BACKGROUND:Regional myocardial diastolic dysfunction has been recognized as a sensitive and characteristic sign of myocardial ischemia and infarction,train rate imaging(SRI)is a novel ultrasonic technique with good spatial and high temporal resolution,nd it can be used to quantitatively analyze regional myocardial function.OBJECTIVE:To investigate the characteristics of the longitudinal diastolic strain rate(SR)in ischemic and infarct myocardium by SRI,n order to explore the clinical value of SRI in evaluating regional left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease.DESIGN:A case-control study.SETTING:Department of Cardiology.Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University.PARTICIPANTS:All the participants were selected from outpatients and/or inpatients of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University between October 2005 and April 2006.Twenty-one patients with myocardial infarction(MI group)and 11 patients with angina pectoris(AP group)were enrolled in the study.Twenty age-matched healthy subjects served as controls.METHODS:After performing conventional echocardiographic examination,olor tissue Doppler images from apical four-,three- and two-chamber views (posterior septum and lateral wall,nterior septum and posterior wall,nterior and inferior wall)were recorded on magneto-optical disk.Then SR curves were derived from the stored images off-line using QLAB 4.2software.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Ischemic segments in the AP group,nfarct segments in the MI group and normal segments in the control group were analyzed.The parameters measured included peak early diastolic SR (SRe)and peak late diastolic SR(SRa).RESULTS:Compared with the normal myocardium,oth SRe and SRa decreased significantly in the infarct and ischemic myocardium(all P＜0.05).No significant differences were observed with respect to SRe and SRa between the infarct and ischemic myocardium(both P＞0.05).CONCLUSION:SRI can be used to quantitatively analyze regional myocardial diastolic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease,ut its value is limited in differentiating infarct from ischemic myocardium.

In recent years, the literature showed that Yiqi Yangyin and Huoxue Huayu method (benefiting qi and nourishing yin, promoting blood circulation to remove blood stasis) in treating diabetic complications has achieved a satisfactory effect. This article made a summary on the method of Yiqi Yangyin and Huoxue Huayu from theoretical, clinical, and laboratory aspects.

Objective To investigate the damage of hippocampal neurons induced by chronic cerebral ischemia in the rats,and to clarify its mechanism.Methods 90 healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=30 ) and experimental group (n=60 ). The chronic cerebral ischemia rat models were established by permanently ligating the common carotid arteries on both sides of the rats in experimental group.The rats in sham operation group were established by incising the cervical median,only the common carotid arteries on both sides were separated without ligating. The rats in sham operation group and experimental group were respectively sacrificed at the 7th,14th and 21st day after operation.At each time point 10 rats in sham operation group and 20 rats in experimental group were selected and sacrificed.Immunohistochemistry staining was used to observe the dynamic changes of the expression levels of choline acetyltransferase(ChAT)in hippocampus neurons, and TA-FE method was used to observe the dynamic changes of hippocampal microvascualr architecture. MiVnt image analytical system was used to quantitatively analyze the immunohistochemistry result,the microvessel density (MVD)and micorvessel area density (MVA)of horizontal part of hippocampus in the rats. Results Compared with sham operation group,the ChAT expression levels in hippocampus neurons of the rats in experimental group at different time points were significantly decreased(P<0.05);and with the prolongation of time,the ChAT expression levels were gradually decreased;the ChAT expression level in 14-day experimental group was significantly lower than that in 7-day experimental group (P<0.05 );the ChAT expression level in 21-day experimental group was significantly lower than those in 7-day and 14-day experimental groups(P<0.05).The MVD and MVA of hippocampus of the rats in experimental group at different time points were obviously decreased compared with sham operation group(P<0.05);the MVA was gradually decreased with the prolongation of time, and the MVA of hippocampus of the rats in 21-day and 14-day experimental groups were obviously decreased compared with 7-day experimental group(P<0.05);the MVD was gradually decreased with the prolongation of time,the MVD of hippocampus of the rats in 21-day and 14-day experimental groups was obviously decreased compared with 7-day experimental group(P<0.05);the MVD of hippocampus of the rats in 21-day experimental group was obviously decreased compared with 14-day experimental group(P<0.05).Conclusion Chronic cerebral ischemia can lead to the progressive decrease of the ChAT expression level,MVD and MVA of hippocampus of the rats to aggravate gradually the learning and memory dysfunction, which may be one of the reasons of vascular dementia.

