Objective To detect the expression of dead box 1(DDX1)gene in tumor tissue and pericarcino-matous tissue of clinical neuroblastoma(NB)samples,and explore the relationship between DDX1 and NB. Methods Five cases of pathological specimens in children with NB were chosen from Department of Pathology,the First Affi-liated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University between January 2012 and December 2014. In the 5 cases,3 cases were male,2 cases were female,the age of 1 - 5 years old,average age(2. 1 ± 1. 6)years. The NB tissue and pericarcino-matous tissue(pericarcinomatous tissue was normal tissue which was at least 2 cm from the tumor tissue)of 5 children were collected and fixed in 40 g/ L formaldehyde solution. Then with the conventional dehydration,embedding,sectio-ning, dewaxing, hydration, antigen repair, add primary antibodies, secondary antibodies, diaminobenzine chromogenic. The expressions of DDX1 in tumor tissue and pericarcinomatous were observed with light microscopy and with semi - quantitative analysis.(1)Staining degree:no staining with 0 score;light staining with 1 score;medium staining with 2 scores;deeply staining with 3 scores.(2)Positive cells proportion:positive cells proportion ﹤ 10% with 0 score;positive cells proportion within 10% - 30% with 1 score;positive cells proportion within 31% - 60% with 2 scores;positive cells proportion ﹥ 61% with 3 scores. Final scores were a half of the sum of staining degree score and positive cells proportion score,final score within 0 -1. 0 with - ,1. 1 -2. 0 with + ,2. 1 - 3. 0 with + + ,3. 1 -5. 0 with + + + . Results DDX1 were expressed in NB and pericarcinomatous tissues,but visible DDX1 positive staining number more and deeper in NB,DDX1 positive staining number less and light in pericarcinomatous tissues. Five cases of pericarcinomatous tissues immunohistochemical semi - quantitative score were negative and final scores were 1. 0 score or less,the mean value was 0. 5 score. NB immunohistochemical semi - quantitative score were+or + +and final scores were 1. 5 score or higher,the mean value was 1. 8 scores,the expressions of DDX1 were sig-nificantly higher in NB than the pericarcinomatous tissues. Conclusions DDX1 is highly expressed in NB,which may contribute to the development of NB. This suggest DDX1 may serve as an oncogene and play a catalytic role in the de-velopment of NB,which provides a clinical evidence for the follow - up study.

Objective:To analyze the effectiveness of antiviral therapy on adolescents and adults with infectious mononucleosis (IM).Methods:The clinical data of patients aged≥16 years old with IM who were hospitalized in Peking University First Hospital from January 1, 2005 to December 31, 2018 were analyzed retrospectively, and the patients were divided into antiviral treatment group and non-antiviral treatment group. The duration of hospitalization day, fever duration, ratio of lymphocytes and duration for normalization of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) markers were compared between the two groups through single factor and propensity score matching analysis. Statistical analysis was conducted by independent sample t test, Mann-Whitney U test, chi-square test or Fisher exact probability method. Results:A total of 274 cases were enrolled and 176 cases (64.23%) were divided into antiviral treatment group and 98 cases (35.77%) into non-antiviral treatment group. The proportion of male (56.25%(99/176) vs 56.12%(55/98)), age (21.0(18.0, 26.0) years old vs 21.0(18.0, 27.0) years old), the ratio of fever (98.30%(173/176) vs 93.88%(92/98)), sore throat (90.34%(159/176) vs 88.78%(87/98)), lymphocyte ratio (0.648(0.568, 0.707) vs 0.663(0.581, 0.711)), atypical lymphocyte ratio (0.150(0.100, 0.235) vs 0.135(0.060, 0.250)) and serum EBV DNA level (2.71(2.70, 3.47) lg copies/mL vs 2.70(2.70, 3.28) lg copies/mL) were comparable between two groups at admission, and the differences were all not statistically significant(all P>0.05). The durations of hospitalization and fever in antiviral treatment group were 14.0(10.0, 18.0) d and (14.91±7.24) d, respectively, which were both significantly longer than those in non-antiviral treatment group (11.0(7.0, 15.0) d and (9.95±5.67) d, respectively). The differences were both statistically significant ( Z=-3.294 and t=-5.035, respectively, both P<0.01). Twenty-six patients each in the antiviral treatment group and non-antiviral treatment group were included in the propensity score matching assessment. The fever days of the two groups were 15.0(10.0, 18.0) d and 7.5(5.0, 12.5) d, respectively, and the hospitalization days were (15.4±5.5) d and (12.0±5.7) d, respectively. The differences were both statistically significant ( Z=-3.781 and t=-2.187, respectively, both P<0.05). However, there were no significant differences in the time required for the ratio of lymphocytes returning to normal, the time required for the ratio of atypical lymphocytes decreasing to <0.100, and the time required for serum EBV DNA becoming negative(all P>0.05). Conclusion:The antiviral treatment could not improve the prognosis of adolescent and adult IM patients.

