ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of CD90 in human intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma and its association with lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis. MethodsA total of 49 samples of intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma tissue and 49 samples of adjacent tissue were collected after surgical resection in The Affiliated Hospital of Chengde Medical College from March 2013 to March 2016, and 40 normal liver tissue samples were selected as control. Immunohistochemistry was used to measure the expression of CD90 in each sample, and its association with clinical indices, survival, and prognosis of patients with intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma was analyzed. The t-test was used for comparison of continuous data between two groups; the chi-square test was used for comparison of categorical data between two groups, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was used for comparison between three groups and further comparison between two groups. The Kaplan-Meier curve was used to analyze postoperative recurrence and survival, and the log-rank test was used for comparison. Results The moderately positive expression rate of CD90 was 65.31% in intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma tissue, 30.61% in adjacent normal tissue, and 0% in normal liver tissue, suggesting that the intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma tissue had a significantly higher moderately positive expression rate of CD90 than adjacent normal tissue and normal liver tissue (P＜0.05). The expression of CD90 was associated with TNM stage and hilar lymph node metastasis in the patients with intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma (χ2=12837 and 17.824, both P＜0.001). The patients with negative/weakly positive expression of CD90 had significantly higher relapse-free survival rate and overall survival rate after surgery than those with moderately/strongly positive expression (χ2=3.845 and 4.152, P=0025 and 0.021). ConclusionCD90 is highly expressed in human intrahepatic cholangiocellular carcinoma tissue, which is associated with hilar lymph node metastasis and poor prognosis and plays an important role in tumor development, progression, and metastasis.