ObjectiveThe controllability changes of structural brain network were explored based on the control and brain network theory in young smokers, this may reveal that the controllability indicators can serve as a powerful factor to predict the sleep status in young smokers. MethodsFifty young smokers and 51 healthy controls from Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology were enrolled. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was used to construct structural brain network based on fractional anisotropy (FA) weight matrix. According to the control and brain network theory, the average controllability and the modal controllability were calculated. Two-sample t-test was used to compare the differences between the groups and Pearson correlation analysis to examine the correlation between significant average controllability and modal controllability with Fagerström Test of Nicotine Dependence (FTND) in young smokers. The nodes with the controllability score in the top 10% were selected as the super-controllers. Finally, we used BP neural network to predict the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) in young smokers. ResultsThe average controllability of dorsolateral superior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, lenticular nucleus putamen, and lenticular nucleus pallidum, and the modal controllability of orbital inferior frontal gyrus, supplementary motor area, gyrus rectus, and posterior cingulate gyrus in the young smokers’ group, were all significantly different from those of the healthy controls group (P<0.05). The average controllability of the right supplementary motor area (SMA.R) in the young smokers group was positively correlated with FTND (r=0.393 0, P=0.004 8), while modal controllability was negatively correlated with FTND (r=-0.330 1, P=0.019 2). ConclusionThe controllability of structural brain network in young smokers is abnormal. which may serve as an indicator to predict sleep condition. It may provide the imaging evidence for evaluating the cognitive function impairment in young smokers.

italic>Schisandra chinensis is a traditional Chinese medicine with the functions of reinforcing deficiency, strengthening, and inducing astringency, appliable to treat the chronic cough and deficiency in breath, palpitation, and insomnia, etc. A hybrid mass spectrometry scanning strategy (high-definition data-independent/data-dependent acquisition, HDDIDDA), enabling the ion mobility separation and alternating data-independent acquisition/data-dependent acquisition, was established, which, in combination with in-house library-driven automatic peak annotation workflows facilitated by the UNIFI software, was utilized to systematically characterize the multi-classes of chemical components from S. chinensis. The use of an HSS T3 column (100 mm × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm), 0.1% formic acid in H₂O-acetonitrile as the mobile phase running at the flow rate of 0.3 mL·min^-1, and column temperature at 35 ℃, could enable good separation of the S. chinensis components within 42 min. HDDIDDA scan in both the positive and negative ion modes was employed for data acquisition. Based on the automatic peak annotation, reference standards comparison, MS² data interpretation, and literature analysis, we were able to identify or tentatively characterize 105 compounds in the S. chinensis decoction, involving 56 terpenoids, 42 lignans, five glycosides, one organic acid, and one flavonoid. HDDIDDA scanning can improve the coverage of data acquisition and improve the accuracy of identification, while CCS prediction analysis provides the possibility to distinguish isomers by the ion mobility technology. The results provide reference for the intelligent material basis research of TCM.

Objective To analyze the effects of deep learning image reconstruction(DLIR)and adaptive statistical iterative recon-struction V(ASIR-V)on the imaging quality of chest CT in patient with pulmonary nodules,and to evaluate the differences based on different image reconstruction techniques in the detection of efficiency of computer-aided diagnosis(CAD)for pulmonary nodules.Methods The image data of pulmonary nodules of eighty patients with chest CT screening were reconstructed with ASIR-V 80％,DLIR-low(DLIR-L),DLIR-medium(DLIR-M)and DLIR-high(DLIR-H)images,respectively.The objective image quality and sub-jective image quality of the four groups were compared and analyzed.Objective image quality includes CT value of region of interest(ROI),noise,signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),contrast-to-noise ratio(CNR)and image average gradient.The diagnostic efficacy of CAD in detecting pulmonary nodules of reconstructed images among four groups were further evaluated.Results There were no signifi-cant difference in CT value of ROI of reconstructed images among the four groups(P＞0.05).The noise,SNR and CNR of DLIR-H images were similar to those of ASIR-V 80％(P＞0.05),but significantly better than those of DLIR-L and DLIR-M(P＜0.05).The average gradient of DLIR-L,DLIR-M and DLIR-H images were significantly higher than those of ASIR-V 80％(P＜0.05).The subjective image quality scores of DLIR-L,DLIR-M and DLIR-H images were significantly higher than those of ASIR-V 80％(P＜0.05),and the subjective image quality score of DLIR-H image was the highest.CAD showed the highest true positive rate in DLIR-H images for detecting pulmonary nodules(P＜0.05),and CAD showed the highest false positives per capita in ASIR-V 80％images for detecting pulmonary nodules(P＜0.05).Conclusion The noise,SNR and CNR of DLIR-H images are similar to those of ASIR-V 80％,with the significantly higher image clarity and subjective image quality scores.DLIR-H has advantages in CAD detection of pulmonary nodules,which is an ideal image reconstruction technology for chest CT pulmonary nodule screening.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy of miR-7 antagomir in treatment of MRL/lpr mice.Methods:Thirty MRL/lpr mice were selected and randomly divided into miR-7 antagomir group,CTX group and Saline control group,with 10 mice in each group.MRL/lpr mice were treated at 13 weeks,and the above drugs were administered continuously for 5 weeks.General condition of the mice in each group was observed weekly and weighed,and serum and urine samples were collected.Serum ANA,anti-ds-DNA an-tibody and C3 levels of mice in the 13～17 weeks of three groups were detected by ELISA,and urinary protein level of mice in the above three groups were detected at every week.Changes in proportion of Tfh cells in the three groups of mice were detected by flow cytometry.RT-PCR was used to detect expression levels of miR-7 and PTEN mRNA in spleen and lymph nodes of three groups of mice.Pathological conditions of kidneys of three groups of mice were observed under light microscope by HE,PAS,PASM staining.Results:After 5 weeks of treatment,in terms of gross morphology:Compared with Saline group,mice in miR-7 antagomir group and CTX group were in good general condition,and their body weight were increased with the increased age.In terms of serology:Serum ANA and anti-ds-DNA antibody of miR-7 antagomir group and CTX group were significantly lower than those of Saline group,while level of complement C3 was significantly increased,there was no statistical difference in the above indicators between the two treatment groups.In terms of cytology:Proportion of Tfh cells in spleen of mice in miR-7 antagomir group was significantly lower than that in Saline group.Compared with Saline group,expression level of miR-7 in spleen B cells of mice in miR-7 antagomir group was decreased,while expression level of PTEN mRNA was increased.In addition,pathological changes of kidneys of mice in miR-7 antagomir group and CTX group were improved compared with Saline group,there was no significant difference in pathological changes of kidneys between the two groups.Conclusion:miR-7 can be used as a potential target for treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus,miR-7 antagomir can show similar therapeutic effects as the classical immunosuppressant CTX,effectively improve the lupus-like disease manifestations in MRL/lpr mice and delay the progression of the disease.

