AIM To investgate the changes in the expression of CREB and p-CREB in the cortex of ethanol dependent rats. On other hand, the effects of fluoxetine on these changes were also studied. METHODS Ethanol was administered in drinking water at the concentration of 6% V/V, for 28 d. The expression of CREB and p-CREB in the rat cortex were measured by immunohistochemistry methods. RESULTS It was found that chronic ethanol treatment and its withdrawal did not modify the expression of CREB in the rat cortex. However, the levels of p-CREB in the frontal and piriform cortex of rats were significantly decreased during ethanol withdrawal, and respectively decreased 57.28%?55.84% compared to control rats at 24 h after ethanol withdrawal. When fluoxetine (ip, 10 mg?kg -1) were administried concurrently with ethanol, it can significantly dampen alcohol withdrawal symptoms and antagonize the down-regulation of the phosphorylation of CREB in the frontal and piriform cortex of rats at 24 h after ethanol withdrawal, the expression of p-CREB protein respectively increased 292 58%,128 44% compared with rats intaking ethanol. CONCLUSION CREB may be one of the substance of the signal transduction process for ethanol dependence. Fluoxetine can reverse the decreased p-CREB levels in rat cortex induced by ethanol withdrawal, which may be the part reason of fluoxetine dampening alcohol withdrawal symptoms.

To assess the efficiency and reliability safety of ganciclovir to herpes simplex virus keratitis.
●METHODS: All of the randomized controlled trials for the study of ganciclovir versus acyclovir in the treatment of herpes simplex virus keratitis were collected from Cochrane Library, EMbase, PubMed, Chinese Bio -medicine Database, China Journal Full-text Database, VlP Database and WanFang Database. Then the data were extracted and evaluated by two reviewers independently. Risk of bias assessment was evaluated by a tool recommended by Cochrane Library. Revman 5. 0 software was used for statistical analysis.
●RESULTS: Finally, 14 randomized controlled trials were included, 4820 patients totally. Subgroups were used according to the number of patients and diseased eyes as well as the difference of follow-up time. For and relapse rate, ganciclovir group was overmatch acyclovir group. There were statistical differences between the two groups [RR= 1. 22, 95%CI (1. 10-1. 36); OR = 4. 50, 95% CI (2. 02-10. 04); RR = 0. 23, 95% CI (0. 10-0. 52)]. Compared with acyclovir, ganciclovir had less side - effect. There were statistical differences between the two groups [RR = 0. 12, 95%CI (0. 03 - 0. 46)]. All of the side effects of the two groups can be relieved by themselves.
● CONCLUSlON: Current evidence suggests that the ganciclovir is more efficient and safe than acyclovir in the treatment of herpes simplex virus keratitis.

The accommodative function before and after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) was observed, and the effect of LASIk on accommodation was investigated. In a prospective clinical trial, 48 myopic patients (96 eyes) subject to bilateral LASIK in Refractive Surgery Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (China) from March 2006 to June 2006 were selected and studied. Refractions, accommodative range, amplitude of accommodative response and high frequency component (HFC) of accommodative microfluctuations were measured with NEDIK-730A before and one week and 30 days after operation. Dominant and non-dominant eyes were determined by hole-in-card method. It was found that all of the operative eyes showed an uncorrected visual acuity of 0.8 or better one week postoperatively, and 1.0 or better 30 days postoperatively. Compared with those preoperatively, accommodative range and HFC had no significant difference at first week and 30th day after operation in both dominant eyes and non-dominant eyes (P>0.05), but there was a significant difference in the amplitude of accommodative response/accommodative stimulus ratio (A/S) after operation (P<0.01), and no significant difference was found in accommodation between one week and 30 days postoperation. No ocular dominance's change was noted. There was no significant difference in accommodative function between dominant eyes and non-dominant eyes. It was suggested that LASIK produced no significant effect on accommodation.
Accommodation, Ocular/*physiology ; Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ/*adverse effects ; Myopia/*physiopathology ; Myopia/*surgery ; Postoperative Period ; Prospective Studies ; Young Adult

Objective To establish a RP-HPLC method for the determination of encapsulation efficiency (EE) and medicine loading (ML) in β-elemene-loaded Nano Polymeric Micelles; To study its release characteristic in vitro. Methods DSPE-PEG2000 was used as carrier to prepare medicine-loaded micelles. EE and ML were determined by petroleum ether extraction method, and its release characteristic in vitro was studied by dialysis method. Results The average EE and ML ofβ-elemene-loaded Nano Polymeric Micelles were 89.47%and 8.33%, respectively. Its release characteristic was slow. Conclusion The method for EE and ML determination is simple and accurate, and the prepared micelles have the property of sustained release.