Objective:To develop a software for rapid estimation of external dose to the public due to environmental radioactive contamination.Methods:Based on the data provided by the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), a database of the conversion coefficients of external dose rates for the public (adult and children of different age groups) under different environmental exposure scenarios was created. The programs of data search and calculation were written using Python language, and the software interface was designed using PyQt toolkit. To test the calculation results, the differences in external doses to different age groups of the public caused by most likely produced radionuclides under three environmental exposure scenarios were calculated, and their rationalities were analyzed.Results:The software can immediately complete the estimation of the organ equivalent doses and the effective dose due to the external exposure form environmental contamination by using a personal computer with a Windows system, and its results are reasonable. The test results showed that the younger the public members, the larger the organ dose and effective dose. For soil surface and water contaminated with 90Sr with the same activity concentration reaching radioactive equilibrium, the effective dose to infants was about 6.08 times and 2.51 times those to adults, respectively. Conclusions:The software developed in this study has the advantages of simple operation and fast calculation, and is suitable for rapid estimation of external dose to the public members of different age groups in emergency situations such as nuclear accidents.

Objective To explore the possible associations between EBV capsid antigen-immunoglobulin M antibody (EBV-VCA-IgM ) ,serum EBV DNA load and clinical severity ,laboratory results in adolescent and adult patients with infectious mononucleosis (IM ).Methods Clinical data of 250 adolescent and adult IM patients were retrospectively analyzed .Patients were divided into two groups by EBV-VCA-IgM titer (＞160 U/mL or≤160 U/mL) and serum EBV DNA level (＞3 .38 lg copies/mL or ＜3.38 lg copies/mL) ,respectively . Clinical data were compared between the two groups ,respectively .The t test was used for intergroup comparison and the Mann-Whitney U test was used for non-normally distributed data .Results Compared with those with lower VCA-IgM antibody titer (≤160 U/mL) ,sore throat (83.0%[122/147] vs 67.2%[43/64] ,χ2＝ 6.534 ,P＝0 .011) ,pharynx secretion (59 .9%[88/147] vs 40 .6%[26/64] ,χ2＝6.645 , P＝0 .010) ,and swollen tonsils (78 .9%[116/147] vs 59.4%[38/64] ,χ2＝8.631 , P＝0.003) were more common in those with higher VCA-IgM antibody titer (＞160 U/mL).ALT level was higher as well in those with higher VCA-IgM antibody titer (290 .5 [168.0 ,460.5] U/L vs 221 .0[113 .0 ,440.5] U/L ,Z＝ －2.251 ,P＝0.024).The peak body temperature ([39.2 ± 0.7]°C vs [38.7 ± 0 .7]°C ,t＝ －3 .150 ,P＝0.002) ,maximum WBC counts (16 .2 [12 .2 ,20.4]×109/L vs 13.4[11 .1 ,17.3]×109/L ,Z＝ －2 .098 , P＝0.036) ,maximum percentage of lymphocyte ([72.0 ± 7.8]% vs [68.2 ± 7 .0]%,t＝ －2.238 ,P＝0.028) ,and lymphocyte EBV DNA load ([5 .5 ± 0.9] lg copies/mL vs [4 .8 ± 1 .0] lg copies/mL ,t＝ －2 .602 ,P＝0.012)in those with higher serum EBV DNA load ＞3 .38 lg copies/mL were higher than those with serum EBV DNA load ＜3.38 lg copies/mL . Regression analysis showed that serum EBV DNA load was associated with the peak body temperature (regression coefficient 0.368 , P＝0.003) and lymphocyte EBV DNA load (regression coefficient 0.389 , P＝0.002).Conclusions In adolescents and adults ,EBV-VCA-IgM antibody titer and serum EBV DNA load are associated with severity of patients with infectious mononucleosis .

