Objective To investigate the clinical application of 3.0 T mobile iMRI and neuronavigation in the microsurgical operation for the high grade gliomas in brain functional area.Methods The clinical data of 47 cases which were operated from April,2012 to August,2014 assisted by intraoperative magnetic resonance and neruonavigation system were analyzed retrospectively,including 19 cases of near the frontal motor areas,21 cases of closed to the dominant hemisphere language areas,and 7 cases of involved multiple lobes of the brain.The operative plans were made before the operative day using 3.0 T iMRI for T1-MPRAGE plain and enhancement magnetic resonance imaging sequence,diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) sequence and blood oxygenation level dependent functional MRI (BOLD-fMRI) sequence scanning.Before the start of operation,the margin of the tumor was marked on the scalp,and removed the tumor under the microscopy,according to the need 1-4 iMRI plain scan and enhanced scan were applied to reconstruct the real-time imaging of the residual tumors and corticospinal tract,and gained once more chances to remove the tumor repeatedly,until the tumor was removed totally,accurately and safely.Results The total resection rate increased from 63.8％ (30/47) to 95.7％ (45/47) by repeated resection,and 2 cases (4.3％ lesions) with subtotal resection.The dysfunction of motion and the language barrier got worse in 4 patients (8.5％).No cases with sever complication such as death and severe disability after operation.There were no intracranial hemorrhage,infection and other adverse events.Patients were followed up with nervous system symptoms and head MRI,the follow-up period was 3 months-2 years.Twenty-eight cases (59.6％) ob-tained good clinical efficacy;the dysfunction of motion and the language barrier got worse in 4 cases (8.5％);the symptoms and tumors recurrenced in 15 cases (31.9％).Conclusion The 3.0 T mobile iMRI system combined with functional neuronavigation can accurately display the relationships among the motor and language cortex,tumors and white matter fiber bundles real-timely.The extent of the tumor resection can be assessed accurately by real-time images provided by iMRI,and the residual tumor have chames to be resected repeatedly,until the tumors were resected totally before operation finished.The iMRI system can correct intraoperative brain shift timely.The total resection rate can be improved safely and accurately by one or more times resection.

Syndromes constitute a core aspect in the study of Chinese medicine, and research on the concept of syndromes is important to the study of the process of modernization of traditional Chinese medicine. However, it is somewhat challenging to define a syndrome due to the complexity inherent in the subject, even with the assistance of the reductionism approach of modern medicine. Holistic and dynamic in nature and attaching much importance to functional changes, the newly emerging metabonomics is in many ways inline with the concepts of syndrome differentiation of pathological states in traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, metabonomics has comparatively strong advantages in the very respect of revealing the natural laws of syndrome differentiation. By reviewing and analyzing the current research on the concept of syndromes and the application of metabonomic technology to exploring the essential core of syndrome differentiation, the authors illustrated the potential commonalities. This would also show the issues requiring attention between the study of syndromes and the metabonomic technology. In the meantime this study reflected the core problems in detail and put forward suggestions with regard to reaching solutions.

Objective　To explore the development of endogenous CO and its mechanisms in asthma.Methods　50 guinea pigs were equally separated 5 groups.After the models of asthmatic guinea pigs were established in 4 groups,3 groups of them were treated with dexamethasone,the specific stimulator(hemin)and inhibitor(Sn-PP)of HO-1 respectively.The rest of groups were asthmatic one and normal control one(NCG).From all tested animals,the COHb in blood and lung HO-1 activity were examined,the lung tissues were pathologically observed and immunohistochemically stained.Results　In asthmatic and hemin stimulated groups,the levels of COHb with enhanced expression of lung HO-1 and their activity were significantly increased compared with NCG(t=4.43～9.97,P＜0.01).For example,the lung HO-1 activities in asthmatic group were (881±361)pmol/(mg*pro*h),COHb (4.94±2.15)% respectively.In dexamethason prevented and Sn-PP inhibited groups,however,all determined levels were markedly reduced compared with asthmatic group(P＜0.01).Conclusion　The increased HO-1 had resulted in the growth of endogenous CO in asthma.

