Objective To analyze the factors related to glare occurred after the phakic intraocular lens (P-IOL) implantation,and to raise the standard for the P-IOL selection.Design Retrospective case series.Participants 104 patients with high myopia underwent P-IOL implantation in Beijing Tongren Hospital.Methods In 104 cases,22 cases (22 eyes) were implanted angle supported Phakic6 designed accord with corneal symmetry,54 cases (54 eyes) were implanted iris fixed Verisyse,and 28 cases (28 eyes) were implanted posterior chamber PRL.Selection of the diameter of P-IOL optics depended on P-IOL diopters.The pupil diameter,the P-IOL optic center position,the pupil and corneal center position were measured with anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT).The contrast sensitivity (CS) under different condition (day,day and glare,night,night and glare) and in different space frequency (1.5,3,6, 12,18c/d)were examined with Optec6500 system.Main Outcome Measures Glare incidence,CS,and the influence of pupil diameter and P-IOL location to glare.Results None of the 104 P-IOL eyes occurred glare in day time.59 eyes (56.73%) complained of glare in dime condition.The glare incidence was 63.18% (14/22) in Phakic6 eyes,55.56% (30/54) in Verisyse eyes,and 53.27% (15/28) in PRL eyes (P=0.691).CS of all surgical eyes were improved in day time with or without glare luminous environment (P=0.000).And the CS of halo-complaining eyes was lower than of no halo eyes in night time with or without glare luminous environment (P=0.000).Glare oc- curred more frequently in eyes with the pupil diameter larger than P-IOL diameter in clime condition after surgery (10 in Phakic6 eyes, 20 in Verisyse eyes,12 in PRL eyes,all P

[Objective]Through the clinical investigation of the conversative treatment of undisplaced femoral necks,to analyze the occurrence of secondary displacement and femoral head necrosis.[Method]The medical records of 216 patients with undisplaced femoral neck fractures who were primarily treated conservatively from January,2000 to January,2004 were analyzed.Among that,186 cases is in accordance with the selected standard,which were consisted of 82 men and 104 women.(the average age 67.5).One hundred and forty-one fractures were given to bed rest in rotation-proof shoes,and walking on the crutches was followed after four weeks.Forty-five patients began to get out of bed with double crutches on the third day.When displacement happened,the operation was carried out.Once X-rays showed the fracture line unclearly,it is considered as bone healing.The early stage of femoral head necrosis was defined by sclerotic region or cyst in the femoral head.[Result]Sixty-eight fractures(36.6%) united and secondary considered displacement occurred in 118 cases(63.4%); the average time was 16 days (2～68 d) after injury when the displacement is found.In all primary healing patients,femoral head necrosis rate was 25%.The discovery time of necrosis was between 4 and 18 months,the most was 36 cases in the interval of 6 to 12 months.As for patients of secondary displacement,92 for closed reduction and hollow screws fixation,and the head necrosis happened in 55 patients(59.8%).The discovery time was from 4 to 18 months,the most in 6 to 12 months was 36 cases.The operation of open reduction and internal fixation with hollow screws was in 26 cases,73% of necrosis rate for it.The time was range from 3 to 12 months,11 case was the most in the period of 3 to 6 months.[Conclusion]Undispalced femoral neck fractures treated conservatively bear higher risk of secondary displacement and femoral head necrosis.In addition with more mortality and general complications,we therefore recommend primary operative stabilization of undisplaced femoral neck fractures.

China ; Environmental Monitoring ; legislation & jurisprudence ; Environmental Pollutants ; Organic Chemicals

Objective To investigate the characteristic of intravascular catheter-related infections (CRI) in Peking University Third Hospital in 2009. Methods The clinical and microbiological features of CRI were analyzed retrospectively. Results Two hundred and nineteen catheters were examined. Twenty-nine CRI cases were confirmed with colonization, 7 were insertion site infection and 6 were catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI) by quantitative catheter culture method, but no CRBSI was diagnosed by differential time to positivity (DTTP) method. The incidence rates of CRBSI in intensive care units (ICU) were 0. 99- 3.03 per 1000 catheter-days.Among the colonized strains, 51.72 % were Gram-positive cocci, 20.69 % were non-fermenting bacilli (NFB), 13. 79% were Enterobacteriaceae and 10. 34% were Candida. One neonatal CRBSI was caused by Leuconostoc mesenteroides. Most of bacterial isolates were drug resistant. Seventy-seven percent of adult patients were older than 60 years and most of them had chronic underlying diseases.All of the 9 neonate patients were preterm neonate and 7 of them were extremely low birth weight infants. Conclusion There is a certain amount of CRI occurred in Peking University Third Hospital in 2009 and the intravascular catheter management should be enhanced.

Objective: To observe the clinical effects of tuina therapy for cervicogenic headache. Methods: Fifty-four cases were randomized allocated into tuina group and medicine group, 27 cases in each group. The patients in the tuina group treated with tuina therapy, and the patients in the medicine group take ibuprofen orally. The headache degree (Visual Analogue Scale, VAS), frequency of headache occurrence and the neck disability index (NDI) were compared 2 weeks pre-treatment and 2 weeks post-treatment. Results: Before treatment, there were no significant differences in the headache VAS, frequency and NDI between the two groups. After treatment, headache VAS, frequency and NDI were significantly decreased, and there were statistical differences between the tuina group and the medicine group (P<0.01). Conclusion: Tuina therapy is more effective for treating cervicogenic headache than routine dose of ibuprofen.