With features such as high-definition magnification of the surgical field, filtering of hand tremor, and robotic arm with multi-degree-of-freedom rotatable wrist, surgical robot has unique advantages in various aspects of digestive tract reconstruction (DTR) after robotic gastrectomy (RG). Currently, there is still controversy about the selection and standardized application of DTR after RG for gastric cancer. To standardize the selection and implementation of DTR, we describe various aspects of quality control before DTR, selection of indications, principles of DTR, and prevention and management of postoperative complications of DTR. We also comment on the operation details of robotic-assisted and total robotic DTR, including manual suture, linear anastomosis with linear stapler, and circular anastomosis with circular stapler. Meanwhile, we propose our prospects on the potential application of new technology in robotic DTR for gastric cancer.

With features such as high-definition magnification of the surgical field, filtering of hand tremor, and robotic arm with multi-degree-of-freedom rotatable wrist, surgical robot has unique advantages in various aspects of digestive tract reconstruction (DTR) after robotic gastrectomy (RG). Currently, there is still controversy about the selection and standardized application of DTR after RG for gastric cancer. To standardize the selection and implementation of DTR, we describe various aspects of quality control before DTR, selection of indications, principles of DTR, and prevention and management of postoperative complications of DTR. We also comment on the operation details of robotic-assisted and total robotic DTR, including manual suture, linear anastomosis with linear stapler, and circular anastomosis with circular stapler. Meanwhile, we propose our prospects on the potential application of new technology in robotic DTR for gastric cancer.

Purpose To explore the cardioprotective effect of cang-ai volatile oil(CAVO)on rats with cardiac function impairment model under low-pressure and low-oxygen environment in Tibet Plateau based on 7.0T cardiovascular magnetic resonance(CMR)imaging.Materials and Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group,the high altitude model group,the CAVO-treated group and the rhodiola rosea-treated group,with 10 rats in each group.Except for the normal group,the rats in other groups were transferred from the plain(500 m above sea level)to the Tibet Plateau(4 250 m above sea level)for two months,and then administered with the corresponding drugs by gavage for 14 d.The left ventricle function was measured by using a 7.0T high-field strength CMR and myocardial strain was analysed by using tissue tracing technique.HE staining was used to observe the morphology of cardiomyocytes,Masson staining to observe interstitial fibrosis,wheat germ agglutinin staining to observe cardiomyocyte hypertrophy,and transmission electron microscopy to observe the morphological changes of mitochondria in each group.Serum levels of creatine kinase,creatine kinase isoenzyme,lactate dehydrogenase,cardiac troponin T,superoxide dismutase,malondialdehyde and glutathione peroxidase were detected.Intracellular reactive oxygen species levels were detected using flow cytometry.Results The left ventricular ejection fraction of rats in the CAVO-treated group was higher than that of the high altitude model group[(66.61±1.38)％vs.(60.94±3.21)％;t=3.969,P=0.032];meanwhile,the global circumferential strain of the left ventricle in the CAVO-treated group was higher than that of the high altitude model group(-25.68±1.30 vs.-22.84±1.17;t=3.967,P=0.003).HE,Masson and wheat germ agglutinin staining showed hypertrophy and necrosis as well as interstitial fibrosis and ultrastructural disruption of cardiomyocytes in the high altitude model group,which improved after CAVO treatment.The level of cardiac troponin T in the serum of rats with CAVO treatment group was significantly decreased compared with that of the high altitude model group[(314.03±20.05)pg/ml vs.(518.30±18.13)pg/ml;1=13.090,P=0.001].Conclusion CAVO treatment can reduce cardiac injury caused by low-pressure hypoxia in high altitude,and its effect can be detected dynamically and non-invasively by 7.0T high-field strength CMR.

