OBJECTIVE:To optimize ultrasonic extraction technology for polysaccharide from Aconiti lateralis radix praepara-ta(ALRP). METHODS:Uniform design method was applied to investigate the effects of liquid material ratio,ultrasonic time and ultrasonic temperature on extraction rate of polysaccharide from ALRP. Verification test was conducted and compared with the re-sults of conventional decoction and boiling method. RESULTS:Optimized ultrasonic extraction technology was as follow as liquid material ratio of 10 mL/g,ultrasonic time of 34 min and ultrasonic temperature of 73 ℃. The polysaccharide extraction rate in veri-fication test was 19.05%(RSD=0.60%,n=3),relative error of the predicted value (19.44%) was 2.0%,while the extraction rate was higher than decoction and boiling method(16.42%). CONCLUSIONS:Optimized ultrasonic extraction technology is sim-ple,rapid and stable with high extraction rate,which is suitable for extracting polysaccharide from ALRP.

Objective:To investigate the distribution of abnormal eating behaviors among middle school girls in Beijing and the psychological factors having influence on these behaviors Methods: HDI and ESC-21 were used to investigate 636 female middle school students in Beijing Results: (1) According to the BMI of the subjects, 80 3% of the subjects answered that they had paid attention to their weight and stature (2) The mean BMI of the subjects were 19 38, which is in the normal range, but their ideal body mass index(IBMI)was lower than the normal standard (IBIM

Automatic Data Processing ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Pulse

Apoptosis ; Breast Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; MicroRNAs ; metabolism ; physiology ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; metabolism ; Receptors, Androgen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Estrogen ; metabolism ; Receptors, Progesterone ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction

Objective To evaluate the utility of carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) in detecting carbapenemase-producing Acinetobacter baumannii.Methods A total of 121 strains of A. baumannii were identified and subjected to antimicrobial susceptibility testing by VITEK compact. Carbapenem inactivation method (CIM) was applied to detect the carbapenemase in the A. baumannii strains. The OXA-23 type carbapenemase-encoding genes were analyzed by common PCR method.Results Six-eight of the 121 strains showed resistance to imipenem and meropenem. PCR showed that 65 of the 68 strains carried OXA-23 gene. CIM was positive in 66 of the 68 strains. And 52 of the 121A. baumannii strains were susceptible to imipenem and meropenem. PCR showed that OXA-23 gene was negative in 49 of the 52 strains. CIM was negative in the 52 strains of non-carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii. Only one strain was resistant to imipenem but susceptible to meropenem. CIM was negative but QXA-23 was positive for this strain. The sensitivity and the specificity of CIM was 94.2% and 98.1% respectively in detecting carbapenemase-producing A. baumannii.Conclusions The results of CIM were consistent with the results obtained by PCR to detect the encoding gene of OXA-23. CIM is inexpensive, easier to operate and interpret than PCR method. CIM is applicable to detect OXA-23 type carbapenemase rapidly inA. baumannii.

We have carried out experiment design and comment,and students write the reports of experiment design in patho- physilolgy teaching from the aspects of basic process of experiment research and basic factors,principle and meaning of experi- ment design.By way of the teaching reform,the major position of students in studying is established,students' ability to study in- dependently and acquire knowledge actively are well cultivated,their comprehensive quality are enhanced and the teachers con- struction is also promoted.

The chemical constituents of Vaccinium bracteatum were studied by means of macroporous resin, ODS column chromatography and preparative HPLC. Eleven compounds were isolated from this plant. By using ESI-MS and NMR, the structures of the eleven compounds were determined as 10-O-trans-p-coumaroyl-6alpha-hydroxyl-dihydromonotropein (1), 10-O-cis-p-coumaroyl -6alpha-hydroxyl-dihydromonotropein (2), vaccinoside (3), 10-O-cis-p-coumaroyl monotropein (4), isolariciresinol-9-O-beta-D-xyloside (5), tectoridin (6), vicenin-3 (7), quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-rhamnoside (8), quercetin-3-O-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (9), quercetin-3-O-beta-D-galactopyranoside (10), and quercetin-3-O-beta-D-glucuronide (11), respectively. Compounds 1 and 2 are new, and compounds 4, 6 and 7 are isolated from the genus Vaccinium for the first time.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Molecular Structure ; Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization ; Vaccinium ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of 3-n-butylphthalide pretreatment on the delayed neuronal death(DND) and the expreesion of heat shock protein70 (HSP70) in rat hippocampus after ischemia/ reperfusion.

METHODSAll rats were randomly divided into sham group (n = 36), total cerebral ischemia (TCI) group (n = 36), butylphthalide (NBP) group (n = 6), NBP + TCI group( n = 36), quercetin + NBP + TCI group (n = 6), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) + NBP + TCI group (n = 6). The model of total cerebral ischemia/reperfusion was established by blocking vertebral arteries and carotid arteries. In sham group, TCI group and NBP group, the animals were further divided into instantly, 6 h, 12 h, 1 d, 3 d, 5 d groups according to the time interval after sham operation or TCI. Histological changes of the hippocampus were evaluated using thionin staining under light microscope by determining the delayed neuronal death (DND) and the expression of HSP70 was assayed using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSNBP pretreatment could reduce delayed neuronal death in CA1 of hippocampus induced by TCI-reperfusion injury in rats, and up-regulated the expression of HSP70 in CA1 hippocampus of brain ischemic/reperfusion for 5 days. Quercetin blocked the acquirement of the brain ischemic tolerance induced by NBP preconditioning.