Objective To investigate the effect of matrix metalloproteinase(MMP-2) in the attack of exprimental autoimmune myositis(EAM) rats, and the effects of methylprednisolone on expressions of gene mRNA and protein of MMP-2. Methods The expression levels of MMP-2 in the peripheral blood, spleen lymphocytes and muscles were detected by using RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry techniques and was compared among EAM group,EAM with methylprednisolone treatment group (EAMM) and control group. Results ⑴ The degree of episode in EAMM group was lower than that of EAM group , and the infiltration of the inflammatory cells and the necrosis of the muscles were also mild in EAMM group. ⑵There was significant upregulation of the expression of the MMP-2 gene mRNA in the lymphocytes of peripheral bood and spleen of EAM rats as compared with that of the control,Elevation of the expression of MMP-2 protein in rats muscles tissues of EAMM group was observed obviously. However, the expression of the mRNA and the protein of MMP-2 was suppressed significantly in EAM group compared with control group. Conclusions The upregulation of the expression of MMP-2 may be correlated with the onset of EAM. Methylprednisolone may relieve the degree of the pathology of EAM by the downregulation of MMP-2 .

Objective To review the study of noninvasive imaging methods for evaluating liver fibrosis.Meth- ods The current literatures on the use of the ultrasonography,CT and MRI for the evaluation of liver fibrosis were reviewed.The principles,applications and advancement of each imaging methods were described and summarized re- spectively.The features of the newly developed imaging techniques were also discussed.Results In addition to the morphologic information,the imaging examinations can also provide functional information about the circulation sta- tus,diffusion and metabolism features of liver.The potential diagnostic value of MR elastography for liver fibrosis has been addressed.Conclusion The imaging examinations,especially the functional MRI techniques,are reliable noninvasive alternatives for the evaluation of hepatic fibrosis,with bright potentiality for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the role and its mechanisms of tea polyphenols (TP) in the prevention of diabetic renal fibrosis.Methods Mouse model of diabetes mellitus was induced by high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (STZ,50 mg/kg).Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to determine the transcription and expression of genes related to the renal fibrosis.Results Diabetic mouse model was successfully established by injection of high-fat diet plus STZ.The transcription of E-cadherin was decreased and transcriptions of genes related to the renal fibrosis such as transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1),vimentin,α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA),fibronectin,collagen Ⅰ,and collagen Ⅳ were increased in the renal tissues of diabetic mice,which indicated the diabetic nephropathy with renal fibrosis in diabetic mice.Treatment of diabetic mice with TP for 8 weeks could reverse the process of diabetic nephropathy with renal fibrosis in accompanied with the increase of E-cadherin transcription and decrease of TGF-β1-targeted genes such as vimentin,α-SMA,fibronectin,collagen Ⅰ,and collagen Ⅳ in the renal tissues of diabetic mice.Moreover,incubation of normal rat kidney proximal tubular epithelial cell line (NRK-52E) cells with TGF-β1 could also induce the changes in fibrotic morphological and transcription or expression of fibrosis related genes,and all effects of TGF-β1 could be inhibited by TP treatment in NRK-52E cells.Conclusions These results indicate that chronic treatment with TP may relieve renal fibrosis of diabetic nephropathy through the inhibition of TGF-β signaling pathway and provide important experimental data for the prevention and treatment of diabetic nephropathy.

Objective To study the molecular mechanism of the remission in children with acute lymphocyte leukemia(ALL),as well as the expression of thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 3(TRIP3) gene in children with ALL and explore the relationship between TRIP3 and ALL.Methods Fasting venous blood 2-4 mL was collected,anticoagulanted with ethylenediamine tetraacetic acid(EDTA),then perpheral blood mononuclear cells was collected by Ficoll density gradient centrifugation,total RNA was extracted by Trizol one step method.Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) was used to detect TRIP3 expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes in 73 ALL children of different stages and 20 normal children.The relationship between TRIR3 expression in children and ALL release was analyzed.Results 1.Expression of TRIP3 was significantly lower both after initial treatment and during recrudescence than that in normal children(Pa0.05).3.In children with ALL after initial treatment,the remission rate was significantly higher in TRIP3 positive patients than in TRIP3 negative ones(remission rate discern 25.0% vs 84.2%,P

OBJECTIVE:To reduce the disputes between pharmacists and patients and to provide references for the improvement of relationships between pharmacists and patients. METHODS: The characteristics of emergency dispensary work and the reasons that accountable for the disputes between pharmacists and patients in the emergency dispensary were analyzed, and aimed at which, some countermeasures were put forward. RESULTS & CONCLUSION: Pharmacists should change their thoughts and attach importance to the cultivation of their language arts so as to improve their capability of dealing with the disputes between pharmacists and patients.