Objective To observe the effects of sodium arsenite (NaAsO2) on apoptosis in primary cultured rat cerebellar granule cell and nerve globin mRNA expression.Methods Twenty 7-8 days postnatal Wistar rats were selected and decapitated cerebellar cortex, granular cell suspension was prepared and 4 × 109/m2 cells were seeded in the culture flask.Cells were exposed to different concentrations NaAsO2 [0 (control), 2, 5 and 10 μmol/L] for 24 h and intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) content and apoptosis were determined by laser confocal,while real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect mRNA expression in cultured cells after 24 and 48 h cell culture.Results Fluorescence intensity of ROS of 0, 2, 5, 10 μmol/L fluoride groups were 421.32 ± 53.52,1 082.09 ± 321.58, 2 223.02 ± 1 011.37 and 1 366.87 ± 102.14, the difference was statistically significant (F =5.873,P ＜ 0.05);Apoptosis rates were (8.91 ± 5.63)％, (26.46 ± 1.77)％, (43.65 ± 14.45)％ and (56.04 ± 6.95)％, the difference was statistically significant (F =18.369, P ＜ 0.05);24 h nerve globin mRNA expression were 1.00 ± 0.06,0.77 ± 0.22, 0.43 ± 0.18 and 0.42 ± 0.14, the difference was statistically significant (F =18.235, P ＜ 0.05);48 h nerve globin mRNA expression were 1.00 ± 0.01, 0.89 ± 0.09, 0.60 ± 0.16 and 0.08 ± 0.02, the difference was statistically significant (F =80.843, P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion With increased NaAsO2 concentration, ROS and apoptosis levels are increased, while nerve globin mRNA expression is significantly reduced, suggesting that after the body is stimulated, protective proteins might be consumed, further suggesting nerve globin expression might be involved in nerve damage caused by arsenic.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy ofXing Nao Kai Qiao (brain awakening and orifice opening) Needling plus mountain-burning fire manipulation in treating post-stroke limb numbness.Method Eighty patients with post-stroke limb numbness were randomized into a treatment group and a control group, 40 cases in each group. The treatment group was intervened byXing Nao Kai Qiao needling plus mountain-burning fire manipulation, while the control group was byXing Nao Kai Qiao needling alone. The sensory function and motor function (Fugl-Meyer Assessment, FMA), National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS), and Barthel Index (BI) were observed before and after intervention.Result The component scores of FMA (motor function, sensory function, range of motion, and joint pain intensity), NIHSS scores, and BI scores were significantly changed respectively after 1 and 2 treatment courses in both groups (P<0.05). The component scores of FMA, NIHSS scores, and BI scores after 2 treatment course were significantly different from that after 1 treatment course in both groups (P<0.05). After 2 treatment courses, the sensory function score, joint pain intensity in the treatment group were significantly different from that in the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionXing Nao Kai Qiaoneedling plus mountain-burning fire manipulation is an effective method in treating post-stroke limb numbness.

