Objective To study the prevention and treatment of pneumoperitoneum-related complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods A retrospective analysis was made on clinical data of 1 100 cases of LC from October 1993 to January 2003. The cases were divided into two groups: 980 cases admitted before September 2001 received a 14 mmHg carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum (Group A), and 120 cases after September 2001 received a 10 mmHg pneumoperitoneum (Group B). Results Carbonemia happened in 2 cases in the Group A but in no cases in the Group B. The incidence of postoperative shoulder pain was significantly lower in the Group B (19 2%, 23/120) than in the Group A (43 9%, 430/980) ( ? 2 =26 951, P =0 000). The incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) was significantly lower in the Group B (25 8%, 31/120) than in the Group A (61 2%, 600/980) ( ? 2 =54 750, P =0 000). Conclusions Carbonemia, shoulder pain and PONV can be reduced by regulating the ventilation and decreasing the pneumoperitoneum pressure.

ObjectiveTo study the assistant therapic effect of the Botulinum toxin A (BTA) on tiptoe after cerebral palsy(CP).MethodsMulti point injection of BAT into the musculus gastrocnemius combined with the rehabilitate therapy was used on 35 children(39 feet)with tiptoe after CP.The therapeutic effect was evaluated after a month.ResultsThe efficiency rate is 25.6%,the slight efficiency rate is 71.8%,the ineffective rate is 2.6%.There is no toxic or side effect was observed.Conclusions The BTA can relieve spasm of musculature and redress abnormality from convulsing of musculature.

Objective To determine if the carbon dioxide (CO 2) pressure used in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) has any effect on the occurrence of postoperative shoulder pain. Methods One hundred and twenty consecutive patients undergoing LC were prospectively divided into three groups(40 patients in each group): Patients in group A underwent LC with 10 mm Hg of CO 2, those in group B with 12 mm Hg of CO 2, and in group C with 14 mm Hg of CO 2. PaO 2?PaCO 2?pH before and after LC were recorded. Shoulder pain was recorded on a visual analogue pain scale 1,3,6,12,24,48,72,96 h after operation. Results The intraoperative CO 2 consumption was significantly higher in group C (F=11.38,P

The effects of PEG10 on hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced apoptosis in human normal liver cell line L0(2) were investigated. The PEG10 gene was transfected into L0(2) cells by lipofectamine, the positive clone was screened by G418 and defined as L0(2)/PEG10, while the cell transfected with empty expression vector (pEGFP-N1) was defined as L0(2)/vector. L0(2)/vector and parental L0(2) cells served as control. RT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the expression of target genes. H(2)O(2) (50-400 mmol/L) was administered to induce the apoptosis of L0(2) cells. Cells viability was measured by MTT and the morphological changes of apoptotic cells were determined by fluorescence microscopy using hoechst33342 nuclei staining. DNA fragmentation was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis. PEG10 mRNA and protein levels in L0(2)/PEG10 cells were significantly increased as compared with those in the control cells. After treatment with 400 mmol/L H(2)O(2) for 24 h, the cellular growth inhibition rate of L0(2)/PEG10 cells was significantly lower (58.2%) than that of L0(2) (92.5%) and L0(2)/vector (88%). Distinct morphological changes characteristic of cell apoptosis such as karyopyknosis and conglomeration were not observed in L0(2)/PEG10. Ladder-like DNA fragmentation in a dose-dependent manner was observed in both L0(2) and L0(2)/vector cell lines, but not in L0(2)/PEG10. PEG10 over-expression significantly inhibited cytotoxicity induced by H2O2 on human normal liver cell line L0(2) by antagonizing H(2)O(2)-induced apoptosis.

The role of catecholamine (CA) in the pathogenesis and development of macular edema of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) was studied, and its relations with visual acuity were investigated. Plasma concentrations of epinephrine (E) and norepinephrine (NE) were determined in 30 consecutive eyes with CSC. Central macular thickness analysis was done by RTA and all the data were compared with normal eyes and analyzed with SAS software package. Plasma concentrations of E and NE were increased to (569 +/- 123) ng/L and (721 +/- 104) ng/L respectively in active CSC patients, significantly higher than those in normal subjects (P < 0.01), and decreased to normal in convalescent stage. RTA analysis revealed that the retinal thickness of CSC patients was increased at active and recovery stage as compared with normal subjects; and the plasma concentration of E was significantly correlated with central macular thickness (t = 2.173, P < 0.05). Also, central macular thickness measured by RTA was significantly correlated with the visual acuity (r = -0.8046, P < 0.001) in CSC eyes. RTA analysis might be useful to quantitatively detect and evaluate prognosis in CSC patients. The plasma concentration of E, which was highly correlated with macular edema, might play an important role in the early damage and the pathogenesis of CSC.
Adult ; Chorioretinitis ; blood ; etiology ; Edema ; Epinephrine ; blood ; physiology ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Macula Lutea ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Norepinephrine ; blood ; physiology ; Retina ; pathology ; Visual Acuity

