Astragalus polysaccharide (APS)was applied to treat rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Blood glucose and insulin, the activity of PKB/Akt and translocation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle of rats were examined. Results showed that AIMS decreased blood glucose, which may be related with increasing sensitivity of insulin, activity of PKB/Akt and transloeation of GLUT4 in the skeletal muscle tissue.

The food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus occurs in Kunming or Yunnan Province sometimes.The aim of our survey is to prevent and control this kind of food poi- soning in the future.The result shows that the positive rate is 19.20% and the degree of contamination differs in the different kinds of food,the dairy products being contaminated most seriously of all.The bacteria in the contaminated food number mostly 10~2～10~4 per gram,Though it is not very high,the presence of Bacillus cereus is so wide that we showld pay much attention to it. Abut 97.65% of Bacillus cereus can be biologically classified and the most com- mon types are 2,8 and 10.About 92.98% of Bacillus cereus can be classified according to the serological type,and type 3 is the most predominant one and type 1 the second.In the dairy products,biological types 2 and 8 make up 54.55% and serological type 1 36.36%. The bacteria isolated from the food are highly sensitive to erythromycin,chlor- amphenicol,gcntamycin,streptomycin and kanamycin.

Objective To explore the clinical value of cervical lesion screening,which was detected by Pap smears,thinprep cytologic test (TCT),full automatic cellular DNA quantitative analysis system,human papilloma virus detection,colposcopy staining biopsy and blind biopsy.Methods 8 780 peoples were as the study object,divided into four groups,positive rate and accuracy of different screening methods;In addition,which were the positive rate of colposcopy staining biopsy and blind biopsy,the positive rate of HPV in all positive biopsy people and negative biopsy people,and the HPV infection rate of various lesions in positive patients were compared,respectivey.Results (1) The positive rates between the four groups showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of Pap smears and TCT had no statistical difference between every two of them (P ＜ 0.05),the rest were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).(2) The accuracy rates between the four groups showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).The accuracy rate of Pap smears and TCT had no statistical difference between two of them(P ＞ 0.05),the rest were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).(3)The positive rate of colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid (VIA) was higher than that of blind biopsy (P ＞ 0.05).(4) The positive rate of HPV detection of positive biopsy people was higher than that of negative biopsy people(P ＜0.05).(5)In colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid(VIA)group,the HPV positive rates of inflammation showed an increasing trend(P ＜ 0.05) ;in blind biopsy group,the HPV positive rates also showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion (1) HPV test has the highest sensitivity and strongest specificity,cellular DNA quantitative analysis is second,Pap smears is worst,so HPV and DNA detection have more valuable in clinical.(2)There is no significant difference between colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid(VIA)and blind biopsy in clinical,but HPV infection is the key factor,which affects the occurrence,development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and gradually progresses to cervical cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effects of controlling arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2) at the beginning and during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on cyanotic myocardial protection. Methods 40 Children suffering from tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) under 3 years of age with SpO 2

Objective To examine the health-promoting lifestyles of clinical nurses and analyze the relationship between the scores and their socio-demographic characteristics.Methods The researeh design was a cross-sectional descriptive study.The study population was 710 clinical nurses who were working at a class A tertiary teaching hospitals in a certain province.The research instruments included the healthpromoting lifestyle profile and socio-demographic characteristics of objects.Results The research findings showed that the nurses had a relatively poor health-promoting lifestyles with the mean total score at (81.41±21.71); within 52 items,the mean score of each item was (1.57:±0.42).Significant differences were found among sub-dimensions of health-promoting lifestyle profile,while nurses performed best in the interpersonal relations,subsequently followed by self realization,balanced diet,pressure management and health responsibility,but worst in exercise.There was also a statistical difference in the total score of health-promoting lifestyle among nurses who had different characteristics including marital status,education level,professional tifle,income,and taking the night shift.Conclusions The research results should raise the concern of nursing managers and clinical nurses to rectify the current status of relatively poor health- promoting lifestyles among nurses.