Child, Preschool ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Male ; Myositis Ossificans ; diagnosis ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Prognosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Twenty-six total intravenous anesthesia was performed in 23 ASAⅡorⅢpatients with various advanced malignancies undergoing whole body hyperthermia (WBH). Their age ranged from 32 to 67 yrs and body weight between 42 and 77 kg. The patients had no hypertension, coronary artery disease or diabetes mellitus. Anesthesia was induced with midazolam 5-10 mg, fentanyl 0.1 mg, propofol 1.5-2.5 mg?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.12 mg?kg-1 and maintained withⅣinfusion of midazolam (0.08-0.16 mg?kg-1?h-1), remifentanil (0.05-0.15?g?kg-1?h-1) and vecuronium (0.08-0.15 mg?kg-1?h-1). The patients were mechanically ventilated (VT = 8-12 ml?kg-1, RR= 10-18 bpm, FiO2 = 1.0) after tracheal intubation. PETCO2 was maintained at 35 mm Hg. ECG, MAP, HR, CVP, SpO2 , PETCO2 , peak airway pressure, VT, RR, minute ventilation (MV), urine output, core temperature (lower esophageal and naso-pharyngeal) and surface temperature were continuously monitored. Swan-Ganz catheter was placed in 15 patients. MPAP, PCWP and cardiac output (CO) were measured and Qs/Qt, cardiac index (CI) and stroke index (SI) were calculated. WBH was induced in an ultra-red radiation hyperthermic cabin (type ET-SpaceTM-1) and was divided into 3 phases:Ⅰwarming phase (lower esophageal temperature increased gradually to 41.8℃) ;Ⅱhyperthermic phase (lower esophageal temperature was maintained at 41.8℃for 1 h) andⅢcooling phase (core temperature was gradually decreased to 38.5℃without any cooling measures). Blood samples were taken from artery and Swan-Ganz catheter 15 min after induction of anesthesia (baseline), at 39℃, 40℃, 41℃and 41.8℃during warming phase, at the late hyperthermic phase and at 40℃and 38.5℃during cooling phase for blood gas analysis, determination of blood electrolytes and sugar. As the temperature was increasing, HR, CI, SI, CVP, MPAP, PCWP, Qs/Qt and peak airway pressure were gradually increased while MAP, PaO2 , pHa, BE and blood glucose and K+ were decreasing during warming phase (Ⅰ). These changes reached the peak levels at the late period of hyperthermic phase (Ⅱ) and then gradually returned to baseline during cooling phase (Ⅲ) . Vasoactive drugs and fluid infusion including crystalloid and colloid were needed to maintain hemodynamic stability in 69% patients. Acidosis had to be corrected in 54% patients. Severe hypotension and pulmonary edema occurred in 4 patients. Continuous hemodynamic monitoring, respiratory support, maintenance of circulatory stability and correction of acidosis and hypokalemia were the key factors in the management of patients during WBH.

Asaprimarilyused plasticizerin polyvinyl chloride,d(i2-ethylhexy)lphthalate(DEHP)is extensively used in consumer products,flooring and wall coverings,food contact applications,and medical devices.Because DEHP has been detected in waters,soils and air,and its metabolites have also been detected in human urinary,sufficient evidences show that DEHP is ubiquitous in the environment worldwide.DEHP is already in the blacklist of priority pollutants in water in China.Many researches indicate that DEHP is one kind of endocrine disrupting chemicals in animals,with carcinogenicity,teratogenicity and mutagenicity.Based on the researches and review on DEHP,this paper principally discussed the environmental level,metabolism and biological markers of DEHP,as well as the research progress on human health effects.

Objective To observe the stressor characteristic of patients with maintained hemodialy-sis (MHD). Methods The Chinese version of bemodialysis stressor seale(HSS) was adopted among 436 bemodialysis participants and the results underwent analysis. Results Among 436 patients psychological stressors> physiological stressers > social stressors, the most severe stressors included the requirement of long-term dialysis, the rest showed sequence from high to low: medical cost, concerning about the future,changes in family responsibility and decrease in sexuality. The slightest stressors included decreased ability to procreate, being limited in some styles of clothing, arterial and venous stick, reversal in family role with the children and changes in body appearance. Significant differences existed in patients with different age,gender, education background, working status and economic status, it manifested as follows: the more elder-ly, the more severity of stress, male patients had more severe stress than the female, patients with higher e-ducation background showed lower stress level, patients who kept working had lower level of stress, pa-tients who had better economic status showed lower stress level. Conclusions MHD patients often expe-rience high stress levels. Some measures should be taken to help MHD patients to cope better with stress.