Astragalus polysaccharide (APS)was applied to treat rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Blood glucose and insulin, the activity of PKB/Akt and translocation of GLUT4 in skeletal muscle of rats were examined. Results showed that AIMS decreased blood glucose, which may be related with increasing sensitivity of insulin, activity of PKB/Akt and transloeation of GLUT4 in the skeletal muscle tissue.

The food poisoning caused by Bacillus cereus occurs in Kunming or Yunnan Province sometimes.The aim of our survey is to prevent and control this kind of food poi- soning in the future.The result shows that the positive rate is 19.20% and the degree of contamination differs in the different kinds of food,the dairy products being contaminated most seriously of all.The bacteria in the contaminated food number mostly 10~2～10~4 per gram,Though it is not very high,the presence of Bacillus cereus is so wide that we showld pay much attention to it. Abut 97.65% of Bacillus cereus can be biologically classified and the most com- mon types are 2,8 and 10.About 92.98% of Bacillus cereus can be classified according to the serological type,and type 3 is the most predominant one and type 1 the second.In the dairy products,biological types 2 and 8 make up 54.55% and serological type 1 36.36%. The bacteria isolated from the food are highly sensitive to erythromycin,chlor- amphenicol,gcntamycin,streptomycin and kanamycin.

Objective To explore the clinical value of cervical lesion screening,which was detected by Pap smears,thinprep cytologic test (TCT),full automatic cellular DNA quantitative analysis system,human papilloma virus detection,colposcopy staining biopsy and blind biopsy.Methods 8 780 peoples were as the study object,divided into four groups,positive rate and accuracy of different screening methods;In addition,which were the positive rate of colposcopy staining biopsy and blind biopsy,the positive rate of HPV in all positive biopsy people and negative biopsy people,and the HPV infection rate of various lesions in positive patients were compared,respectivey.Results (1) The positive rates between the four groups showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).The positive rate of Pap smears and TCT had no statistical difference between every two of them (P ＜ 0.05),the rest were statistically significant (P ＜0.05).(2) The accuracy rates between the four groups showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).The accuracy rate of Pap smears and TCT had no statistical difference between two of them(P ＞ 0.05),the rest were statistically significant (P ＜ 0.05).(3)The positive rate of colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid (VIA) was higher than that of blind biopsy (P ＞ 0.05).(4) The positive rate of HPV detection of positive biopsy people was higher than that of negative biopsy people(P ＜0.05).(5)In colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid(VIA)group,the HPV positive rates of inflammation showed an increasing trend(P ＜ 0.05) ;in blind biopsy group,the HPV positive rates also showed an increasing trend (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion (1) HPV test has the highest sensitivity and strongest specificity,cellular DNA quantitative analysis is second,Pap smears is worst,so HPV and DNA detection have more valuable in clinical.(2)There is no significant difference between colposcopy biopsy under vision inspection with acetic acid(VIA)and blind biopsy in clinical,but HPV infection is the key factor,which affects the occurrence,development of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and gradually progresses to cervical cancer.

Objective To evaluate the effects of controlling arterial oxygen partial pressure (PaO 2) at the beginning and during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) on cyanotic myocardial protection. Methods 40 Children suffering from tetralogy of Fallot(TOF) under 3 years of age with SpO 2

Objective To discuss the relationship between and value of Leptin with disorder of lipid metabolism in gestational diabetes mellitus. Method Research objects are divided into three groups including GDM group, normal glucose tolerance group (NGT group), normal non-pregnant group. Blood lipid, fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, serum leptin and placental leptin levels were detected and HOMA-IR was calculated. Result (1) Serum leptin, TC, TG, placental leptin and HOMA-IR in GDM group were higher than those of NGT group and TC, serum leptin and HOMA-IR of NGT group were higher than those of control group. There were statistical significances (P<0.05). (2)Serum leptin levels were positively correlated with BMI, HOMA-IR, TC and TG respectively (r = 0.593, 0.688, 0.722, 0.492 respectively, P < 0.05). Conclusion Leptin may cause lipid metabolism disorders, and together they participate in the pathogenesis of GDM. Maternal serum leptin level is expected to become an observation index of GDM.