Aim To investigate the effects of Ginkgo biloba extract(GBE)on vascular endothelial dysfunc-tion induced by chronic intermittent hypoxia(CIH)in rats and its related mechanisms.Methods The CIH rat model was established,and 50 and 100 mg·kg-1 GBE was administered by intragastric administration.The systolic blood pressure(SBP)of the tail artery was detected in each group.HE staining was used to detect the morphology of aorta tissue.DAF-FM DA staining and nitric reductase assay were used to detect NO levels.ELISA was used to detect serum ET-1,TNF-α and IL-6 levels.DHE staining was used to de-tect reactive oxygen species(ROS)levels of aortic tis-sue.Kits were used to detect the serum levels of MDA,SOD and GSH-Px.Western blot was used to detect the levels of VCAM-1,ICAM-1,nucleus Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1 of aortic tissue.Results GBE sig-nificantly decreased the levels of SBP,ET-1,ROS,MDA,VCAM-1,ICAM-1,TNF-α and IL-6,and sig-nificantly increased the levels of NO,SOD,GSH-Px,nuclear Nrf2,HO-1 and NQO1 in CIH rats.GBE sig-nificantly improved the histomorphology of aorta in CIH rats.Conclusions GBE can improve vascular endo-thelial dysfunction and reduce blood pressure in CIH model rats.The mechanism may be related to the acti-vation of Nrf2/ARE pathway and the inhibition of oxi-dative stress and inflammation by GBE.

Objective To develop a multicolor photoelectroencephalography evoked flash to identify photosensitive epilepsy patients during the selection of naval aircraft pilots.Methods The multicolor photoelectroencephalography evoked flash was composed of a main body,a control box and a bracket.There were four rows of LED lights in the main body,which emitted four colors of light including red,yellow,green and orange,respectively;there were three sockets for signal,light and power and one color changeover switch on the body of the control box,and a control circuit board was fixed at the bottom inside the control box;the bracket had a double-jointed arm folding structure.The flash developed was compared with the coventional photoelectroencephalography evoked flash to verify its effect for inducing photosensitive epilepsy.Results There were no significant differences between the two flashes in the numbers of identified cases with photosensitive epilepsy when the subjects were under awake and closed-eye conditions(P＞0.05).Condusion The flash developed can make up for the deficiency of the coventional photoelectroencephalography evoked flash when selecting naval aircraft pilots.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(7):112-114]