Child ; China ; Humans ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective:To study the effect of ulinastatin combined with early enteral nutrition on severe acute pancreatitis and its effect on nuclear factor-κB(NF-κB) and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4).Methods:Ninety severe acute pancreatitis patients who were treated in Central Hospital of Lijin County from January 2016 to January 2020 were selected and were divided into U+EEN group (ulinastatin combined with early enteral nutrition therapy) and EEN group (early enteral nutrition therapy) by random number table method, with 45 patients in each group. Curative effect, complications, nutritional indicators, immunoglobulins and inflammatory factors were detected and compared with analysis of variance. Western blot was used to detect the expression of NF-κB and TLR4 in pancreatic tissue in two groups.Results:The hospitalization time, ICU admission time, intestinal ventilation time, hospitalization costs and organ failure rate, pancreatic cysts, diabetes, chronic pancreatitis, incidence of sepsis in U + EEN group were lower than those in EEN group: (2.1 ± 0.4) months vs. (2.4 ± 0.6) months, (16.9 ± 2.1) d vs. (21.7 ± 2.8) d, (23.7 ± 3.8) d vs. (27.4 ± 4.1) d, (11.4 ± 1.5) thousand Yuan vs. (14.1 ± 2.1) thousand Yuan and 8.9%(4/45) vs. 20.0%(9/45), 13.3%(6/45) vs. 28.9%(13/45), 11.1%(5/45) vs. 24.4%(11/45), 8.9%(4/45) vs. 26.7%(12/45), 6.7%(3/45) vs. 22.2%(10/45), and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The levels of prealbumin (PA), albumin (ALB) and total protein (TP) after treatment in U + EEN group were higher than those in EEN group: (107.4 ± 6.5) mg/L vs. (102.8 ± 4.7) mg/L, (46.1 ± 3.5) g/L vs. (43.4 ± 2.8) g/L, (55.9 ± 3.4) g/L vs. (53.7 ± 3.1) g/L, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The levels of IgG, IgA, IgM after treatment in U+EEN group were higher than those in EEN group: (10.5 ± 1.6) g/L vs. (9.5 ± 1.3) g/L, (8.9 ± 1.4) mg/L vs. (8.3 ± 1.2) mg/L, (60.5 ± 3.6) mg/L vs. (55.9 ± 3.4) mg/L, the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 in U+EEN group were lower than those in EEN group: (25.1 ± 2.9) mg/L vs. (30.6 ± 4.1) mg/L, (20.1 ± 1.9) mg/L vs. (24.6 ± 1.5) mg/L, (17.8 ± 1.9) mg/L vs. (20.1 ± 2.3) mg/L, and the differences were statistically significant ( P<0.05). The expressions of NF-κB and TLR4 protein in pancreatic tissue of patients in U + EEN group were significantly lower than those in EEN group (0.3 ± 0.2 vs. 0.5 ± 0.2, 0.2 ± 0.1 vs. 0.5 ± 0.1, P<0.05). Conclusions:Ulinastatin combined with early enteral nutrition can significantly improve the nutritional status and immune function and improve the prognosis of patients with severe acute pancreatitis, which may be related to ulinastatin′s reduction effect of NF-κB and TLR4′s expressions.

In order to observe the effects of the supernatant of WEHI-3 cell culture which contains IL-3 (interleukin 3), we have Performed some experiments by adding WEHI-3 supernatant to murine bone marrow cells culture. Cell culture of six days shows that the supernatant of WEHI-3 can promote adherence and proliferation of the stromal cells. There are 1.334?10~6 stromal cells/L in the culture which contained 20% WEHI-3 supernatant. Four kinds of stromal cells can be identified under both light microscope and SEM. Fibroblast-like cells which tend to be spindle-shaped with many filament-like and microvilli-like dendrites on the cell surface; Riticular-like cells which are irregular with some folds on the dendrites surface occasionally; Macrophage-like cells which are round with many phagocytic granules in the cytoplasm, and are characterized by positive ANAE staining, and many lamina-like folds and long filament-like dendrites on the cell sufrace; Fat cells are few in number, the cell body is ovoid with lipid droplet, and show strong cytoplasmic staining for Sudan black B, the cell surface is smooth. At the same time we have also observed the close contact between the hematopoietic cells and the stromal cells. In the culture without WEHI-3 supernatant, we have found few small adhered cells with less cytoplasm and weak enzyme activaties under light microscope, and with atrophied cell body and flat surface under SEM. The cell count of the stromal cells in normal culture is 58.83/mm~2. The results showed that WEHI-3 supernatant can promote the growth and proliferation of the stromal cells of murine bone marrow with some histochemical changes.

Objective To make clinical doctors better understanding of anaplastic large cell lymphoma(ALCL) and reduce the misdiagnosis of ALCL at an earlier stage.Methods Retrospective analysis of clinical features in 31 children with ALCL from Sep.2002 to Jan.2008,who had been misdiagnosed as other diseases at first and latterly been confirmed as ALCL by pathological study.The reasons for mis-diagnosis and the symptoms of the disease were analyzed and reviewed.Results ALCL clinical misdiagnosis rate reached to 91.2%.The reasons for misdiagnosis were:1.The fact that extra-nodal involvement present in earlier stage,which caused ALCL to have diversified clinical symptoms,and the initial symptoms were diverse.2.ALCL cells produce multiple cytokines such as IL-6,IL-9,IL-4,and others.They might make patients have symptoms like inflammation.3.The morphology of ALCL was quite variable.4.The clinical doctors and pathologists did not have frofound understandings of ALCL.5.Inapropriate usage of steroid before diagnosis was mode.Conclusions Clinical doctors should be aware of the diversity of ALCL clinical symptoms and use steroid carefully,while pathologists should pay attention to morphological varieties of ALCL and choose appropriate immunohistiochemical stain markers to avoid misdiagnose.Pathologic diagnosis should be made by more than 2 oncology centers.

