0 D and best corrected visual acuity of 1.0.The horizontal and vertical angle Kappa was binocular measured with a testing machine designed by laboratory of School of Optometry & Ophthalmology Wenzhou Medical University.IOLMaster was employed to measure the ocular axial length,anterior chamber depth and corneal curvature radius.A multiple linear regression model was established to analyze the influences of axial length,anterior chamber depth and corneal curvature radius to angle Kappa.Results An efficacious regression equation was established as Y =15.554-0.587X1+0.724X2+ 0.232X3 with the independent variables as axial length(X1),anterior chamber depth (X2),corneal curvature (X3) and dependent variable as horizontal angle Kappa (Y) (R =0.788,R2 =0.621,P =0.000).Horizontal angle Kappa showed a negative correlation with axial length (b1 =-0.587,β1 =-1.002,P =0.000) and a positive correlation with anterior chamber depth (b2 =0.724,β32 =0.296,P =0.030).No significant correlation was found between corneal curvature radius and horizontal angle Kappa (b3 =-0.232,β3 =-0.068,P=0.338).A new regression equation was Y =14.235-0.622X1 + 0.824X2 after removed the corneal curvature variable (R =0.786,R2=0.618,P =0.000),with a negative correlation between horizontal angle Kappa and axial length (b1 =-0.622,β1 =-1.062,P＜0.05) or positive correlation between horizontal angle Kappa and the anterior chamber depth (b2 =0.824,β2 =0.337,P＜0.05).In addition,a multiple linear regression equation among 3 independent variables and dependent variable of vertical angle Kappa was Y =0.492-0.020X1 +0.038X2 +0.089X3 (R =0.436,R2 =0.191,P =0.000).However,no significant correlations were seen between vertical angle Kappa and axial length,anterior chamber depth or corneal curvature radius (all at P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Ocular axial length and anterior chamber depth have an obvious influence to horizontal but not vertical angle Kappa.Axial length appears to have more influence to horizontal angle Kappa than anterior chamber depth.

A bacterial cell surface display technique based on an ice nucleation protein has been employed for the development of live vaccine against viral infection.Due to its ubiquitous ability to invade host cells,Salmonella typhimurium might be a good candidate for displaying viral antigens.We demonstrated the surface display of domain III of Japanese encephalitis virus E protein and the enhanced green fluorescent protein on S.typhimurium BRD509 using the ice nucleation protein.The effects of the motif in the ice nucleation protein on the effective display of integral protein were also investigated.The results showed that display motifs in the protein can target integral foreign protein on the surface of S.typhimurium BRD509.Moreover,recombinant strains with surface displayed viral proteins retained their invasiveness,suggesting that the recombinant S.typhimurium can be used as live vaccine vector for eliciting complete immunogenicity.The data may yield better understanding of the mechanism by which ice nucleation protein displays foreign proteins in the Salmonella strain.

Objective To establish the determination method synthetic borneol and menthol in Keyou nanoemulsion. Methods HP-5 quartz capillary column (30 m×320 μm×0.25 μm) was used with nitrogen as the carrier gas, and FID as the detector. The temperature of the entrance of the capillary vessel column was at 230 ℃. Results Synthetic borneol and menthol in Keyou nanoemulsion were separated well. The calibration curves of synthetic borneol was obtained with good linear relationship within the range of 0.337-1.685 μg (r 2=0.998 2), the average recovery was 97.5%. The calibration curves of menthol was also obtained with a good linear relationship within the range of 0.234-1.17 μg (r 2=0.997 4), the average recovery was 97.0%. Conclusion The methord is simple and accurate. It can be used to control the quality of Keyou nanoemulsion.

Objective To investigate the effect of mucolytic agents during endoscopic sinus surgery.Methods 84 patients of chronic rhinosinusitis were employed in the study,which were randomly divided into the control group(41 subjects) and study group(43 subjects) according to the digital table.The patients in the control group adopted regular therapies,and study group were received regular therapies as well as mucolytic agents(eucalyptol-limonene-pinene soft capsule,300 mg,three times a day) application for 8 weeks.Followed visiting lasted for 6 months.The VAS scores,Lund-Mackay scores and efficient rate were compared.Results The VAS scores and Lund -Mackay scores in the control group after treatment were (3.63 ± 1.71)points and (8.34 ±4.68) points,and which in study group were (2.03 ± 1.67) points and (6.48 ± 3.59) points,and the difference was statistic significant (t =4.338 and t =2.049,P ＜ 0.05).According to CPOS-2012,in the control group,19 cases were controlled,14 cases were partly controlled,and 8 cases were uncontrolled,the whole efficient rate was 80.5％.in the study group,24 cases were controlled,17 cases were partly controlled,and 2 cases were uncontrolled,the whole efficient rate was 95.3％.Compared to the control group,the efficient rate of the study group was higher,the result showed statistical significance (x2 =4.420,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Using mucolytic agent after surgery can improve the controlled rate and affect the success of treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis.