Objective To study the antagonism of water-soluble compounds of salvia-salvianolic acid A(SalA),salvianolic acid B(SalB) and catechu aldehyde(CA) to Cr(Ⅵ) induced genetic toxicity in Vicia faba root tip cells.Methods The root tip of Vicia faba were treated with SalA,SalB,CA(5-1000 ?g/ml) and every compound combined with 100 ?g/ml Cr(Ⅵ) respectively,and with distilled water as control group.The micronucleus rate(MNR),the mitotic index(MI) and the chromosome aberration rate(CAR) of Vicia faba root tip cells were observed by micronucleus assay and chromosome aberration assay.Results Compared with control group,treatments of 50,100 ?g/ml SalA,50 ?g/ml SalB,100,500 ?g/ml CA significantly increased MI(P

Synthetic agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors-?(PPAR?) have an important role in the preclinical models of metabolic diseases.In the recent years,it has been demonstrated that PPAR? agonists can normalize blood lipids and reduce insulin resistance and adiposity in rodents and primates.PPAR? activation in the skeletal muscle regulates the oxidative capacity of the mitochondrial apparatus,switches fuel preference from glucose to fatty acids and reduces triacylglycerol storage.PPAR? agonists also reduce insulin levels in serum,increase the sensitivity of insulin and improve glucose-tolerance.The genetic polymorphism in PPAR? has been shown to be associated with blood lipids,obesity and type 2 diabetes.

Paraneoplastic pemphigus (PNP) is an autoimmune mucocutaneous disease first named by Anhalt, et al. in 1990. The disease is characterized by such distinctive clinical symptoms and signs as severe, painful mucosal erosions, polymorphous skin lesions, histopathology hallmarks, and immunological findings. The situation typically presents in patients with lymphoproliferative diseases and primarily malignancies. A main challenge of the study is the relationship between the existence of associated tumors and the autoimmune reaction to the skin. Some researchers suspected that the possible expression of foreign antigens on the tumor can cross react with epidermal antigens inducing the auto-reactive clones of T-lymphocytes. Some speculated that the type of tumors associated with PNP may produce plakin proteins that result in initiation of the immune response. Other reports believed the autoimmune reaction is related to the epitope spreading or to the changing of cytokines. We analyzed 12 PNP patients diagnosed in our department in the past few years. An intensive study to the B cells in the PNP associated with tumors demonstrated that the tumors have structural basis to produce antibody. The similar immunoglobulin heavy chain genes of tumor B-cells in 7 patients strongly suggested that the B cell clones were functional and recognized the same antigen epitope. The autoantibodies secreted by the tumor can react against specific plakin proteins in epidermis, lead to the impairment of cell-cell adhesion, and cause the mucocutanous lesions. The clinical significance of the results indicates the importances of early finding and total resection of the associated tumors, and the usage of IVIG pre or during operation to prevent Bronchitis Obliterans. The new finding is also important for the study of other antibody mediated autoimmune diseases.

Endometrial Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary ; Female ; Humans ; Mesentery ; Middle Aged ; Neprilysin ; metabolism ; Peritoneal Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Sarcoma, Endometrial Stromal ; metabolism ; pathology ; secondary

Objective To evaluate the energy metabolism of normal muscle in different age group.Methods Noninvasive 31P-MRS was acquired from quadriceps muscles in healthy people including 10 adults and 6 juvenile.Peak areas were standardized for longitudinal saturation and coil inhomogeneity.The concentration of phosphomonoesterase(PME),inorganic phosphate(Pi),phosphodiesterase(PDE),phosphocreatine(CrP)and adenosine triphosphate(ATP)was determined from spectra.Concentrations of adenosine diphosphate(ADP)and phosphorylation potential(PP)were calculated from the biochemistry reaction equilibrium.Enzymatically active magnesium ATP complex Mg-ATP and pH value were determined from relative chemical shift.Results Normal muscle had prominent high energy phosphate peaks,the mean concentration of CP and ATP was 24.76 and 18.38 mmol/kg in adults,25.52 and 21.36 mmol/kg in young subject.In comparison with adult group,young subjects had lower PDE and higher ATP values.pH value,magnesium ATP and total magnesium were higher in young subjects too.Pi,CP,ADP,PP,free Mg2+ and free ATP concentration were similar in both group.Conclusion High energy compounds were slightly higher in juvenile subjects.31P-MRS is a noninvasive technique to evaluate energy metabolism in different age group.