Objective To apply a COMSOL-based finite element analysis method to investigating the electric field effects produced by the human lower limb musculoskeletal system under the synergistic effects of stress field and electromagnetic field.Methods Firstly,a 3D human body model was constructed by Maxon Cinema 4D R21 software,and then imported into COMSOL 6.1 software in STL format.Secondly,an electromagnetic field intervention and stress loading model for the left lower limb of the human body was designed and constructed,in which 15 Hz quasi-pulse group current signals were used for electromagnetic field excitation and the stress field was realized by applying a vibration load with an average compressive force of about 90 N/cm2 to the left foot of the human body.Finally,the electromagnetic properties of human tissue were simulated by numerical simulation,and then the effects of stress field or elecromagnetic field or combined stress field and electromagnetic field on human bioelectric field were compared.Results Simulation results showed that the electric field intensity peaked at the leg joints under both electromagnetic and stress fields acting alone or synergistically,the bioelectric field intensity generated by the human body was related to the distance from the exogenous excitation loading location,and the electric field generated under synergistic action was equivalent to the linear superposition of the bioelectric field in the tissue induced by the electromagnetic field and the stress field acting alone.Conclusion Data supplement is provided for predicting bioelectric field changes within the musculoskeletal tissue,and theoretical foundation is laid for the development and application of multi-physics field synergistic intervention therapy for treating the disorders of the lower limb musculos-keletal system.[Chinese Medical Equipment Journal,2024,45(9):21-26]

Patients with severe trauma require an extremely timely treatment and transfusion plays an irreplaceable role in the emergency treatment of such patients. An increasing number of evidence-based medicinal evidences and clinical practices suggest that patients with severe traumatic bleeding benefit from early transfusion of low-titer group O whole blood or hemostatic resuscitation with red blood cells, plasma and platelet of a balanced ratio. However, the current domestic mode of blood supply cannot fully meet the requirements of timely and effective blood transfusion for emergency treatment of patients with severe trauma in clinical practice. In order to solve the key problems in blood supply and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma, Branch of Clinical Transfusion Medicine of Chinese Medical Association, Group for Trauma Emergency Care and Multiple Injuries of Trauma Branch of Chinese Medical Association, Young Scholar Group of Disaster Medicine Branch of Chinese Medical Association organized domestic experts of blood transfusion medicine and trauma treatment to jointly formulate Chinese expert consensus on blood support mode and blood transfusion strategies for emergency treatment of severe trauma patients ( version 2024). Based on the evidence-based medical evidence and Delphi method of expert consultation and voting, 10 recommendations were put forward from two aspects of blood support mode and transfusion strategies, aiming to provide a reference for transfusion resuscitation in the emergency treatment of severe trauma and further improve the success rate of treatment of patients with severe trauma.

Objective To systematically evaluate the risk factors for complicating pulmonary hyperten-sion (PH) in the patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).Methods The databases of PubMed,Embase,Cochrane Library,VIP,CNKI,China Biomedical Literature Service System and Wanfang Database were retrieved by computer.The retrieval time limitation was from the establishment of the database to September 2023.The literatures on the risk factors for complicating PH in the patients with COPD was col-lected and the meta analysis was conducted by using the RevMan 5.3 software.Results A total of 18 articles were included,including 8 prospective studies and 10 retrospective studies,with a total of 4361 COPD pa-tients,including 8 risk factors.The meta analysis results showed that the risk factors with statistical signifi-cance included C-reactive protein (CRP)[OR(95％CI)=2.17 (1.49-3.14)],interleukin-6 (IL-6)[OR(95％CI)=2.07 (1.59-2.70)],tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)[OR(95％CI)=1.69 (1.28-2.22)],brain na-triuretic peptide (BNP)[OR(95％CI)=1.58 (1.35-1.85)],D-dimer (D-D)[OR(95％CI)=2.58 (1.99-3.35)],forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)[OR(95％CI)=2.49 (1.93-3.20)]and mean plate-let volume (MPV)[OR(95％CI)=1.69 (1.19-2.39)].Conclusion CRP,IL-6,TNF-α,BNP,D-D,FEV1 and MPV are the risk factors for complicating PH in COPD patients.

Objective To observe and analyze the influence of the improved ultra-low temperature storage box on the quality of fresh frozen plasma(FFP).Methods A total of 80 qualified whole blood samples(400 mL,O type not includ-ed)collected from July to November in 2023 were selected,and were divided into 4 groups,with 20 samples in each group.Group A:quick-frozen in a traditional low temperature box for 1 hour and then stored in a-30℃cold storage;Group B:quick-frozen in the flat freezer for 1 hour and then stored in a-30℃cold storage;Group C:quick-frozen in a newly im-proved ultra-low temperature storage box for 1 hour and stored in a-30℃cold storage;Group D:quick-frozen in a new im-proved ultra-low temperature storage box for 12 hours and stored in a-30℃cold storage.The contents of FⅧand fibrinogen(Fg)in four groups were detected.Results The contents of FⅧin group B,C and D were significantly higher than those in group A,with statistical difference(P＜0.05),but with no statistical difference among gourp B,C and D(P＞0.05),and no statistical difference in the contents of Fg was found among the four groups(P＞0.05).Conclusion The improved ultra-low temperature storage box is superior to the traditional low temperature box in preparing FFP,and there is no obvious difference between the improved ultra-low temperature storage box and the flat-plate quick freezer.However,the improved ultra-low temperature storage box can make the process of preparing FFP more flexible and improve the efficiency of compo-nent preparation.