Objective To investigate the effect of interferon alpha ( IFN-α) on apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells ( VSMCs) in rats and the related mechanism. Methods The cells were divided into three group:group A, group B and group C.Group A was transfected with nonspecific siRNA, group B was intervened with IFN-α and transfected with nonspecific siRNA, and group C was intervened with IFN-α and transfected with IFI204 siRNA. All the cells were cultured for 48 h. The expression of P204 mRNA was determined by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).P204, RAS protein levels, and phosphorylation levels of RAF and ERK were analyzed by Western blotting. The cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry with Annexin-V FITC/PI method. Results As compared with group A, the expression of P204 mRNA and protein in group B was up-regulated (P<0.05), the cell apoptosis was increased (P<0.05), in the process of the above, the expression of RAS protein was decreased ( P<0.05) and the phosphorylation levels of RAF and ERK were dropped (P<0.05).In group C, the expression levels of P204 mRNA and protein were down-regulated (P<0.05), and cell apoptosis was decreased ( P<0.05) , the expression of RAS protein and the phosphorylation levels of RAF and ERK were increased ( P<0.05) . Conclusion P204 and RAS signal pathway participates in IFN-α regulation of apoptosis of VSMCs in rats.

Objective To study the effects of parthenolide on osteoclast differentiation of RAW264. 7 cell induced by receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand (RANKL). Methods The mouse macrophage RAW264.7 cells induced by RANKL was used alone as the control group, different concentrations of par-thenolide (0.5, 1, 2 μmol/L) were added to culture the RAW264.7 cells. On the third, fifth and seventh day, the tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining method was used to detect osteodast-like cells and the cell number was count;the contents of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP5b) in the Culture supernatant of each groups were detected by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the expression of osteodast marker gene alcitonin receptor (CTR) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in each groups were detected by realtime-polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on the seventh day. We use Chi-square test and t test to test the differences between groups by SPSS 17.0. Results In different culture conditions, RANKL could always induce the RAW264.7 cell differentiate into mature osteoclasts. Compared with the control group at the same time control group, on the third, fifth and seventh day, he number of mature osteoclasts induced were obviously decreased in groups adding different concentration of PAR; the number of induced osteoclasts decreased along with the increase of parthenolide concentration, on the seventh day in 0.5, 1, 2 μmol/L concentration PAR groups, the number of mature osteoclasts compared with the control group were descended 36.3%, 40.8%, 49.3%(t=7.758, 8.742, 10.56;P<0.05);the contents of TRAP5b in the culture supernatant were consistent with the cell counting results on the seventh day (P<0.05). The expression of CTR and MMP-9 by TRAP positive osteoclasts decreased along with the increase of parthenolide concentration, and the 2 μmol/L group was the lowest. Compared with the control group, there were statistically significant differences with the different PAR concentration groups 0.5, 1, 2 μmol/L (P<0.05). Conclusion Parthenolide can inhibit RANKL induced RAW264.7 differentiation into osteoclast cells, and the inhibition is dose dependent.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of carnosine on Glutamate induced apoptosis in SH-SY5Y cells and its mechanism. Methods The injury model was established by treating SH-SY5Y cells with glutamate in vitro.Inverted microscope was used to observe cell morphology. The cell viability was detected by MTT assay, and changes in nucleus were detected by Hoechst33258 staining under fluorescence microscopy.The cell apoptosis rates were measured by flow cytometry.The reactive oxygen species ( ROS ) level in cells was detected by fluorescent probe CDFH-DA. Results Compared with normal control group, the cell viability in glutamate group decreased (P<0.01), the morphology changes of cell apoptosis such as karyopyknosis and split were observed by Hoechst33258 staining, while the apoptosis rate and the level of ROS were increased (P<0.01). Compared with glutamate group, the cell viability of carnosine 0.6,3,15 mmol/L groups obviously increased(P<0.01), while the morphology changes of cell apoptosis significantly improved, the apoptosis rate and the level of ROS were obviously reduced ( P<0.01 ) .Compared with normal control group, the cell viability, the morphology changes and the apoptosis rate did not significantly change in carnosine group.The level of ROS was reduced, but there was no statistically significant difference between two groups.Conclusion Carnosine has apparent protective effect on apoptosis of SH-SY5Y cells injury induced by glutamate.The mechanism may be related to carnosine prevent the occurrence of oxidative stress.