Acupuncture Therapy ; Adolescent ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; complications ; Humans ; Male ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; etiology ; physiopathology ; therapy ; Vision, Ocular

Objective To optimize the processing conditions of Manchuiran Dutchmanspipe Stem with alkali. Methods The combination of radial basis function ( RBF) and response surface methodology ( RSM) was used to investigate the influence of NaHCO3 , concentration, duration and cycles of processing on the content of aristolochic acid. Results The optimal process was achieved when Manchuiran Dutchmanspipe Stem was soaked for 3 cycles in 0. 05 mol·L-1 NaHCO3 solution, for 24 hours in each cycle. The removal rate of total aristolochic acid approached to 83. 74%. Conclusion The combination of RBF and RSM provided a new method and good guidance for further toxicity attenuation for Manchuiran Dutchmanspipe Stem.

Object To study the chemical constituents in the ro ot of Isatis indigotica Fort Methods The s eparations were carried out by column chromatography and identified by advanced physical and spectral data analysis Results Five compounds were isolated and identified as neohesperidin (Ⅰ), ammonium formate (Ⅱ), isol iquiritigenin (Ⅲ), liquiritigenin (Ⅳ), and adenosine (Ⅴ) Conclusio n Neohesperidin, liquiritigenin and isoliquiritigenin are isolated f o r the first time from the plants of Cruciferae, ammonium formate is obtained fro m the root of I indigotica for the first time

10.3969/j.issn.1007-3969.2013.04.009

BACKGROUND:There are a variety of methods for establishing osteoarthritis animal model, and different methods and different animals have their own characteristics.
OBJECTIVE:To review the status of the research on osteoarthritis animal models.
METHODS:The relevant articles to the osteoarthritis animal models were searched in Medline database from January 2002 to October 2011, with the key words of“animal model, osteoarthritis”in English by the computer. Similarly, Chinese Journal Ful-text Database was retrieved for related articles published in Chinese from January 2002 to October 2011, with the key words of“animal model, osteoarthritis, research development”in Chinese. Total y 423 relevant articles were col ected and 128 of them conformed the standard. At last 40 articles were included to review after ful-text reading.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The artificial induced animal models are the principal means to establish animal models of osteoarthritis and they have been widely used in the study of osteoarthritis pathogenesis, drug efficacy, cartilage physiology and pathology. Spontaneous osteoarthritis animal models have great advantages in the study addressing the initial mechanism of osteoarthritis, the biochemical changes of articular cartilage and the comparison of prevention and cure effects. Transgenic animal models have great application prospects on studying cartilage repairing mechanisms and testing a gene to prevent, delay or reversal the morphological changes. Accordingly the choice of models should be based on research needs.

Objective To investigate whether and how CD4 + CD25 + regulatory T cells(Tr) affect oxidized low density lipoprotein(oxLDL) induced proinflammatory response in macrophages.Methods Tr were isolated from lymphocyte suspensions by magnetic cell sorting-column and analyzed by flow cytometry.Macrophages were cultured alone,with CD4 + CD25 + Tr or CD4 + CD25 - Tr in the presence of oxLDL for 48 h.The phenotype of macrophages was determined by flow cytometry.NO production was assessed by Griess reaction an iNOS mRNA was isolated by RT-PCR.ELISA were used to measure the production of cytokine/chemokine like MCP-1,MMP-9,TNF-ct,TGF-β and IL-10 in macrophages response to oxLDL.Results Our data showed that with oxLDL challenge,the Tr modulated macrophages have decreased NO production and iNOS expression,decreased HLA-DR and CD86 expression,and down-regulated proinflammatory cytokine/chemokine production.Conclusion Tr can inhibit the proinflammatory properties of macrophages and steer macrophage differentiation toward an anti-inflammatory cytokine producing phenotype.

BACKGROUND:Col agen type II and proteoglycan loss are two most obvious manifestations of cartilage damage in the onset of osteoarthritis. Changes in col agen type II and proteoglycan as the main components of cartilage matrix directly lead to cartilage degeneration and subsequently result in osteoarthritis. How to reverse or prevent the development of this process becomes the focus of medical research. OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of warming yang and benefiting marrow recipe on the expression of col agen type II and proteoglycan in the articular cartilage of knee osteoarthritis rabbits as wel as to further explore the mechanism underlying chondrocyte protection. METHODS:Ninety-six New Zealand rabbits, aged 9 months old, male and female, were selected to prepare osteoarthritis models in extension position using cast immobilization method, and were randomly divided into four groups:blank group (untreated), model group (simple modeling), Chinese medicine group (intragastric administration of extracts of warming yang and benefiting marrow recipe, 24 mL/kg/d) and western medicine group (intragastric administration of glucosamine hydrochloride, 24 mL/kg/d). Intragastric administration was done once a day for 6 weeks. RT-PCR technology was used to observe the effect of warming yang and benefiting marrow recipe on the expression of col agen type II and proteoglycans in the articular cartilage, and pathological examination was also done. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cartilage surface was smooth in the blank group and Chinese medicine group, with uniform toluidine blue staining, but in the model group and western medicine group, the cartilage surface was rough and the toluidine blue staining was extremely uneven with obvious loss of surface and middle layer dying. The expressions of cartilage proteoglycan and col agen type II in the model group were significantly lower than those in the blank group (P<0.01) as wel as in the Chinese medicine group and western medicine group (P<0.05). In addition, the expressions of cartilage proteoglycan and col agen type II in the Chinese medicine group were higher than those in the western medicine group (P<0.05). These findings indicate that the recipe of warming yang and benefiting marrow can enhance the expressions of col agen type II and proteoglycan, which can maintain the normal col agen phenotype and protect the articular cartilage.

