Objective To investigate the risk factors of ischemic cerebral stroke after transient ischemic attacks (TIAs).Methods The clinical data of 184 TIA patients were collected.The risk factors of ischemic cerebral stroke after TIA were analyzed.Results Compared with no ischemic cerebral infarction group, the rate of elderly (≥60 years old), hypertension, diabetes, smoking and drinking history in ischemic cerebral infarction group (P<0.05-0.01).There was no statistical significance in gender and hyperlipidemia between the two groups (all P>0.05).Compared with no ischemic cerebral infarction group, the rate of attack time≥30 min, attack frequency≥3, course of disease≥24 h were significantly increased (P<0.05-0.01).There was no statistical significance in TIA types between the two groups (all P>0.05).Logistic regression analysis showed there were a positive correlations between elderly, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and drinking history and ischemic cerebral stroke after TIA (OR=29.799, 95%CI: 2.189-405.569, P=0.011;OR=0.649, 95%CI: 0.038-6.850, P=0.005;OR=8.569, 95%CI: 1.314-55.862, P=0.025;OR=0.158, 95%CI: 0.025-0.980, P=0.048).Conclusion Elderly, hypertension, diabetes, smoking and drinking history are independent risk factors for ischemic cerebral stroke after TIA.

Objective To develop models of epileptic discharge by activating group Ⅰ metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluR) or by blocking gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors on rat hippocampal slices. Methods Rat hippocampal slices were exposed to mGluR group Ⅰ specific agonist dihydroxyphenylglycine (DHPG) or to GABAA receptor antagonists bicuculline methiodide(BMI), and single pyramidal cell in the CA3 region of the slice was recorded by whole cell patch clamp technique. Results Exposure to DHPG or BMI resulted in the induction of spontaneously occurring epileptic discharge in the CA3 region of rat hippocampal slice, and there was no significant difference in the frequency of discharge between them(P>0.05). Conclusion Epileptic discharge can be generated in vitro in response to a loss of balance between excitatory and inhibitory influences.

In order to improve teaching lever and explore teaching approach, the feasibility study on the combination of the problembased learning method CPBL) and the lecture-based learning method (LBL) was conducted in the teaching of Acupuncture and Moxibustion. The 2010 undergraduates in the major of clinical integrated Chinese and western medicine of five years were randomized into a PBL and LBL group and a LEL group. In the first semester, according to the basic teaching requirement, LBL was used to accomplish the teaching of basic theory. In the internship teaching section, the different teaching method was applied. In the PBL and LEL group, PEL was used, and in the LBL group, LBL was given. At the end of semester, the examination results of the theory learning and medical cases learning were evaluated. The questionnaire was summarized in the teachers and students. The final examination result of theory learning was not different significantly between the two groups (P >0. 05), but the result of medical cases learning in the PEL and LEL group was better than that in LEL group (84. 47±10. 72 vs 76. 00±9. 97, P<0. 05). The questionnaire for the students and teachers indicated that the result of PEL and LEL combined method was higher than that of LEL method (86. 27±8. 36 vs 56. 00±14. 59, P< 0. 01; 45. 89±3. 68 vs 36. 61±6. 41, P<0. 0l), indicating that the combined method of PBL and LEL is feasible in teaching of Acupuncture and Moxibustion and the teaching outcome is superior to the simple LBL, which provides the new approach to the teaching reform.
Acupuncture ; education ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Adolescent ; Education, Medical ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Moxibustion ; methods ; Problem-Based Learning ; Students, Medical ; psychology ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Teaching ; methods ; Young Adult

Objective:This study has two objectives. One is to detect the methylation status of reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK, a new tumor suppressor gene) gene promoter in primary laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and nor-mal laryngeal mucosa. The other is to analyze the correlation between RECK gene methylation status and radiosensitivity in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods:Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the RECK gene methylation of 70 specimens of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and 15 normal tissues of laryngeal mucosa. The patients underwent six cycles of ra-diotherapy and were followed-up for 5 years. The correlation between RECK gene methylation status and radiosensitivity in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma was analyzed. Results: After six cycles of radiotherapy, 47 patients (67.14%) showed sensitivity and 23 (32.86%) showed tolerance to radiotherapy. The methylation level of the RECK gene was lower in the radiation-sensitive group than in the nonradiation-sensitive group (P<0.05). The methylation level of the RECK gene was lower in the remission group than in the non-remission group. RECK gene methylation could increase the risk of cancer by approximately 5.010 times (OR=5.010, 95%CI:1.616-15.533). Conclusion:RECK gene promoter methylation in human laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma is an early event that is correlated with the patient's sensitivity to radiotherapy. Thus, the patient's sensitivity to radiation can be predicted by detecting the meth-ylation status of the RECK gene promoter.