Objective To explore the effects of phentolamine on the function of the islets isolated from normal rats.Methods The SD rats islets were isolated by digestive method with collagenase and DNase.Millipore Multiscreen Assay System was used to observe the effects of phentolamine on the function of isolated islets. Insulin and glucagon were measured by RIA. Results ⑴Insulin secretion of the isolated islets incubated in culture medium was glucose concentration-dependent manner. Phentolamine had stimulate insulin secretion significantly. Nifedipine (Ca 2+ channel blocker) and diazoxide (K + channel opener) had inhibit the insulin release, but their effects were abolished by phentolamine. ⑵Glucagon secretion of the isolated islets in culture medium incubated was inhibited by glucose. Phentolamine inhibited glucagon secretion significantly, and the inhibiting effect was also concentration-dependent manner,both the nifedipine and diazoxide had the effect too. Conclusion Phentolamine could stimulate insulin secretion, and inhibit glucagon secretion in the isolated islets.It maybe has some hypoglycemic effects on diabetes.

Objective To examine the health-promoting lifestyles of clinical nurses and analyze the relationship between the scores and their socio-demographic characteristics.Methods The researeh design was a cross-sectional descriptive study.The study population was 710 clinical nurses who were working at a class A tertiary teaching hospitals in a certain province.The research instruments included the healthpromoting lifestyle profile and socio-demographic characteristics of objects.Results The research findings showed that the nurses had a relatively poor health-promoting lifestyles with the mean total score at (81.41±21.71); within 52 items,the mean score of each item was (1.57:±0.42).Significant differences were found among sub-dimensions of health-promoting lifestyle profile,while nurses performed best in the interpersonal relations,subsequently followed by self realization,balanced diet,pressure management and health responsibility,but worst in exercise.There was also a statistical difference in the total score of health-promoting lifestyle among nurses who had different characteristics including marital status,education level,professional tifle,income,and taking the night shift.Conclusions The research results should raise the concern of nursing managers and clinical nurses to rectify the current status of relatively poor health- promoting lifestyles among nurses.

Through making a summary of using the portable X-ray machine in the earthquake relief,the equipment of the advantages and disadvantages in the field are analyzed and introduces the problems and solutions in application,and gives some improved suggestions for tripod.

Objective: To study the long-term effects of mitral valve replacement with bioprostheses in rheumatic heart valve disease. Methods: 166 patients with rheumatic heart valve disease underwent isolated mitral valve replacement from Jan.1978 to Dec.1985. 79 Patients were male and 87 female. Patients' age ranged from 11 to 53 years[mean (29.4?9.9) years]. The patients were classified into two groups: group 1(age

Objective: To investigate the possible pathogenesis and report the postoperative results of the late tricuspid regurgitation (TR) after left cardiac valve replacement. Methods: 56 patients developed severe TR after left cardiac valve replacement, including 10 patients with normal prosthesis valve function (group A) and 46 patients with prosthesis valve dysfunction (group B). Four patients underwent mitral valve replacement (MVR) and 6 patients underwent mitral and aortic valve replacement (DVR) in group A. In group B, 36 patients received MVR, 4 aortic valve replacement (AVR) and 6 DVR. Ten patients underwent tricuspid De Vega annuloplasty and 46 patients' tricuspid valves were normal during the initial operation. The surgical treatment of tricuspid valve included tricuspid valve replacement (TVR) in 9 and tricuspid valve plasty (TVP) in 47 at the second operation. Results: Two patients died postoperatively with hospital mortality of 3.6%. The 54 survivors were followed up from 6 to 132 months, mean 79.4 months. The heart function improved significantly in 8 after TVR and 40 after TVP. However, echocardiography showed moderate TR in 5 and severe TR in 1 patient after TVP and medical treatment was needed. Conclusion: The sustained pulmonary hypertension, irreversible right heart impairment, resumption of left ventricular function and sustained atrial fibrillation may be responsible for the development of late TR after left cardiac valve replacement. TVR may achieve a reliable result for severe functional TR and rheumatic tricuspid valve lesion. In some patients with TVP during the follow up, the TR might become more serious.