Objective To investigate clinicopathological features of scalp angiosarcoma, and to analyze the relationship of tumor stage and treatment with prognosis. Methods Clinical and follow-up data were collected from 16 patients with non-metastatic primary scalp angiosarcoma treated in the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery of Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University from September 2002 to June 2013. According to the seventh edition American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC)TNM staging system for soft tissue sarcomas (2010), staging of scalp angiosarcoma was performed for the 16 patients. Statistical analysis was carried out by the Kaplan-Meier method for survival rates and by the Log-rank test for survival curve. The Cox regression model was used for multivariate regression analysis. Results Of the 16 patients, 4 had stageⅠangiosarcoma, 4 stage Ⅱangiosarcoma, and 8 stage Ⅲ angiosarcoma. The tumor usually began as ecchymosis-like lesions on the head or face in early stage, and progressed into dark red infiltrative plaques, nodules and ulcers which easily ruptured and bled in later stage. Histopathological examination showed generalized vascular proliferation and infiltration with high histological morphological diversity. Cytologic atypia was commonly seen. The median time to recurrence was 15 months, and local recurrence occurred in 7 patients. The median time to metastasis was 20.5 months, and distant metastasis was observed in 8 cases, including 4 cases of pulmonary metastasis, 2 lymph node metastasis, 1 liver metastasis and 1 bone metastasis. The survival time was 33.0 ± 4.4 months (median, 32 months)in 4 patients with stage Ⅰangiosarcoma, 24.0 ± 7.9 months(median, 15 months)in 4 patients with stage Ⅱangiosarcoma, and 23.9 ± 3.9 months (median, 24 months)in 8 patients with stage Ⅲ angiosarcoma. Additionally, the survival time was 23.4 ± 5.2 months(median, 21 months), 24.4 ± 5.7 months(median, 24 months)and 35.8 ± 9.7 months(median, 26 months) in 5 patients receiving surgical treatment alone, 7 patients receiving surgical treatment and radiotherapy, and 4 patients receiving surgical treatment, radiotherapy and immunotherapy, respectively. Conclusions Surgical treatment combined with radiotherapy and immunotherapy may serve as the first-choice treatment for scalp angiosarcoma. Tumor size and treatment regimens are main factors influencing prognosis of scalp angiosarcoma.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects on the hypernatremia in elderly patients with ARDS treated by continu-ous veno-venous hemofiltration(CVVH) .Methods Eighteen cases of elderly patients with ARDS and hypernatremia were treated by CVVH ,the serum sodium concentration was observed and the displacement fluid composition was adjusted dynamically by serum sodium concentration ,the changes of kidney function ,gas index ,plasma osmotic pressure and APACHE Ⅱ score were recorded and analyzed .Results After treatment ,the plasma osmotic pressure of patients declined [(318 .5 ± 20 .2)mmol/L vs .(294 .4 ± 15 .1) mmol/L ,P<0 .01] .After treatment ,the oxygenation index rised [(157 .4 ± 34 .2) vs .(178 .4 ± 40 .4) ,P< 0 .05] ,APACHE Ⅱscore declined[(20 .8 ± 9 .4) vs .(14 .5 ± 8 .8) ,P<0 .05] ,and the comparison of after and before treatment was statistically signifi-cant .Conclusion Therapy method of elderly patients with ARDS and hypernatremia treated by CVVH can correct hypernatremia , improve oxygenation index and APACHE Ⅱ score effectively .

AIM: To explore the influence of CD47 molecules on the maturation and function of cultured dendritic cells (DCs). METHODS: Monocyte cell-derived DCs were propagated in granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) plus interleukin (IL)-4, in the presence or absence of anti CD47 monoclonal antibodies (anti-CD47 mAbs). Flow cytometry was used to detect the cell surface phenotype. The concentration of IL-12P70 in supernatant was measured by ELISA technique. The antigen-presenting functions of DCs were determined in one-way mixed leukocyte reaction by Brdu-ELISA. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) was used to examine NF-?B activity. RESULTS: The anti-CD47 mAbs markedly suppressed the expression of CD80,CD86,CD83,CD1a,HLA-DR on the surface of DCs (P