Objective: To explore the relationship between the preoperative immune state and the progress, the prognosis in patients with gastric carcinoma. Methods: The NK cell activity (lactdehydrogenase releasing),the level of T cells subgroup (FACS) were detected preoperatively. The data of intra operative findings, pathologic observations and the results of clinical follow up were also studied. Results: The preoperative immune function in cancer patients was significantly reduced compared with the control group, and it had a significantly negative correlation with the stage of the cancer, but a positive correlation with the prognostic results. Conclusion: The detection of the preoperative immune state can play an important role in the estimation of the disease progress and the prognosis in cancer patients.

BACKGROUND:With unique structure and physicochemical property, carbon nanotubes have promising application prospects in the fields of drug delivery, biosensor and biomaterials. However, carbon nanotubes are highly hydrophobic and trend to aggregate, and thus carbon nanotubes are hard to be dispersed in solution. Furthermore, carbon nanotubes induce blood coagulation and have cytotoxicity, which greatly limit the application of carbon nanotubes. OBJECTIVE:To prepare heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes and to study the effects of heparin-immobilization on the water solubility, stability as wel as biocompatibility of carbon nanotubes. METHODS:By the method of covalent grafting, heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes was fabricated and characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and carbazole assay. Transmission electron microscopy was used to investigate the dispersing performance and suspension stability of heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes in aqueous solution. Anti-Xa activity and activated partial thromboplastin time assays were used to measure the anticoagulation activity of heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes. MTT assay was used to evaluate the cytocompatibility of heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Heparin was covalently linked to the surface of single-wal ed carbon nanotubes successful y. The amount of heparin on single-wal ed carbon nanotubes was measured to be 257.53 mg/g. Heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes were wel dispersed and stable in an aqueous solution without aggregation. The anti-Xa activity of heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes was measured to be 36.53 U/mg, suggesting a significant anticoagulant activity. Further study of activated partial thromboplastin time assay found that the anticoagulant effect of heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes could be prolonged. MTT assay revealed that heparinized single-wal ed carbon nanotubes had no cytotoxicity and showed good cytocompatibility. Taken together, the immobilization of heparin on single-wal ed carbon nanotubes wil not only improve its solubility and stability in water, but also endow it with excellent biocompatibility.

To investigate the effects and mechanism of andrographolide(Andro)on type II diabetic nephropathy in Leprdb/dbmice,levels of urinary protein,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen after 24 h of Andro(1 mg/kg,ip)treatment on Leprdb/dbmice were measured by kit.The changes on renal pathology and sugar levels in diabetic mice treated by Andro were observed by HE staining and PAS staining.The expression of fibronectin (FN)and NOX-4 protein were analyzed by immunofluorescence.Results showed that levels of urinary protein, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in Leprdb / dbmice after Andro treatment for 24 h were significantly lower than those of the control group. Kidney pathologic change was inhibited, and FN and NOX-4 expression were markedly decrease in the Andro group.In conclusion,Andro can significantly reduce the diabetic nephropathy in Leprdb/dbmice with spontaneous type II diabetes mellitus.

This article provides a comprehensive overview of the concepts and types of comorbidities associated with cardiovascular diseases in the aged, summarizing their impacts on patients and potential intervention measures. The aim is to offer a reference for future research related to comorbidity management in aged cardiovascular disease patients in China.