Erythrocytes were frozen with DMSO of different concentrations (not over 20%) as a cryoprotec-tive agent in freezers of different temperatures.The rate of temperature drop was not controlled. Of the erythrocytes actually frozen, the average recovery rate after thawing was 91.3 per cent (range 87.5~ 95%). The average survival rate of erythrocytes stored at -20℃, -30℃, or -80℃ for up to eight months was 90.9 per cent (range 88.2~ 94.5). As compared with glycerol, which is in common use internationally, DMSO seems to be a better cryoprotective agent.

In recent years, we have tried transfusion of large numbers of granulocytes in the patients withsevere infection due to gram-negative bacteria or the patients treated with various types of antibioticswithout effect. The results were quite satisfactory. We know from experience that the curative effectis related to the number of the granulocytes transfused. Only by increasing it to 6-8?109 or 6-8?1016 the curative effect can be achieved.

Objective To understand the status of knowledge,attitude and practice(KAP)of foodborne parasitic diseases among senior high school students in Three Gorges Reservoir Region. Methods A total of 1 353 senior high school students were selected with the cluster sampling method and investigated with the questionnaires in Zigui County,and the data were ana?lyzed statistically. Results Among the 1 353 students surveyed,the awareness rates of parasitic diseases,their hazards and transmissions were 62.23%(842 cases),80.78%(1 093 cases)and 83.89%(1 135 cases)respectively. The awareness rate of parasitic diseases in the students of senior Grade One was higher than that of Grade Two(χ2 =7.037,P<0.05). The formation rates of behaviors of refusing of raw food,refusing of unboiled water,and dining at home or school in the students of senior Grade One were higher than those of Grade Two(χ2=6.970,12.749 and 12.921 respectively,and all P<0.05). Fifty?one per?cent(690 cases)of students would not have the food with the infection risk of parasitic diseases. Conclusion The awareness of parasitic diseases of high school students in Zigui County is not efficient,and the health education should be strengthened.

The compounds were isolated from Aoonitum coreanum (Lev1.) Rapaics and identificd by TLC, IR, MS and NMR, as ?-sitosterol (Ⅰ), daucosterol (Ⅱ), Guan-Fu base A (Ⅲ),GuanFu bas. G (Ⅳ), condelphine (Ⅴ), Guan-Fu base Ⅰ (Ⅵ), hetisinone (Ⅶ), isoatisinum chloride (Ⅷ), atisinum chloride (Ⅸ), and Guan-Fu base z (Ⅹ) from the root. Compounds Ⅲ and Ⅸ were also found in the aerial parts of the plant. compounds Ⅱ, Ⅴ, Ⅶ and Ⅷ were obtained for the first time from this plant. Most of them exhibited antiarrhythmic activlty.

0.01).After incubation with trehalose for 4h,the expression of CD62p increased,and it decreased when platelets activation inhibitor PGE-1 and adenosine were added to the incubation buffer.The expression of PAC-1 showed no difference among the three groups. Conclusion The preprocessing before platelets lyophilization has no significant effects on the function and activity of platelets when the platelets activation inhibitor is added.

Objective To establish a simple and feasible method of preparing young erythrocytes and test some indexes of evaluating the mean cell age.Methods We collected 34 bags of whole blood from healthy blood donors,400ml/each bag,then eliminated WBCs by leukoreduction filter.After twice centrifuging and manual speration,we finally obtained young erythrocytes from the upper section of the red cell layer,the remains were old erythrocytes.These different age erythrocytes were separated by blood bags.Some indexes as pyruvate kinase,reticulocyte count,mean corpuscular volume(MCV),mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentraion(MCHC),erythrocytes deformation index EI were tested on the non-separation erythrocytes,young erythrocytes and old erythrocytes,simultaneouosly,the detecting hemoglobin recovery rate.Results There was significant difference of all indexes among the three kinds of erythrocyte products.The PK activity ratio of young erythrocytes' to non-preparating erythrocytes was 1 175?0 13,showed the mean cell age was about 40 days.The hemoglobin recovery rate was(48 37?3 82)%.Conclusions The method is effective for preparing young erythrocytes,PK,REI,MCV,MCHC and EI can be used to evaluate the young erythrocytes' mean cell age.