CONCLUSION3-n-butylphthalide (NBP) prevents the neurons from ischemia/reperfusion injury through upregulating the expression of HSP70.

Animals ; Benzofurans ; pharmacology ; CA1 Region, Hippocampal ; cytology ; pathology ; Cell Death ; Cerebral Infarction ; drug therapy ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; metabolism ; Ischemic Preconditioning ; Neurons ; cytology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Reperfusion Injury ; drug therapy

BACKGROUND: Recent research has shown that Gastrodia elata Bl (GEB) has a cardiovascular protective effect and relaxes blood vessels with important therapeutic implication to treat coronary heart disease and hypertension. However, the mechanism is still unclear.OBJESTIVE: To study the effect of the water decoction of GEB on noradrenaline (NA) or KC1 precontracted aortic rings and the possible mechanisms.DESIGN: A grouping observational experiment of animal tissue in vitro.SETTING: Department of Physiology, North Sichuan Medical College.MATERIALS: Twelve health New Zealand、White rabbits (2.5-3.0 kg, 7-8 months, SPF, either gender) were provided by the Experimental Animal Center, North Sichuan Medical College. The water decoction of GEB was prepared by Huirentang Drugstore and diluted into 10%, 20%, 40%and 80% solution. The following drugs were used: Nω-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, Sigma, USA); Methylene blue (MB, Merck, Germany); Acetylcholine (ACh) and Propranolol (Prop) (The Second Beijing Pharmaceutical Company, China); Indomethacin (Indo, Jingsu Taicang Pharmaceutical Company, China).METHODS: The experiment was performed in the Institute of Materia Medica, North Sichuan Medical College between January 2006 and January 2007. Rabbit smooth muscles of aortic rings were isolated and precontracted with NA. The thoracic aortic rings were treated with GEB with cumulative concentrations of 1.0,2.0,4.0,8.0 and 16g/L respectively. The aortic tings were treated with one of the following signaling inhibitors for 15 minutes, including 1×104mol/L L-NNA, 1×10-5mol/L MB, 1×10-5mol/L Indo and 1×10-5mol/L Prop. The changes of tension in aortic rings were recorded using a force transducer and processed by BL-410 Experimental System of Biological Function. The aortic rings were incubated with 8g/L GEB followed by the NA and KCl dose response experiments.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Blood vessel tension ex vivo.RESULTS: GEB did not change the resting tension of rabbit aortic rings, but GEB treatment resulted in an obvious relaxation in NA-precontracted aortic rings (r=0.85, t=18.45, P＜0.01) and the relaxant effect was dose-dependent. The relaxant effect of GEB was significantly reduced by removal of endothelium and by treatment with 1×10-4mol/L nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-NNA (1×10-4mol/L), or 1×10-5mol/L guanylyl cyclase inhibitor methylene blue (1×10-5mol/L MB), but not by treatment with prostaglandin synthase inhibitor of blockage of the adrenergic β-receptor (1×10-5mol/L Prop). In addition, GEB (8g/L) decreased the dose response curves of aortic rings to NA or KCl in the absence of endothelial cells, and changed the PD2 values for NA from (6.90±0.93)mol/L in control group to[(5.61±0.70)mol/L, t=2.41, P＜0.05] and for KCl from (1.53±0.55) mmol/L in control group to (1.10±0.25)mmol/L, t=3.82, P＜0.05] respectively.CONCLUSION: GEB can relax isolated rabbit aorta not only in an endothelium-dependent, nitric oxide involved manner, but also is related to blockage of receptor-operated and potential-dependent calcium channels.

Objective To observe levosimendan-induced hemodynamic improvement of chronic decompensated heart failure patients and adverse effects,and sum up the nursing experience of Levosimendan.Methods Sixty-three patients with decompensated heart failure were treated with Levosimendan,based on optimized conventional treatment for heart failure.Aminoterminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and left ventricle ejective fraction (LVEF) were measured at baseline and one week after Levosimendan administration.In addition,we summarized the clinical observation,adverse effects and nursing experiences of treatment with Levosimendan in decompensated heart failure patients.Results Levosimendan increased 24-hour urine output in patients at the first day after treatment.This effect of levosimendan persisted for 7 days at least.We observed an improvement in LVEF and a reduction of NT-pro-BNP at 7 days after the initiation of levosimendan treatment.Clinical efficiency of levosimendan in patients was 84.1％ in this study.Twenty two patients(34.9％) experienced different adverse events.Conclusions Levosimendan therapy can improve cardiac function and reduce BNP in patients with decompensated heart failure.The rate of adverse effects of Levosimendan is high.It is important to enhance therapy effect by careful nursing and observing variety state during treatment with Levosimendan.These data will be useful for the nursing care of Levosimendan in clinical practice.