Objective To evaluate the operation of laparoscopic splenectomy(LS),its safety and clinical effects.Methods Literature of the advances of LS were reviewed and analyzed.Results With the development of technology and surgical technique,the indications for LS were widened,the size of spleen plays an important role in the clinical outcome of LS.Conclusion LS has all the advantages of minimally invasive surgery.The application of hand-assisted technique is safe and feasible for giant spleen.With the accumulation of surgical experiences and technique development,LS will be extensively used in clinic.

Anterior cervical plating has been widely used to treat cervical spine trauma, degeneration, deformity and tumor due to the advantages such as augmentation of cervical stability and promotion of bone graft fusion. This paper introduced the classification and evolution of plate-screw internal fixation system, analyzed the biomechanics of anterior cervical plate, and discussed its clinical application. Although the therapeutic effect of anterior cervical plating is favorable, there are still various complications postoperatively. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the anterior cervical plate from different aspects to expand its clinical application.

Objective To investigate the expression of cyclooxyenase 2 (COX 2)in carcinogensis and development of endometrium carcinoma Methods Immunostainings, westernblotting and quantitve reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) assay were utilized to measure levels of protein and mRNA expression of COX 2 in following five study groups: 25 cases with proliferative phase, 25 cases with secretory phase,25 cases with endometritis, 23 cases with atypical proliferative phase and 34 cases with endometrium carcinoma Results COX 2 expression of both RNA and protein in patients with endometrial carcinoma was higher significantly than patients with proliferative phase, secretary phase,endometritis,atypical proliferate phase Immunostaining score was 5 46?0 12 vs 3 20?0 18,4 78?0 12,6 10?0 25,8 70?0 93, average absorbent value was 0 75?0 23 vs 0 41?0 45, 0 56?0 31, 1 10?0 56,1 46?0 41;concentration of mRNA [(93?8) vs (65?11),(79?6),(299?11),(493?30) fpg/?g respectively] Successively the expression of COX 2 in atypical proliferation group was higher than normal endometrial and endometritis group The expression in proliferative phase group was higher significantly than secretory phase group ( P

Objective To study the effect of cell wall polysaccharide (CWP) of Thallus Laminariae (TL) on thrombosis and blood coagulation.Methods Thrombosis was induced by arteriovenous shunt,ligation of inferior vena cava and electric stimulation of common carotid artery,after intraperitoneal injection of CWP or nomal saline for 3 days.The weight of thrombus and the occlusion time were examined in the normal saline group and high-dose (100 mg/kg) and low-dose (20 mg/kg) groups of CWP of TL.Blood coagulation time (CT),plasma prothrombin time (PT) and partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured to observe the effect of CWP on blood coagulation.Results Compared with the control group,both high-dose CWP of TL and low-dose CWP can obviously decrease the weight of thrombus and prolong the occlusion time,CT and APTT.High-dose CWP could also prolong PT obviously,the differences being significant.Low-dosa CWP also prolong PT,but the difference was not significant statistically.Conclusion CWP of TL can inhibit the thrombus formation and blood coagulation in rats.

The traditional treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysm was open surgery.In the 1990s,endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR) began to emerge.In the early stage,this kind of minimally invasive method was applied in highly selected patient cohort due to the limitation of anatomic conditions of patients,age of patients and shortage of available endovascular devices.The indications for open surgery which were used in this new kind of therapeutic modality also influenced the outcomes.As the technique became mature and the properties of endogarft were developed,endovascular treatment can be used to treat more complex pathologies and the results were improved.However,several challenges were rising,including dealing with complex proximal aneurismal neck,intra-and post-operative endoleak,abdominal aortic aneurysm compromising branched arteries and ruptured abdominal aortic aneurysm.To solve these problems,chimney technique,fenestrated stent,branched stent and the sandwich technique had been invented and developed.It is believed that endovascular treatment for abdominal aortic aneurysm could be applied more widely under vascular surgeons' efforts.

Objective To study the correlation of posttraumatic growth with psychological resilience,social support and self-efficacy in breast cancer patients.Methods The questionnaires of Posttraumatic Growth Inventory (PTGI),Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (CD-RISC),Perceived Social Support Scale (PSSS),General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES) were used to measure 170 patients with breast cancer.Finally 159 questionnaires were returned.The investigation results were analyzed.Results Among 159 patients,the score of PTGI was (56.41±17.19) scores.The dimension score from high to low order were the relationships with others,personal strength,appreciation of life,new possibilities:(3.29±0.99),(3.19±1.00),(2.94±1.15),(2.36± 1.15) scores.The score of CD-RISC was (63.36± 14.43) scores,PSSS was (69.28±8.59) scores.The score of support from family was (24.45±3.67) scores,which was in the high level.The score of support out of family was (33.51±5.60) scores,which was in the medium level.The posttraumatic growth in breast cancer was positively correlated with the psychological resilience,perceived social support,support out of family,and general self-efficacy,P＜0.05.Conclusions The posttraumatic growth of patients with breast cancer is in the medium level,which still should be improved.The measures which can improve psychological resilience,social support,general self-efficacy of patients would also improve the posttraumatic growth in patients with breast cancer.