Objective:to study cognitive impairment and social function of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD). Method:22 patients with AD and 12 with depression in elderly were followed for 3 months, both at the very beginning and the end of 3 months, they were tested with CASI (cognitive abilities screening instrument) and FAQ (functional activities questionnaire).Result:scores of short memory, attention, mathematics, abstract and association of CASI were significantly lower in AD group than that in depression group. AD patients had also poorer outcome in FAQ, such as in that of shopping, learn new things, and recall of engagement.Conclusion:Cognitive impairment and social function of patients with AD were poorer than elderly patients with depression.

Objective To analyze the causative of damaged bioprosthetic valves implanted in 41 patients (with total 47 valves) over one year. Methods From June 1993 to June 2004,re-replacement of valves was performed in 41 patients with dysfunctional bioprosthetic valves. The interval between the two operations was 1～16 years [mean (9.7?4.1) years]. The 47 dysfunctional bioprosthetic valves were carefully observed and pathologically examined. Results Of the 47 valves, no valve frame was damaged; tear or perforation existed in 42 valves (89.3%); calcification was found in 35 valves (74.5%), with fibrosis; excrescence and thrombus coexisted in 2. Heavily damaged ones were sent for pathological examination, and infiltration of abundant phagocytes and monocytes was found. Conclusion Early damages were mainly tear or rupture, while late damages were compound outcomes of multiple damaging factors such as calcification, rupture, and tear.

Objective To study the changes of nitric oxide synthase in placenta during fetal cardiac bypass. Methods Eight pregnant ewes (gestation 120～140 d)were divided equally into control group and bypass group. Bypass group underwent fetal cardiac bypass with centrifugal pump and placenta. Fetal hemodynamic date and blood gas value were recorded before and after bypass. Placenta vascular resistance was calculated. Fetal serum nitric oxide (NO), serum endothlin-1(ET-1) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) of placenta tissue were assayed. Transcriptions of endothelial NOSmRNA in placental tissue were assayed with RT-PCR technique. Results Acidosis and pressure of oxygen decreased after bypass appeared in fetal lamb of bypass group. Placenta vascular resistance of bypass group elevated significantly (P

Objective To establish a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification RT-LAMP rapid detection method of enterovirus 71(EV71) in hand ,foot and mouth disease (HFMD) ,and to evaluate its application.Methods Four types of LAMP primers were designed by using the software needle based on the 6 distinct regions of the specific gene of EV71.The process of amplification was completed in the ordinary thermostatic water container by 65 ℃ for 1200 min.The results of amplification were judged by electrophoresis and naked-eye.Seventy EV71 type intestinal positive specimens were simultaneously detected by RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods.EV71 type of intestinal virus RNA were made a series.After 10 times of dilution ,the RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods were used to conduct the detection for comparing their sensitivities.Results The LAMP characteristic ladder bands of EV71 appeared ,then the results could judged by the naked-eye.The detection rate in 100 EV71 samples had no statistical difference between RT-LAMP and RT-PCR methods (P>0.05).The sensitivity (10.0 pg/μL) of RT-LAMP was same to that of RT-PCR method.Conclusion The RT-LAMP detection method for EV71 was established ,which can be used for nucleic acid am-plification in the ordinary thermostatic water container.The preliminary application verifies that this RT-LAMP assay has a certain application prospect.

Objective To discuss the relationship between and value of Leptin with disorder of lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus. Method Research objects are divided into three groups including GDM group, normal glucose tolerance group (NGT group), normal non-pregnant group. Blood lipid, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, serum leptin and placental leptin levels were detected and HOMA-IR was calculated. Result (1) Serum leptin, TC, TG, placental leptin and HOMA-IR in GDM group were higher than those of NGT group and TC, serum leptin and HOMA-IR of NGT group were higher than those of control group. There were statistical significances (P<0.05). (2)Serum leptin levels were positively correlated with BMI, HOMA-IR, TC and TG respectively (r = 0.593, 0.688, 0.722, 0.492 respectively, P < 0.05). Conclusion Leptin may cause lipid metabolism disorders, and together they participate in the pathogenesis of GDM. Maternal serum leptin level is expected to become an observation index of GDM.