Objective:To investigate the protective mechanism of resveratrol in reducing cardiac ischemia‐reperfusion injury (I/R) of diabetic rats and its effect on autophagy of cardiomyocytes .Methods:Streptozotocin(STZ)‐induced diabetic rat model was constructed and 35 diabetic model rats were randomly divided into five groups ,the sham group ,the resveratrol non‐surgery group ,the I/R group ,the resveratrol treatment group ,and the resveratrol+insulin group ,with 7 rats in each .Then I/R model was built by ligating‐relaxing the left coronary .The change of myocardial infarction size was observed by methylene blue stalning . Autophagic vacuoles were observed with transmission electron microscope (TEM ) . The expression of microtubule‐associated protein 1 light chaln 3(LC3)‐Ⅰ and Ⅱ ,autophagy related gene 5(Atg5) ,Beclin‐1 ,as well as the expression and phosphorylation levels of AMP‐activated protein kinase(AMPK) and mammalian target of rapamycin(mTOR) , were detected by Western blotting .Results:The infarction size in resveratrol treatment group and resveratrol+ insulin group was significantly smaller than that in I/R group(P<0 .05) .TEM showed that in resveratrol treatment group and resveratrol+insulin group ,autophagy of cardiomyocytes could be promoted and the structure of cardiomyocytes could be improved ,when I/R of occurred .The expression levels of LC3‐Ⅱ ,Atg5 ,Beclin‐1 in I/R group were significantly lower than those in sham group (P<0 .05) ,whereas the change of expression levels of LC3‐Ⅰ had no significant difference(P> 0 .05) .Meanwhile ,the expression levels of Atg5 and Beclin‐1 in resveratrol treatment group and resveratrol+ insulin group were significantly higher than those in I/R group ,and the expression level of Beclin‐1 in resveratrol+insulin group was higher than that in resveratrol treatment group(P< 0 .05) .There was no significant difference in the expression level of AMPK and mTOR among the 5 groups(P> 0 .05) .However ,the expression level of p‐AMPK was significantly higher in resveratrol treatment group and resveratrol+insulin group than that in I/R group ,and the expression level of p‐mTOR was significantly lower in resveratrol treatment group and resveratrol+ insulin group than that in I/R group ( P< 0 .05 ) .Conclusions:Resveratrol may protect cardiomyocytes of diabetic rats by activating AMPK pathway ,inhibiting mTOR pathway ,increasing the expression of LC3‐Ⅱ , Atg5 and Beclin‐1 ,promoting autophagy ,suppressing I/R ,and reducing infarction size .

Background Agitated behaviour in male patients with schizophrenia can lead to serious consequences for the individual and the society.Non-invasive drug delivery may help to rapidly control agitation and improve the overall patient satisfaction,but there are limited studies on the efficacy of olanzapine oral soluble film for the treatment of agitated behaviour in patients with schizophrenia.Objective To compare the efficacy and safety profile of olanzapine oral soluble film versus intramuscular haloperidol against agitated behaviour in male patients with schizophrenia,so as to provide a reference for the treatment of agitated behaviour.Methods From May 2022 to July 2023,a consecutive sample of schizophrenic patients(n=44)with agitated behaviour who met the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders,fifth edition(DSM-5)were recruited in the male psychiatric closed ward of the Third People's Hospital of Fuyang.Patients were assigned into two groups using the random number table method,each with 22 cases.Study group was treated with olanzapine oral soluble film 10 mg/d,while control group was given intramuscular haloperidol 8 mg/d.The severity of agitated behaviour was determined using Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale-Excited Component(PANSS-EC)and Agitation Calmness Evaluation Scale(ACES)at the baseline and after 6 h of drug administration.The treatment response rate was calculated based on the reduction of PANSS-EC score,and the drug side effects were assessed using Rating Scale for Extrapyramidal Side Effects(RSESE)and Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale(BARS)after 6 h of drug administration.Results After 6 h of drug administration,no statistical difference was reported in PANSS-EC score and ACES score between two groups(F=0.039,0.082,P>0.05),and the treatment response rate yielded no statistical difference between two groups(χ2=0.419,P=0.517),while study group reported a lower incidence rate of adverse reactions compared with control group,with statistically significant difference(P=0.031).BARS scores noted no statistical significant difference between two groups(t=0.587,P=0.561),whereas study group scored lower on RSES compared to control group,with a statistical difference(t=-7.367,P<0.01).Conclusion In the treatment of agitation in male patients with schizophrenia,the efficacy of olanzapine oral soluble film is comparable to that of intramuscular haloperidol,while the safety profile of the former is superior to that of the latter.