BACKGROUND:It has been proved that bone marrow mononuclear cel transplantation can obviously improve neurological function of rats with cerebral hemorrhage. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effects of transplanted bone marrow mononuclear cel s on the neurological function and apoptosis in perihematomal brain tissues fol owing cerebral hemorrhage in a rat model. METHODS:Twenty-four Sprague-Dawley rats were given stereotaxical injection of col agenase IV into the caudate nucleus to establish cerebral hemorrhage models in transplantation group (n=12) and model group (n=12), and then at 6 hours after cerebral hemorrhage, rats in these two groups were administrated 3x1010/L al ograft bone marrow mononuclear cel s and the same amount of PBS, respectively. Another 12 rats were given no interventions as control group. Neurological functions of rats were assessed at 1, 4, 8, 16 days after cerebral hemorrhage;pathological changes of the injury sites were observed at 16 days after transplantation;neuronal apoptosis rates in the perihematomal brain tissue were detected by flow cytometry at 2 and 4 days after transplantation. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The modified neurologic severity scores in the transplantation group were significantly lower than those in the model group at 8 and 16 days after cerebral hemorrhage (P<0.05). In the control group, cel s in each layer arranged closely with complete structure, and neurons and glial cel s were in good shape;in the model group, perihematomal brain tissues were loose with intercel ular gap, in which most neurons and glial cel s became necrotic;in the transplantation group, cel s in each layer arranged closely and regularly, and glial cel proliferation occurred. Besides, compared with the model group, the neuronal apoptosis rate in the transplantation group was significantly lower (P<0.05). To conclude, bone marrow mononuclear cel s can significantly enhance the neurological function recovery and reduce neuronal apoptosis in the brain of cerebral hemorrhage rats.

AIM:To detect and compare the longitudinal mitral annulus diastolic velocity and time interval changes by pulsed Doppler tissue imaging(DTI)in patients with angina pectoris(AP)and myocardial infarction(MI),and to explore the value of mitral annulus diastolic velocities and time intervals for evaluation of global left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.METHODS:Fifty patients with established coronary artery disease were divided into AP group(16 cases)and MI group(34 cases).Sixteen age-matched healthy individuals served as the control group.The septum,lateral,anterior and inferior walls of the mitral annulus were displayed,and selected for DTI spectrum sampling.Peak early and late diastolic velocities and their ratio,time to the onset and peak of the early diastolic wave,and regional isovolumic relaxation time were measured,and the average values of the four mitral annular sites were calculated and presented as Em,Am,Em/Am,QEm,TEm and IVRTm,respectively.RESULTS:Compared with the control group,Em and Em/Am were significantly lower in both the AP and the MI groups(P＜0.01).Em was even lower in the MI group than that in the AP group(P＜0.01).QEm,TEm and IVRTm were significantly longer in the AP and the MI groups than those in control group(P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).IVRTm was even longer in the MI group than that in AP group(P＜0.01).IVRTm had significantly negative correlation with Em(r=-0.64,P＜0.01).CONCLUSION:Em,Em/Am,QEm,TEm and IVRTm as measured by pulsed DTI may be promising indexes for quantitative assessment of global left ventricular diastolic dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease.Em and IVRTm may indicate the severity of ischemic myocardial damage.