Objective: To investigate PLOD2 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and to explore the potential mechanism by which PLOD2 promotes tumor metastasis. Methods: The expression of PLOD2 in 60 cases of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (the patients were collected at the first Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University, from January 2016 to December 2017) was investigated by immunohistochemistry. Fibrillar collagen formation and collagen deposition were detected by picrosirius red staining. Correlation of PLOD2 expression with clinical pathologic features of the patients was performed using χ² test and Kaplan-Meier analysis. After EC-109 cells were transfected with LV-vector and LV-over/PLOD2, the expression of PLOD2 was detected by real time PCR and the impact of POLD2 on invasion in EC-109 cells was determined by transwell migration and invasion assays. The expression of PLOD2/AKT epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition signal pathway related proteins was detected by Western blot. Results: The expression level of PLOD2 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma was 81.7% (49/60 cases),higher than their paired noncancerous tissues(8.3%, 5/60; P<0.01), and correlated significantly with tumor depth of invasion and nodal metastasis (P<0.01). Picrosirius red staining showed that collagen deposition was increased and the degree of fibrillar organization was enhanced in carcinoma tissues that had higher PLOD2 expression. Transwell migration and invasion assays showed that PLOD2 significantly promoted the migration and invasion ability of EC-109 cells. Western blot showed that PLOD2 significantly increased the expression levels of p-FAK, p-AKT and vimentin in EC-109 cells. Conclusions Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has a high expression of PLOD2 that correlates with tumor invasion and lymph node metastasis. PLOD2 promotes invasion and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma through epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition via FAK/AKT signal pathway.

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of aqueous extract of Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma （STRR） on rheumatoid arthritis （RA） and to explore the anti-bone destruction mechanism based on phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase （PI3K）/serine/threonine-protein kinase （Akt） pathway. MethodHigh-performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） was used to determine the content of main active components in aqueous extract of STRR， and type Ⅱ collagen to induce RA （CIA） in mice. The blank group， model group， methotrexate （MTX） group （0.5 mg·kg^-1）， and low-dose （100 mg·kg^-1） and high-dose （200 mg·kg^-1） STRR aqueous extract groups were designed. Joint swelling was observed and clinical scores of CIA mice were calculated. Pathological changes of mouse joints were observed based on hematoxylin and eosin （HE） staining， and Micro-CT was performed to monitor joint destruction. TRAP staining was used to observe osteoclast formation in mouse joint， and Western blot to detect the expression of key proteins in PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in mouse joint tissue. ResultThe model group demonstrated higher degree of joint swelling， clinical scores of CIA， and degrees of synovial hyperplasia， inflammatory cell infiltration （P<0.01）， and joint destruction， more osteoclasts， and higher levels of matrix metallopeptidase-9 （MMP-9）， cathepsin K （CTSK）， nuclear factor of activated T-cells cytoplasmic 1 （NFATc1）， PI3K， and phosphorylated-Akt （p-Akt） proteins than the blank group （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， the low-dose and high-dose aqueous extract of STRR alleviated joint swelling， reduced the clinical scores of CIA mice （P<0.05， P<0.01）， relieved the pathological changes of joint tissue （P<0.01） and joint destruction， decreased osteoclasts （P<0.05， P<0.01）， and lowered the levels of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway-related proteins in joint tissue of mice （P<0.01）. ConclusionThe aqueous extract of STRR can significantly delay the inflammatory response of RA and especially inhibit bone destruction by down-regulating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a common cause of liver disease in China, and with the continuous progress in the research on antiviral therapy for chronic hepatitis B, the indications for antiviral therapy are constantly expanding. However, there are still controversies over the indications for antiviral therapy in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), especially those with negative HBV. By analyzing the limitations of HBV DNA detection, the risk of HBV reactivation in HBV-negative CHB patients, the risk of disease progression in the DNA-negative population with compensated hepatitis B cirrhosis, antiviral response, and the economic benefits of antiviral therapy, this article proposes the necessity of antiviral therapy for HBV-negative HBsAg-positive patients with compensated hepatitis B cirrhosis.