The effects of PEG10 on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced apoptosis in human normal liver cell line L02 were investigated. The PEG10 gene was transfected into L02 cells by lipofectamine,the positive clone was screened by G418 and defined as L02/PEG10,while the cell transfected with empty expression vector (pEGFP-N1) was defined as L02/vector. L02/vector and parental L02 cells served as control. RT-PCR and Western blotting were employed to detect the expression of target genes. H2O2 (50-400 mmol/L) was administered to induce the apoptosis of L02 cells. Cells viability was measured by MTT and the morphological changes of apoptotic cells were determined by fluorescence microscopy using hoechst33342 nuclei staining. DNA fragmentation was observed by agarose gel electrophoresis. PEG10 mRNA and protein levels in L02/PEG10 ceils were significantly increased as compared with those in the control cells. After treatment with 400 mmol/L H2O2 for 24 h,the cellular growth inhibition rate of L02/PEG10 cells was significantly lower (58.2%) than that of L02 (92.5%) and L02/vector (88%). Distinct morphological changes characteristic of cell apoptosis such as karyopyknosis and conglomeration were not observed in L02/PEG10. Ladder-like DNA fragmentation in a dose-dependent manner was observed in both L02 and L02/vector cell lines,but not in L02/PEG10. PEG10 over-expression significantly inhibited cytotoxicity induced by H2O2 on human normal liver cell line L02 by antagonizing H2O2-induced apoptosis.

Objective Compare and analyze the clinical efficacy and imaging differences of zero-profile interbody fusion cage and interbody fusion cage combined with titanium plate in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion(ACDF).Methods The clinical data of 40 patients who underwent ACDF in our hospital from February 2017 to November 2021 were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,22 patients were treated with zero-profile interbody fusion cage(zero-profile group),and 18 patients were treated with interbody fusion cage combined with titanium plate(titanium plate group).Record the operation time and intraoperative blood loss of the two groups.Japa-nese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)score,neck disability index(NDI)score and postoperative dysphagia were used to evaluate the clinical efficacy.Measure the cervical Cobb angle(C2-C7),fusion segment Cobb angle,aver-age intervertebral space height,and fusion segment height.Evaluate the fusion and subsidence of the cage by observ-ing the internal and external bone bridging of the cage through postoperative CT.Results There was no significant difference in operation time and intraoperative blood loss between the two groups(P>0.05).The JOA score,NDI score,average intervertebral space height,and fusion segment height of the two groups after operation were signifi-cantly improved compared with those before operation(P<0.05).The incidence of postoperative dysphagia in the zero-profile group was significantly lower than that in the titanium plate group(P<0.05).The Cobb angle of the fusion segment in the zero-profile group at 3 months after operation was significantly improved compared with that before operation(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in the other radiographic parameters between the two groups at each follow-up time point(P>0.05),except for the Cobb angle of the fusion segment at 3 months after operation and at the last follow-up(P<0.05)and the difference in the extra-fusion bone bridge(ExGBB)between the two groups at the last follow-up(P<0.05).Conclusions In ACDF,the clinical efficacy of zero-profile interbody fusion cage and interbody fusion cage combined with titanium plate is similar,both of which can significantly improve cervical function and postoperative imaging indicators.However,the zero-profile interbody fusion cage sig-nificantly reduced the incidence of dysphagia compared with the interbody fusion cage combined with titanium plate.In the end-stage follow-up,the former is better than the latter in improving the Cobb angle of the fusion segment and ExGBB,which is more conducive to promoting bone graft fusion.Both fuses have the risk of sinking.

Objective:To investigate the effect and influencing factors of anti-retroviral therapy (ART) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-positive female commercial sex workers (CSW) in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.Methods:A retrospective cohort study was used in this study. A total of 661 HIV-positive CSW receiving ART from the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region′s municipal and county-level Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reported to Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region CDC from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2018 were included.The demographic information of the patients, marital status, past medical history, acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART, medications, CD4 + T lymphocytes, virological and immunological effects after receiving ART for six to 12 months were collected. Logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of virological failure and immunological failure of HIV-positive CSW after six to 12 months of ART. Results:Among 661 HIV-positive CSW, 50(7.6%) cases experienced virological failure, 80(12.1%) cases experienced immunological failure, and 13(2.0%) had both virological failure and immunological failure.There were 85 cases (12.9%) who had a history of sexually transmitted diseases. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that unmarried (adjusted odds ratio (a OR)=3.298, 95% confidence interval ( CI) 1.285 to 8.461), AIDS-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART (a OR=4.391, 95% CI 1.555 to 12.402) and missed medications in the last seven days (a OR=3.731, 95% CI 1.942 to 7.166) were risk factors for virological failure. Compared with CD4 + T lymphocytes<200.00/μL at baseline, 350.00≤CD4 + T lymphocytes <500.00/μL (a OR=3.543, 95% CI 1.631 to 7.701) and CD4 + T lymphocytes≥500.00/μL (a OR=2.358, 95% CI 1.002 to 5.547) were risk factors for immunological failure. Conclusions:HIV-positive CSW in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region have a better treatment effect, with low rates of virological failure and immunological failure. Marital status, baseline CD4 + T lymphocyte counts, AIDS-related diseases after six to 12 months of ART, and missed medication in the last seven days are factors influencing the effect of six to 12 months of ART.