Objective To investigate the correlated factors of pulmonary metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC),so as to provide theoretical evidences for the prevention and treatment.Methods The clinical data of 862 patients with HCC who were admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University from January 2008 to March 2012 were retrospectively analyzed.There were 107 patients with pulmonary metastasis.Factors including serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level,serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) level,hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection,presence and treatment of intrahepatic tumor were analyzed to screen out relevant factors of pulmonary infection of HCC.Univariate and multivariate COX regression model analysis were performed for data analysis.Results The results of univariate analysis showed that high level of AFP (≥400 μg/L),ultra-high level of GGT (≥ 150 U/L),presence of HBV infection,the number of intrahepatic tumors ≥2,no radical resection (or radiofrequency ablation) for intrahepatic tumors,combining with tumor thrombi in the vessels,lymph node metastasis were risk factors of pulmonary metastasis of HCC (RR =1.986,3.653,0.365,3.675,0.252,0.379,0.352,P ＜ 0.05).The results of multivariate analysis showed that high level of AFP (≥400 μg/L),HBV infection,the number of intrahepatic tumors ≥2,no radical resection (or radiofrequency ablation) for intrahepatic tumors,combining with tumor thrombi in the vessels were risk factors of pulmonary metastasis of HCC (RR =2.391,3.462,3.425,3.396,2.418,0.638,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions AFP ≥400 μg/L,HBV infection,the number of intrahepatic tumors ≥ 2,no radical resection (or radiofrequency ablation),tumor thrombi in the vessels and lymph node metastasis are risk factors of pulmonary metastasis of HCC.Anti-hepatitis virus treatment and early treatment are helpful for the prevention and treatment.

Objective To explore the mechanism of Didang Qigui Recipe on preventing diabetes. Methods Ten female rats were set randomly as normal group, and others 70 were injected with STZ (60 mg/kg) to establish the diabetic model. After the model was established, 50 model rats were randomly divided into five groups:the model group, Didang Qigui Recipe group, the gliclazide group, Didang Qigui Recipe high-dose group, Didang Qigui Recipe and gliclazide group, with 10 rats in each group. All groups were given a gavage with related medicine. With treatment being given respectively, eight weeks later, contents of IL-1βand IL–2 in serum were detected by ELISA and structure of pancreatic β cells was observed by immunohistochemistry and microscope. Results Compared with the model group, the contents of IL-1βand IL-2 in serum of rats decreased in treatment groups, especially in Didang Qigui Recipe group and Didang Qigui and gliclazide group (P<0.05). The degree of apoptosis in pancreaticβcells, especially in the above two groups, has been less affected than other groups (P<0.05). Conclusion Didang Qigui Recipe has preventive and therapeutic effects on diabetes by inhibition of inflammatory response and protection structure of pancreaticβcells.

Objective To compare among three different methods in performing hepatic vascular blockade during hemihepatectomy for primary hepatic carcinoma ( PHC). Methods Between 2000 and 2005, 83 PHC patients underwent the Pringle's maneuver (Group A) , 67 cases in combination Pringle's maneuver and inferior vena cava (IVC) clamping (Group B) , and 32 cases received anatomical blood flow blockade for the half liver for hemihepatectomy ( Group C). Results Operation time in group C was longer than that in group A and B(t =3. 27、2. 74,all P

An experimental animal model of malignant soft-tissue tumor was established to investigate the applied value of multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging preliminarily. Ten New Zealand white rabbits which were implanted with VX2 tumor in either proximal thigh were subjected to CT plain scan and perfusion scan two weeks later respectively, then the original perfusion images were transmitted to AW4.0 Workstation. The functional maps and perfusion parameters including blood flow (BF), blood volume (BV), mean transit time (MTT) and permeability surface (PS) were computed and analyzed. All the values of BF, BV and PS in VX2 soft-tissue tumors were obviously higher while the MTT-values were lower than those in the normal muscular tissues significantly. It was suggested that multi-slice spiral CT perfusion imaging is an accurate, convenient and relatively safe functional imaging technique, and can give a quantitative assessment to angiogenesis and blood perfusion of soft-tissue tumors.

Objective:To establish the optimal extraction technology of Xiaoer Yinqiao granules by orthogonal test. Methods:The effects of water amount,extraction duration and extraction times were investigated by orthogonal design using the contents of forsythia-side A and chlorogenic acid as the indices. Results: The optimum extraction process was as follows: adding 8-fold amount of water, and extracting 1. 5 h for the first time, and then adding 6-fold amount of water, extracting 1 h for the second and third time, respective-ly. Conclusion:The extraction technology is simple, reasonable and reliable.