Objective To study the effect of oxigenated leukodepletion filter(OLF), in order to evaluate its potential value in battlefield trauma application.Methods 12 bags of whole blood were filtered by OLFs, while the other 12 by normal filters,some indexes including ,partial pressure of oxygen(PO 2),O 2 saturation of oxygen(SO 2),HbO 2 WBC,RBC counter and volume of RBC supernatant were measured before and after leukocyte filtration.Results PO 2,SO 2 and HbO 2 increased 57%,51% and 53% respectively after filtration by OLFs, the residual leukocyte count decreased to (3 37?0 54)?10 7 each bag,and the leukocyte clearance rate was (97 52?0 74)%.Conclusions OLF can improve the effect of blood transfusion and reduce some acute transfusion adverse reactions.Thereby,application of the OLF has binefits significantly to heal the wounded patients in battlefield trauma.

Objective To estimate the efficacy and safety of cryopreserved platelets in surgical patients.Methods 238 patients in recent years with hemorrhage or high risk of hemorrhage induced by thrombocytopenia or functional platelet defects during or after surgery, who had been transfused with cryopreserved platelets, were included in our study. The following items were recorded: bleeding time before and two hours after transfusion of cryopreserved platelets; the persist time of blood oozing from wound after transfusion; platelet count before and one hour after transfusion; platelet count before and immediately after surgery; and the number of patients with adverse transfusion reactions. The hemostatic efficacy was judged by the bleeding time and platelet count change.Results Bleeding times before and two hours after cryopreserved platelets transfusion were (9?3)min,(4?2)min respectively; blood oozing from wound stopped 0.5～2 hours after transfusion; the platelet level was elevated by(5～42)?10 9/L one hour after transfusion; the postoperative platelet count was decreased by(130?69)?10 9/L compared to preoperative count; four patients had urticaria and five had febrile reaction. The hemostatic efficacy was 95%(226/238) Conclusion Cryopreserved platelets function immediately to bring about the cessation of blood oozing from the wound,and elevation of peripheral blood platelet count.

Objective 1) To establish and optimize a flow cytometry method for detecting CD62p reexpression by preserved platelets.2) Daily determination of the CD62p expression by platelets stored at 22℃ to assess its value in evaluation of preserved platelet quality.Methods 1) Statistic methods including factorial experiment was applied to optimize the major conditions for sample management, and the feasible negative and positive control for FCM analysis of CD62p expression were check out.2) Thirteen donors' platelets including ten PRP and three apheresis concentrations were stored in a flatbed shaker at 22?2℃ for 12 days. The CD62p expression were detected daily. The correlation between CD62p expression and in vivo residual life span of 22℃ stored platelet were analyzed.Results 1) Satisfactory conditions for analysis CD62p anew expression by FCM were obtained. 2) The CD62p anew expression by stored platelets was correlated to the in vivo residual life span of the platelets with the correlation coefficients between 0.91 and 0.99.Conclusion 1) This FCM method is simple, sensitive, stable, and easy to carry. 2) Platelet CD62p expression can be used to monitor the function of stored platelets and has the potential in the study of new platelet preservation technique.

Objective To evaluate the efffects of leukocyte-depleted blood transfusion the protection of cardio pulmonary tissue and the reduction of postoperative bacterial infection.Methods Three hundred and forty-four pediatric patients were allocated to one of 3 groups based on transfusing different components of blood during open heart surgery:control group(n=109),routing blood transfusion group(RBT,n=113),leukocyte depleted blood transfusion group (LDBT,n=122). Blood samples were taken before operation,at 6h,and 24h after operation fir determination of creatininee kinase MB( CK MB),aspartate transaminase(AST),lactate dehydrogenase(LDH)and MDA. At the same time,we monitored changes of TPR and RI,and recorded changes of body temperature and days of utilizing antibiotics after operation.Results After operation serum concentrations of CK MB,AST, LDH and MDA significantly increased in all groups as compared to the values before operation,but the values of those in group LDBT were significantly loert than those in group RBT(P0.05).Conclusions Leukocyte depleted blood transfusion can effectively prevent the patients from cardion pulmonary ischemia-reperfusion injury and reduce postoperative bacterial infection in pediatric open heart surgery.