?AlM: To evaluate the expressions and significances of endoplasmic reticulum stress related protein ( BlP ) , hypoxia-inducible factor-1α ( HlF-1α) and vascular endothelial growth factor ( VEGF) in the retina of diabetic rats.
?METHODS:Seventy-two male Sprague-Dawley ( SD) rats were chosen and divided randomly into 6 groups:normal control 2mo (C2m, n = 12), diabetes mellitus 2mo (D2m, n=12), normal control 4mo (C4m, n=12), diabetes mellitus 4mo (D4m, n = 12), normal control 6mo (C6m, n=12) and diabetes mellitus 6mo (D6m, n=12 ) . The diabetes mellitus mouse were induced by intraperitoneal injection of 0. 1mol/L streptozotocin (STZ, 65mg/kg). The expression of BlP, HlF-1α and VEGF in the retina were detected by enzyme- linked immuno sorbent assay. The location of BlP, HlF-1α and VEGF in epiretinal membranes were investigated by immunohistochemistry staining.
?RESULTS: BlP were significantly increase than control groups in all DM groups with the course of diabetes ( P<0. 01). HlF-1α were detected higher than control groups in all DM groups (P< 0. 05), but there was no statistical significance among treatment groups. VEGF in D4m and D6m groups were higher than control groups (P<0. 05), and there was statistical significance between D4m and D6m groups. BlP can be detected in control groups a little, mainly in the inner limiting membrane and ganglion cell layers. HlF - 1α cannot be detected in control groups, meanwhile it can be detected in all layers in DM. VEGF can be detected in control groups a little, it mainly be detected in inner nuclear layer, outer nuclear layer, around retinal vessel and ganglion cell layers in DM groups.
?CONCLUSlON:The expressions of BlP, HlF-1α and VEGF increase in the retina of diabetic rats than control groups with progressive of diabetes mellitus, both endoplasmic reticulum stress and HlF-1α signal path play important role in the progress of diabetic retinopathy.

The deficiency theories of dyslexia are quite contradictory and the cross-cultural studies in recent years mainly focused on whether the dyslexics among cultures shared the same cognitive profile or just based on the language. This study used Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (NIRS) imaging to measure the regional cerebral blood volume (BV) and the changes of cerebral activation in the left prefrontal cortex of 12 Chinese dyslexic children and their 12 age-matched normal controls during the Paced Visual Serial Addition Test (PVSAT). Results showed that the scores of PVSAT of dyslexic children were significantly lower than those of the normal children (t=3.33, P<0.01). The activations of the left prefrontal cortex in the normal group were significantly greater than those of dyslexic children (all P<0.01). Our results indicated that Chinese dyslexia had a general deficiency in working memory and this may be caused by the abnormal metabolic activity of brain blood volume in the left prefrontal cortex and the deficits in brain function might be the basis of neuropathology of Chinese dyslexia. Present study supports the difference on brain activation of dyslexics from different languages may be caused by the same cognitive system related to reading.

Objective To investigate the role of serotonin transporter (SERT) in pathogenesis of abdominal pain in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Methods Neonatal SD rats were divided into control group and IBS abdominal pain model group which was established by colorectal distension.The colon, nucleus raphes dorsalis (NRD) and prefrontal cortex (FC) tissues were harvested when all rats grew into adults. Expressions of SERT and 5-HT were determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Results The expression of SERT mRNA in colon, NRD and FC tissues in model and control group were 13.95±2.05 vs 8.65±1.33, 52.69±22.59 vs 13.82±5.71 and0.48±0.17 vs 0.17±0.14, respectively, with significant differences (all P values ＜0.05). The protein expression of SERT in colon and NRD,but not FC tissues,decreased in model group compared with control group (13.19±3.82 vs 21.35±4.49,2.47±0.44 vs 4.55±0.92, respectively, P＜0.05).Meanwhile, in comparison with control group, the expression of 5-HT in colon was significantly increased in model group (5.56±0.48 vs 2.68±0.22), but decreased in NRD and FC tissues (3.75±0.43 vs 7.46±0.72, 5.07 ± 0.80 vs 7.97 ±1.10, respectively, P＜0.05). Conclusions Low expression of SERT in brain and colon may attribute to the pathogenesis of abdominal pain in IBS.

Adolescent ; Electrocardiography ; Female ; Humans ; Myocarditis ; complications ; physiopathology ; Tachycardia, Ventricular ; etiology ; physiopathology

Eukaryotic elongation factor 2 kinase (eEF2K) is well known as a Ca2+/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent kinase. eEF2K catalyzes the phosphorylation of eEF2 and subsequently inactivates eEF2 by impairing its ability to bind to the ribosome, thereby negatively modulates protein synthesis. The high expression of eEF2K has been found recently in several types of malignancies. As participating in the progress of tumor, eEF2K emerges a potential target for future cancer therapy. The relationship between eEF2K and tumor, and the latest progress of eEF2K inhibitors were summarized in this article.
Elongation Factor 2 Kinase ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Neoplasms ; metabolism ; Peptide Elongation Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Phosphorylation